Skip to content

Member

Krzysztof BREJZA

EPP · Poland

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
92.5 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
91.8 %ⓘ of 5 485 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
KO Koalicja Obywatelska
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
284 of 5 211 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), LIBE
Member id
251324
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.5 %

5 485 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

EPP median: 89.9 % (+2.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

91.8 %

5 035 of 5 485 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 93.6 % (−1.8 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

5.5 %

284 of 5 211 votes where their group had a clear line

227 opposite (for ↔ against), 55 abstained against the line, 2 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

1.9 %

102 of 5 485 votes cast

Participation 92.5 % — EPP median 89.9 %, 196 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Krzysztof BREJZA92.5 %
EPP median89.9 %
Lowest in the group17.0 %
Highest in the group99.6 %
Members196
With majority line 91.8 % — EPP median 93.6 %, 196 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Krzysztof BREJZA91.8 %
EPP median93.6 %
Lowest in the group70.2 %
Highest in the group99.5 %
Members196
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
6 May 2025Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – Belgium Passed 598 for, 48 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Adopted 473 for, 59 against, 114 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
6 May 2025Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023 Adopted 340 for, 162 against, 150 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Establishing an EU talent pool Negotiating mandate approved 327 for, 229 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
3 Apr 2025Granting equivalence with EU requirements to Moldova and Ukraine as regards field inspections and production of seed Negotiating mandate approved 411 for, 191 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Passed 531 for, 69 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Adopted 432 for, 127 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Immediate risk of further repression by Lukashenka’s regime in Belarus - threats from the Investigative Committee Adopted 535 for, 19 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Passed 377 for, 279 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Agreements on Financial Mechanisms for the period May 2021 - April 2028 (EEA: EU-Iceland-Liechtenstein-Norway; Norwegian: EU-Norway); Additional Protocols to EEC-Norway Agreement and to EEC-Iceland Agreement Consent given 528 for, 121 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) Consent given 518 for, 104 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Agreement: cooperation between Eurojust and the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina competent for judicial cooperation in criminal matters Consent given 619 for, 9 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Adopted 441 for, 173 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) (Resolution) Adopted 605 for, 68 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Adopted 378 for, 188 against, 105 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 Adopted 399 for, 198 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 Adopted 390 for, 116 against, 126 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Urgent procedure agreed 427 for, 221 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Common data platform on chemicals, establishing a monitoring and outlook framework for chemicals Passed 481 for, 170 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals Agency Passed 482 for, 110 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks and improving cooperation among Union agencies in the area of chemicals Passed 486 for, 171 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Macro-financial assistance to Jordan Passed 571 for, 59 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Macro-financial assistance to Egypt Passed 452 for, 182 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Customs duties on imports of certain products originating in the USA Passed 593 for, 7 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Democracy and human rights in Thailand, notably the lese-majesty law and the deportation of Uyghur refugees Adopted 482 for, 57 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Severe political, humanitarian and human rights crisis in Sudan, in particular the sexual violence and child rape Adopted 575 for, 7 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by Azerbaijan Adopted 523 for, 3 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025EU-Norway Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff-rate quotas included in EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union Consent given 525 for, 5 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Agreement between Canada and the European Union on the transfer and processing of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data Consent given 521 for, 90 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Adopted 469 for, 162 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 Adopted 351 for, 260 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Adopted 442 for, 98 against, 126 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Adopted 419 for, 204 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria Adopted 462 for, 76 against, 106 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Establishing the Reform and Growth Facility for the Republic of Moldova Passed 499 for, 117 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Verification of credentials Adopted 643 for, 10 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025European Social Fund Plus post-2027 Adopted 432 for, 155 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Adopted 472 for, 75 against, 92 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Further deterioration of the political situation in Georgia Adopted 400 for, 63 against, 81 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Adopted 443 for, 4 against, 48 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025VAT: rules for the digital age Passed 589 for, 42 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025Administrative cooperation in the field of taxation Passed 608 for, 33 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025Genetically modified maize DP910521 Objection passed 477 for, 152 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
12 Feb 2025Genetically modified maize MON 95275 Objection passed 467 for, 156 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
11 Feb 2025Renewal of the Agreement on cooperation in science and technology between the European Community and Ukraine Consent given 591 for, 9 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025Conclusion, on behalf of the Union, of the Protocol (2024-2029) implementing the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Cabo Verde Consent given 507 for, 76 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025Conclusion of an agreement between the European Union and the government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh on certain aspects of air services Consent given 562 for, 17 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025European Central Bank – annual report 2024 Adopted 378 for, 233 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Systematic repression of human rights in Iran, notably the cases of Pakhshan Azizi and Wrisha Moradi, and the taking of EU citizens as hostages Adopted 556 for, 6 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Case of Boualem Sansal in Algeria Adopted 533 for, 24 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 15 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242323
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202420
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202443
21 Oct 202420
22 Oct 2024109
23 Oct 2024129128
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245754
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254541
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 2025300
10 Mar 202520
11 Mar 202598
12 Mar 2025228218
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202530
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251250
3 Apr 20256262
5 May 202555
6 May 2025100
7 May 20252200
8 May 20251030
21 May 202522
22 May 20255353
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259190
19 Jun 20258783
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 202510199
10 Sept 20253433
11 Sept 20256966
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251312
22 Oct 2025186184
23 Oct 20255553
13 Nov 2025267264
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125125
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256665
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254241
20 Jan 20266767
21 Jan 2026112111
22 Jan 20265858
9 Feb 202620
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 2026141141
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197197
11 Mar 20266060
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202620
28 Apr 2026225224
29 Apr 2026296295
30 Apr 20266868
18 May 202640
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 20269898
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127127
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267271
8 Jul 2026144141
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155154
16 Sept 20268078
17 Sept 2026124124

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Andrzej HALICKI EPPPoland98 % of 4 974 shared89 %
Michał WAWRYKIEWICZ EPPPoland98 % of 4 970 shared89 %
Ewa KOPACZ EPPPoland98 % of 5 431 shared89 %
Mirosława NYKIEL EPPPoland97 % of 4 877 shared89 %
Jagna MARCZUŁAJTIS-WALCZAK EPPPoland97 % of 5 150 shared89 %
Kamila GASIUK-PIHOWICZ EPPPoland97 % of 5 359 shared89 %
Andrzej BUŁA EPPPoland97 % of 5 010 shared89 %
Elżbieta Katarzyna ŁUKACIJEWSKA EPPPoland97 % of 5 233 shared89 %
Dariusz JOŃSKI EPPPoland97 % of 5 398 shared89 %
Łukasz KOHUT EPPPoland97 % of 5 322 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia84 % of 4 903 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania84 % of 4 822 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania84 % of 4 008 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium84 % of 5 304 shared82 %
Ivars IJABS RenewLatvia83 % of 4 464 shared82 %
Sophie WILMÈS RenewBelgium83 % of 4 022 shared82 %
Dan NICA S&DRomania83 % of 3 388 shared75 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland83 % of 4 283 shared82 %
Jérémy DECERLE RenewFrance83 % of 2 969 shared82 %
Benoit CASSART RenewBelgium83 % of 5 008 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute23 Oct 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-MD DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Anti-CorruptionIG10-01 Intergroup / working groupMember16 Jan 2025now
Committee on Legal AffairsJURI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 202422 Oct 2024

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationLIBE31 Aug 2026
Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act)Shadow rapporteur for an opinionLIBE10 Feb 2026
-Official delegationDEPA20 Oct 2025
Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of workShadow rapporteur for an opinionLIBE3 Jun 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationLIBE13 May 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationLIBE24 Apr 2025
nomination as Shadow Rapporteur for the file on the Proposal for a Council regulation on the issuance of and technical standards for digital travel credentials based on identity cards (2024/0248(CNS)).Shadow rapporteurLIBE13 Dec 2024

Show all 7 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

17 contributions recorded; 1 on behalf of their group; 25 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 17 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 59

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
13 Jul 2026Missing and runaway children as an indicator of violence, abuse and grooming E-10-2026-002868Written questionwith 15 co-authorsNot yet answered
2 Jun 2026Participation of EU officials in ISS World Europe security fair E-10-2026-002240Written questionwith 29 co-authors21 Sept 2026
2 Jun 2026Application of the Early Detection and Exclusion System to companies active in the cyber-surveillance sector, including those involved in spyware E-10-2026-002239Written questionwith 30 co-authors5 Aug 2026
27 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine B-10-2026-0215Motion for a resolutionwith 30 co-authors—
24 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on supporting democratic resilience in Armenia B-10-2026-0199Motion for a resolutionwith 17 co-authors—
22 Apr 2026Potential long-term neurological effects of artificial sweeteners and the need for an updated EU risk assessment E-10-2026-001645Written question3 Jul 2026
22 Apr 2026Strengthening EU security by addressing the use of Russian SIM cards in hybrid warfare activities E-10-2026-001646Written question18 Sept 2026
9 Apr 2026Threats to media freedom in Poland: concerns over the establishment of the new TV channel Newsmax Polska E-10-2026-001458Written questionwith 1 co-author23 Jun 2026
1 Apr 2026Concerns regarding the rule of law and fundamental rights in Georgia E-10-2026-001362Written questionwith 16 co-authors5 Jun 2026
26 Mar 2026Urgent disbursement of EU financial support related to Ukraine E-10-2026-001268Written questionwith 3 co-authors29 Jul 2026

Show all 59 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 12

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
1 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) LIBE-AM-790741 LIBE6
19 Mar 20262025 Commission report on Georgia AFET-AM-786711 AFET7
12 Feb 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield EUDS-AM-784405 EUDS1
12 Feb 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield EUDS-AM-784406 EUDS2
12 Feb 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield EUDS-AM-784407 EUDS1
12 Feb 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield EUDS-AM-784408 EUDS1
12 Feb 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield EUDS-AM-784367 EUDS4
23 Jul 2025Digitalisation, artificial intelligence and algorithmic management in the workplace – shaping the future of work LIBE-AM-775762 LIBE31
5 May 2025Application for the electronic submission of travel data (“EU Digital Travel application”) and amending Regulations (EU) 2016/399 and (EU) 2018/1726 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EC) No 2252/2004, as regards the use of digital travel credentials LIBE-AM-773186 LIBE16
29 Apr 20252023 and 2024 Commission reports on Georgia AFET-AM-773108 AFET12

Show all 12 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Krzysztof BREJZA”. Member record. memberId 251324. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/251324?page=11 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/251324. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/251324?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-251324,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Krzysztof BREJZA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/251324?page=11}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/251324?page=11},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 251324. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/251324. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}