Skip to content

Member

Liesbet SOMMEN

EPP · Belgium

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Belgium
Roll-call participation
94.2 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
96.9 %ⓘ of 584 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
CD&V Christen-Democratisch & Vlaams
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
14 of 542 votesⓘ
Committees
EMPL, ENVI (substitute), FEMM (substitute), SANT (substitute)
Member id
256889
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

94.2 %

584 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (+3.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

96.9 %

566 of 584 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (+1.4 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.6 %

14 of 542 votes where their group had a clear line

5 opposite (for ↔ against), 9 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.7 %

10 of 584 votes cast

Participation 94.2 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Liesbet SOMMEN94.2 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 96.9 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Liesbet SOMMEN96.9 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
6 May 2025Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – Belgium Passed 598 for, 48 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Adopted 473 for, 59 against, 114 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023 Adopted 340 for, 162 against, 150 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
3 Apr 2025Establishing an EU talent pool Negotiating mandate approved 327 for, 229 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Granting equivalence with EU requirements to Moldova and Ukraine as regards field inspections and production of seed Negotiating mandate approved 411 for, 191 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Passed 531 for, 69 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Adopted 432 for, 127 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Immediate risk of further repression by Lukashenka’s regime in Belarus - threats from the Investigative Committee Adopted 535 for, 19 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Passed 377 for, 279 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Agreements on Financial Mechanisms for the period May 2021 - April 2028 (EEA: EU-Iceland-Liechtenstein-Norway; Norwegian: EU-Norway); Additional Protocols to EEC-Norway Agreement and to EEC-Iceland Agreement Consent given 528 for, 121 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) Consent given 518 for, 104 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Agreement: cooperation between Eurojust and the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina competent for judicial cooperation in criminal matters Consent given 619 for, 9 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Adopted 441 for, 173 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) (Resolution) Adopted 605 for, 68 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Adopted 378 for, 188 against, 105 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 Adopted 399 for, 198 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 Adopted 390 for, 116 against, 126 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Urgent procedure agreed 427 for, 221 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Common data platform on chemicals, establishing a monitoring and outlook framework for chemicals Passed 481 for, 170 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals Agency Passed 482 for, 110 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks and improving cooperation among Union agencies in the area of chemicals Passed 486 for, 171 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Macro-financial assistance to Jordan Passed 571 for, 59 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Macro-financial assistance to Egypt Passed 452 for, 182 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Customs duties on imports of certain products originating in the USA Passed 593 for, 7 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Democracy and human rights in Thailand, notably the lese-majesty law and the deportation of Uyghur refugees Adopted 482 for, 57 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Severe political, humanitarian and human rights crisis in Sudan, in particular the sexual violence and child rape Adopted 575 for, 7 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by Azerbaijan Adopted 523 for, 3 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025EU-Norway Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff-rate quotas included in EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union Consent given 525 for, 5 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Agreement between Canada and the European Union on the transfer and processing of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data Consent given 521 for, 90 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Adopted 469 for, 162 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 Adopted 351 for, 260 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Adopted 442 for, 98 against, 126 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Adopted 419 for, 204 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria Adopted 462 for, 76 against, 106 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Establishing the Reform and Growth Facility for the Republic of Moldova Passed 499 for, 117 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Verification of credentials Adopted 643 for, 10 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025European Social Fund Plus post-2027 Adopted 432 for, 155 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Adopted 472 for, 75 against, 92 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Further deterioration of the political situation in Georgia Adopted 400 for, 63 against, 81 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Adopted 443 for, 4 against, 48 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025VAT: rules for the digital age Passed 589 for, 42 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025Administrative cooperation in the field of taxation Passed 608 for, 33 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025Genetically modified maize DP910521 Objection passed 477 for, 152 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Feb 2025Genetically modified maize MON 95275 Objection passed 467 for, 156 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Feb 2025Renewal of the Agreement on cooperation in science and technology between the European Community and Ukraine Consent given 591 for, 9 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025Conclusion, on behalf of the Union, of the Protocol (2024-2029) implementing the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Cabo Verde Consent given 507 for, 76 against, 16 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025Conclusion of an agreement between the European Union and the government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh on certain aspects of air services Consent given 562 for, 17 against, 3 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025European Central Bank – annual report 2024 Adopted 378 for, 233 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Systematic repression of human rights in Iran, notably the cases of Pakhshan Azizi and Wrisha Moradi, and the taking of EU citizens as hostages Adopted 556 for, 6 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Case of Boualem Sansal in Algeria Adopted 533 for, 24 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 6 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Wouter BEKE EPPBelgium98 % of 5 492 shared89 %
Manfred WEBER EPPGermany95 % of 4 556 shared89 %
Willemien KONING EPPNetherlands94 % of 1 836 shared89 %
Isabel WISELER-LIMA EPPLuxembourg94 % of 5 525 shared89 %
Rasa JUKNEVIČIENĖ EPPLithuania94 % of 4 716 shared89 %
Martine KEMP EPPLuxembourg94 % of 4 654 shared89 %
Pekka TOVERI EPPFinland94 % of 5 049 shared89 %
Sandra KALNIETE EPPLatvia94 % of 5 220 shared89 %
Mika AALTOLA EPPFinland94 % of 4 771 shared89 %
Siegfried MUREŞAN EPPRomania94 % of 5 548 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia90 % of 5 148 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium90 % of 5 497 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania90 % of 5 014 shared82 %
Olivier CHASTEL RenewBelgium89 % of 5 117 shared82 %
Sophie WILMÈS RenewBelgium89 % of 3 949 shared82 %
Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON RenewFinland89 % of 5 099 shared82 %
Elsi KATAINEN RenewFinland89 % of 5 562 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland88 % of 4 454 shared82 %
Stine BOSSE RenewDenmark88 % of 5 589 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania88 % of 4 151 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Employment and Social AffairsEMPL CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeSubstitute20 Jan 2025now
Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender EqualityFEMM CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Public HealthSANT CommitteeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with BelarusD-BY DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for Northern cooperation and for relations with Switzerland and Norway and to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA) Joint Parliamentary CommitteeDEEA DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Cancer and Rare DiseasesIG10-05 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Children’s RightsIG10-06 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on DemographyIG10-09 Intergroup / working groupMember3 Feb 2025now

Show all 19 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Finland - EGF/2026/004 FI/Etelä-Suomi and Helsinki-Uusimaa paperShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL21 Sept 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Spain – EGF/2026/002 ES/Galicia automotive ancillaryShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL7 Sept 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium – EGF/2026/001 BE/CoraShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL7 Sept 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Finland – EGF/2026/003 FI/Valmet AutomotiveShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL7 Sept 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium – EGF/2025/009 BE/SoliverOpinion rapporteurEMPL19 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationEMPL19 Mar 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium – EGF/2025/008 BE/LibertyShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL9 Mar 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium - EGF/2025/004 BE/TupperwareShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL23 Feb 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Austria - EGF/2025/005 AT/KTMShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL23 Feb 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium - EGF/2025/007 BE/CasaShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL23 Feb 2026

Show all 24 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

17 contributions recorded, 3 written statements; 6 on behalf of their group; 25 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 17 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 46

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
13 Jul 2026Support for the development of sexual assault centres in the EU E-10-2026-002872Written questionwith 20 co-authorsNot yet answered
3 Jul 2026Follow-up to the European Citizens’ Panel on Preparedness E-10-2026-002778Written questionwith 9 co-authors21 Aug 2026
10 Mar 2026German Bundeskartellamt inquiry into Amazon pricing practices E-10-2026-000989Written questionwith 24 co-authors5 May 2026
10 Feb 2026Urgent call for concrete short-term action to address the crisis in the European chemical sector P-10-2026-000556Priority written questionwith 2 co-authors19 Mar 2026
10 Feb 2026Need for a European limit on the number of children per sperm or egg donor E-10-2026-000557Written question9 Apr 2026
9 Feb 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on World Cancer Day B-10-2026-0141Motion for a resolutionwith 18 co-authors—
20 Jan 2026Commercialising last hope to cancer patients who have exhausted all other treatment options E-10-2026-000200Written question31 Mar 2026
18 Dec 2025Use of Eurokey by the elderly and people with disabilities E-10-2025-005021Written question23 Feb 2026
8 Dec 2025Ban on the sale of nitrous oxide to the general public O-10-2025-000046Oral questionwith 42 co-authorsNot yet answered
19 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protection of EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materials B-10-2025-0500Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—

Show all 46 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 53

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
11 Sept 2026Modernised rules for patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare SANT-AM-792014 SANT35
11 Sept 2026Modernised rules for patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare SANT-AM-792154 SANT21
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790937 CJ537
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790939 CJ534
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790935 CJ539
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790936 CJ536
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790005 CJ534
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790932 CJ532
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790934 CJ534
19 Jun 2026Clean corporate vehicles CJ46-AM-789892 CJ462

Show all 53 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Belgium National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Liesbet SOMMEN”. Member record. memberId 256889. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256889?page=11&scope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256889. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256889?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-256889,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Liesbet SOMMEN}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256889?page=11&scope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256889?page=11&scope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256889. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256889. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}