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Member

Jean-Paul GARRAUD

Patriots · France

Group
Patriots PfE
Country
France
Roll-call participation
91.1 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
92.7 %ⓘ of 5 380 votes where the group had a line · Patriots median 82.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
RN Rassemblement national
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
26 of 4 308 votesⓘ
Committees
AFCO
Member id
197628
More
Cite this page EP profile (opens the official site)
Link to this page

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term2024 (from July)20252026
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928

Roll-call participation ⓘ

91.1 %

5 401 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

Patriots median: 91.1 % (±0.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

92.7 %

4 988 of 5 380 votes where their group had a line

Patriots median: 82.7 % (+10.0 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

0.6 %

26 of 4 308 votes where their group had a clear line

8 opposite (for ↔ against), 18 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

11.3 %

613 of 5 401 votes cast

Participation 91.1 % — Patriots median 91.1 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Jean-Paul GARRAUD91.1 %
Patriots median91.1 %
Lowest in the group44.5 %
Highest in the group99.9 %
Members89
With majority line 92.7 % — Patriots median 82.7 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Jean-Paul GARRAUD92.7 %
Patriots median82.7 %
Lowest in the group72.5 %
Highest in the group92.9 %
Members89
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of Patriots; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Show Final votesAll roll calls
Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: European Public Prosecutor’s Office Discharge decision adopted 454 for, 161 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: Agencies Discharge decision adopted 475 for, 107 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: Joint Undertakings Discharge decision adopted 525 for, 104 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
29 Apr 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/008 BE/Liberty - Belgium Passed 586 for, 48 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 94637 Objection passed 412 for, 145 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025 Adopted 328 for, 199 against, 98 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
29 Apr 2026The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report Adopted 387 for, 191 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
29 Apr 2026Monitoring the application of European Union law in 2023, 2024 and 2025 Adopted 416 for, 190 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Apr 2026Generalised scheme of tariff preferences Passed 459 for, 127 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability Passed 558 for, 35 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Amendments to Biocidal Products Regulation as regards the extension of certain data protection periods Passed 591 for, 54 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: workers affected by imminent job displacement Passed 566 for, 67 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 Interim report adopted 370 for, 201 against, 84 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Apr 2026Guidelines for the 2027 budget - Section III Adopted 389 for, 191 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Apr 2026Amendments to Parliament's Rules of Procedure concerning appointments to Union agencies and bodies (Rule 135) Adopted 657 for, 0 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2024 Adopted 377 for, 254 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU Adopted 447 for, 160 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Apr 2026Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2024 Rejected 231 for, 389 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Apr 2026The role of ocean diplomacy for the competitiveness of EU fisheries and aquaculture Adopted 430 for, 107 against, 115 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Apr 2026Control, transparency and traceability of performance-based instruments Adopted 527 for, 85 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Apr 2026Enhancing connectivity, preserving cultural heritage and driving local excellence in European tourism – destination management and regional tourism growth Adopted 439 for, 42 against, 129 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
28 Apr 2026Extension of the term of office of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Adopted 422 for, 202 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Mar 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Negotiating mandate approved 389 for, 206 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Combating corruption Passed 581 for, 21 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Failed 228 for, 311 against, 92 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America Passed 417 for, 154 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Mar 2026Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods Passed 437 for, 144 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Mar 2026Simplification of the implementation of harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Digital Omnibus on AI) Passed 569 for, 45 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026United Nations Convention on the International Effects of Judicial Sales of Ships Consent given 605 for, 3 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026EU-China Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV Consent given 603 for, 3 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026EU-Lebanon Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting, participation of Lebanon in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) Consent given 618 for, 6 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/005 AT/KTM - Austria Passed 584 for, 39 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/007 BE/Casa - Belgium Passed 575 for, 48 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Union framework for the national calculation of life-cycle global warming potential Objection failed 208 for, 414 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Global Gateway – past impacts and future orientation Adopted 371 for, 146 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2026Calculation of emission credits for heavy-duty vehicles for the reporting periods of the years 2025 to 2029 Passed 473 for, 81 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspects Passed 537 for, 2 against, 24 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine Adopted 479 for, 17 against, 43 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026The arbitrary detention of President Mohamed Bazoum by the junta in Niger Adopted 524 for, 2 against, 29 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Case of Elene Khoshtaria and political prisoners under the Georgian Dream regime Adopted 438 for, 37 against, 81 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
12 Mar 2026Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2024 Rejected 233 for, 250 against, 76 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Passed 458 for, 103 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law Consent given 455 for, 101 against, 74 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026EU-Ecuador Agreement: cooperation between Europol and the Ecuadorian authorities competent for combating serious crime and terrorism Consent given 586 for, 21 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/004 BE/Tupperware – Belgium Passed 562 for, 53 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission Adopted 446 for, 100 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Adopted 458 for, 72 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Adopted 392 for, 219 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Adopted 404 for, 208 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026EU enlargement strategy Adopted 385 for, 147 against, 98 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 9 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242323
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202422
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129129
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245755
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 2024450
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254545
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253231
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 2025305
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228228
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251251
3 Apr 20256262
5 May 202554
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220219
8 May 2025103103
21 May 202520
22 May 2025530
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254140
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258787
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256968
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186186
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267251
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125125
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266767
21 Jan 2026112112
22 Jan 20265858
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 20261410
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197197
11 Mar 20266060
12 Mar 2026340
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225223
29 Apr 2026296295
30 Apr 20266868
18 May 202644
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 2026980
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127126
18 Jun 20267753
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 2026720
8 Jul 2026144143
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155154
16 Sept 20268079
17 Sept 2026124124

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Patriots

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marie-Luce BRASIER-CLAIN PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 398 shared74 %
Séverine WERBROUCK PatriotsFrance100 % of 4 732 shared74 %
Julien LEONARDELLI PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 116 shared74 %
Anne-Sophie FRIGOUT PatriotsFrance100 % of 4 817 shared74 %
Matthieu VALET PatriotsFrance100 % of 3 725 shared74 %
Valérie DELOGE PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 280 shared74 %
Marie DAUCHY PatriotsFrance100 % of 4 200 shared74 %
Gilles PENNELLE PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 335 shared74 %
Fabrice LEGGERI PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 226 shared74 %
Julie RECHAGNEUX PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 078 shared74 %

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Sarah KNAFO ESNFrance79 % of 4 145 shared70 %
Guillaume PELTIER ECRFrance78 % of 4 626 shared68 %
Laurence TROCHU ECRFrance77 % of 5 169 shared68 %
Marion MARÉCHAL ECRFrance76 % of 4 605 shared68 %
Nicolas BAY ECRFrance76 % of 4 918 shared68 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania74 % of 4 457 shared51 %
Volker SCHNURRBUSCH changed group ESNGermany71 % of 4 135 shared68 %
Roberto VANNACCI changed group ESNItaly71 % of 1 896 shared69 %
René AUST ESNGermany71 % of 4 932 shared70 %
Galato ALEXANDRAKI ECRGreece71 % of 3 624 shared68 %

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Constitutional AffairsAFCO CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Montenegro Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeD-ME Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-MD DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, including the EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary Committee and the EU-Kosovo Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeDSEE DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Christians in the Middle EastIG10-07 Intergroup / working groupMember20 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on the PoliceIG10-18 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now
Committee on PetitionsPETI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 202419 May 2025

Show all 7 seats

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

30 contributions recorded; 7 on behalf of their group; 53 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Devastating heatwaves, wildfires and droughts in Europe: lessons from summer 2026 (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Mar 2026Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
9 Mar 2026Order of business Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Situation in Northeast Syria, the violence against civilians and the need to maintain a sustainable ceasefire (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
20 Jan 2026Brutal repression against protesters in Iran (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 Jan 2026Motion of censure on the Commission (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
17 Dec 2025Implementation of the rule of law conditionality regime (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2025The situation of Christian communities and religious minorities in Nigeria and the Middle East, and Europe’s responsibility to protect them and guarantee freedom of conscience (topical debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
22 Oct 2025Allegations of espionage by the Hungarian government within the EU institutions (debate) Speech · 2 minRead

Show all 30 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 175

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
16 Sept 2026Massive data thefts: why is France still delaying transposing of the NIS2 Directive? E-10-2026-003691Written questionNot yet answered
16 Sept 2026Post-COVID recovery fund how much remains to be paid to France? E-10-2026-003692Written questionNot yet answered
21 Aug 2026Emergency powers: can the Commission bypass the European Parliament? E-10-2026-003303Written questionNot yet answered
21 Aug 2026Is the EU paving the way for widespread digital surveillance? E-10-2026-003304Written questionNot yet answered
21 Aug 2026European elections: does the EU want to impose the same rules on all Member States? E-10-2026-003302Written questionNot yet answered
23 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the spread of Sargassum and its impact on the outermost regions, notably Guadeloupe and Martinique B-10-2026-0372Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
23 Jul 2026Are the national parliaments still able to defend their countries’ competences? E-10-2026-003099Written question18 Sept 2026
20 Jul 2026Difficulties in interpreting Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 resulting from the concept of ‘week’ E-10-2026-003059Written questionwith 7 co-authors18 Sept 2026
17 Jul 2026Adapting EU energy performance policies in the light of extreme heat episodes O-10-2026-000032Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
16 Jul 2026Foreign influences in Brussels: who is paying to sway EU decisions? E-10-2026-003003Written question18 Sept 2026

Show all 175 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 15

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
29 Apr 2026Institutional aspects of artificial intelligence in the context of European integration AFCO-AM-787899 AFCO12
27 Mar 2026European political parties and foundations – 2026 report on the application of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 2025/2445 and on the activities funded AFCO-AM-786733 AFCO3
9 Feb 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 AFCO-AM-784339 AFCO6
17 Oct 2025Amendment of the European Electoral act, allowing Members to vote in plenary by proxy voting during pregnancy and after giving birth AFCO-AM-778335 AFCO2
3 Oct 2025Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2024 PETI-AM-778162 PETI47
18 Jul 2025Institutional consequences of the EU enlargement negotiations AFCO-AM-775662 AFCO16
14 Jul 2025Reform of the European Electoral Act – hurdles to ratification and implementation in the Member States AFCO-AM-775663 AFCO13
7 Jul 2025Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024 PETI-AM-775512 PETI22
5 Jun 2025Application of the Treaty provisions related to the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality and the role of national parliaments in the EU legislative process AFCO-AM-774332 AFCO6
4 Jun 2025Establishing harmonised requirements in the internal market on transparency of interest representation carried out on behalf of third countries and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937 AFCO-AM-774387 AFCO17

Show all 15 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation France National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197628?nb=all&page=4
Official source
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Jean-Paul GARRAUD”. Member record. memberId 197628. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197628?nb=all&page=4 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197628. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197628?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-member-197628,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Jean-Paul GARRAUD}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197628?nb=all&page=4}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197628?nb=all&page=4},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197628. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197628. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}