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Member

Javier ZARZALEJOS

EPP · Spain

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Spain
Roll-call participation
94.9 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
93.5 %ⓘ of 5 623 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 93.6 %
More facts (4)
National party
PP Partido Popular
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
225 of 5 365 votesⓘ
Member id
197606
More
Cite this page EP profile (opens the official site)
Link to this page

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term2024 (from July)20252026
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928

Roll-call participation ⓘ

94.9 %

5 623 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

EPP median: 89.9 % (+4.9 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.5 %

5 256 of 5 623 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 93.6 % (−0.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

4.2 %

225 of 5 365 votes where their group had a clear line

156 opposite (for ↔ against), 65 abstained against the line, 4 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

2.0 %

113 of 5 623 votes cast

Participation 94.9 % — EPP median 89.9 %, 196 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Javier ZARZALEJOS94.9 %
EPP median89.9 %
Lowest in the group17.0 %
Highest in the group99.6 %
Members196
With majority line 93.5 % — EPP median 93.6 %, 196 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Javier ZARZALEJOS93.5 %
EPP median93.6 %
Lowest in the group70.2 %
Highest in the group99.5 %
Members196
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Show Final votesAll roll calls
Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
6 May 2025Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – Belgium Passed 598 for, 48 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Adopted 473 for, 59 against, 114 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023 Adopted 340 for, 162 against, 150 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Establishing an EU talent pool Negotiating mandate approved 327 for, 229 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Granting equivalence with EU requirements to Moldova and Ukraine as regards field inspections and production of seed Negotiating mandate approved 411 for, 191 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Passed 531 for, 69 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2026 – Section I – European Parliament Adopted 432 for, 127 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Immediate risk of further repression by Lukashenka’s regime in Belarus - threats from the Investigative Committee Adopted 535 for, 19 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Passed 377 for, 279 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Agreements on Financial Mechanisms for the period May 2021 - April 2028 (EEA: EU-Iceland-Liechtenstein-Norway; Norwegian: EU-Norway); Additional Protocols to EEC-Norway Agreement and to EEC-Iceland Agreement Consent given 528 for, 121 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) Consent given 518 for, 104 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Agreement: cooperation between Eurojust and the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina competent for judicial cooperation in criminal matters Consent given 619 for, 9 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Adopted 441 for, 173 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) (Resolution) Adopted 605 for, 68 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Adopted 378 for, 188 against, 105 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2024 Adopted 399 for, 198 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Human rights and democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2024 Adopted 390 for, 116 against, 126 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Urgent procedure agreed 427 for, 221 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Common data platform on chemicals, establishing a monitoring and outlook framework for chemicals Passed 481 for, 170 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks to the European Chemicals Agency Passed 482 for, 110 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Re-attribution of scientific and technical tasks and improving cooperation among Union agencies in the area of chemicals Passed 486 for, 171 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Macro-financial assistance to Jordan Passed 571 for, 59 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Macro-financial assistance to Egypt Passed 452 for, 182 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
1 Apr 2025Customs duties on imports of certain products originating in the USA Passed 593 for, 7 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Democracy and human rights in Thailand, notably the lese-majesty law and the deportation of Uyghur refugees Adopted 482 for, 57 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Severe political, humanitarian and human rights crisis in Sudan, in particular the sexual violence and child rape Adopted 575 for, 7 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Mar 2025Unlawful detention and sham trials of Armenian hostages, including high-ranking political representatives from Nagorno-Karabakh, by Azerbaijan Adopted 523 for, 3 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025EU-Norway Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff-rate quotas included in EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union Consent given 525 for, 5 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Agreement between Canada and the European Union on the transfer and processing of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data Consent given 521 for, 90 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Adopted 469 for, 162 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 Adopted 351 for, 260 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Adopted 442 for, 98 against, 126 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Adopted 419 for, 204 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025The need for EU support towards a just transition and reconstruction in Syria Adopted 462 for, 76 against, 106 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Establishing the Reform and Growth Facility for the Republic of Moldova Passed 499 for, 117 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Verification of credentials Adopted 643 for, 10 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025European Social Fund Plus post-2027 Adopted 432 for, 155 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Adopted 472 for, 75 against, 92 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Further deterioration of the political situation in Georgia Adopted 400 for, 63 against, 81 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Adopted 443 for, 4 against, 48 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025VAT: rules for the digital age Passed 589 for, 42 against, 10 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025Administrative cooperation in the field of taxation Passed 608 for, 33 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2025Genetically modified maize DP910521 Objection passed 477 for, 152 against, 20 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
12 Feb 2025Genetically modified maize MON 95275 Objection passed 467 for, 156 against, 18 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
11 Feb 2025Renewal of the Agreement on cooperation in science and technology between the European Community and Ukraine Consent given 591 for, 9 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025Conclusion, on behalf of the Union, of the Protocol (2024-2029) implementing the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Cabo Verde Consent given 507 for, 76 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025Conclusion of an agreement between the European Union and the government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh on certain aspects of air services Consent given 562 for, 17 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2025European Central Bank – annual report 2024 Adopted 378 for, 233 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Systematic repression of human rights in Iran, notably the cases of Pakhshan Azizi and Wrisha Moradi, and the taking of EU citizens as hostages Adopted 556 for, 6 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Case of Boualem Sansal in Algeria Adopted 533 for, 24 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 10 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242323
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202422
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249291
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241817
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129128
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202420
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245757
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244544
20 Jan 202520
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254541
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253229
12 Feb 2025100
13 Feb 2025300
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228224
13 Mar 20252423
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251240
3 Apr 20256255
5 May 202550
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220217
8 May 202510386
21 May 202522
22 May 2025530
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259190
19 Jun 20258784
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134130
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256969
6 Oct 202520
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255553
9 Oct 20256564
20 Oct 202530
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186181
23 Oct 20255554
13 Nov 2025267263
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257574
26 Nov 202510099
27 Nov 2025125123
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256665
17 Dec 20254342
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266765
21 Jan 2026112107
22 Jan 20265856
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263836
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 2026141133
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197196
11 Mar 20266059
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266967
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225221
29 Apr 2026296292
30 Apr 20266863
18 May 202644
19 May 202630
20 May 20269690
21 May 20269896
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127125
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267272
8 Jul 2026144138
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155148
16 Sept 20268030
17 Sept 2026124121

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Alma EZCURRA ALMANSA EPPSpain99 % of 1 900 shared89 %
Pablo ARIAS ECHEVERRÍA EPPSpain99 % of 5 197 shared89 %
Isabel BENJUMEA BENJUMEA EPPSpain99 % of 5 547 shared89 %
Fernando NAVARRETE ROJAS EPPSpain99 % of 5 434 shared89 %
Carmen CRESPO DÍAZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 855 shared89 %
Gabriel MATO EPPSpain98 % of 5 029 shared89 %
Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE EPPSpain98 % of 4 937 shared89 %
Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER EPPSpain98 % of 5 332 shared89 %
Dolors MONTSERRAT EPPSpain98 % of 5 084 shared89 %
Susana SOLÍS PÉREZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 697 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia84 % of 5 076 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany84 % of 3 769 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania83 % of 5 005 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands83 % of 4 246 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium83 % of 5 444 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland83 % of 4 425 shared82 %
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands83 % of 4 975 shared82 %
Olivier CHASTEL RenewBelgium83 % of 5 070 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany83 % of 5 448 shared82 %
Marie-Agnes STRACK-ZIMMERMANN RenewGermany82 % of 4 600 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

48 contributions recorded; 10 on behalf of their group; 78 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
17 Jun 2026Protecting children’s safety and mental health from the risks posed by social media – our duty to act now (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Recruitment of children by organised crime (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
20 May 2026Rights, support and protection of victims of crime (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
29 Apr 2026The need for targeted criminal provisions and platforms’ responsibility to effectively address cyberbullying and online harassment (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026The need for targeted criminal provisions and platforms’ responsibility to effectively address cyberbullying and online harassment (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
28 Apr 2026The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
27 Apr 2026Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
27 Apr 2026Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 21

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
11 Sept 2026Ceuta migrant crisis E-10-2026-003642Written questionwith 3 co-authorsNot yet answered
4 Sept 2026Direct applicability of the regulations comprising the Migration and Asylum Pact P-10-2026-003509Priority written questionwith 4 co-authorsNot yet answered
27 Aug 2026Urgent enhancement of maritime surveillance, European cooperation to tackle the use of high-powered vessels by criminal human and drug trafficking networks E-10-2026-003351Written questionwith 2 co-authorsNot yet answered
15 Jul 2026The upcoming EU anti-corruption strategy O-10-2026-000031Oral questionNot yet answered
13 Jul 2026Missing and runaway children as an indicator of violence, abuse and grooming E-10-2026-002868Written questionwith 15 co-authorsNot yet answered
9 Jul 2026Document fraud in extraordinary regularisation processes and protecting the integrity of the Schengen area E-10-2026-002850Written questionwith 3 co-authors1 Sept 2026
9 Jul 2026Mass granting of Spanish citizenship by descent, document authenticity and governance of the Schengen area E-10-2026-002849Written questionwith 3 co-authors18 Sept 2026
24 Jun 2026Timeline and scope of the forthcoming simplification package on fisheries legislation to support the competitiveness of the EU fleet E-10-2026-002596Written questionwith 13 co-authors20 Aug 2026
10 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the recruitment of children by organised crime B-10-2026-0275Motion for a resolutionwith 33 co-authors—
4 Jun 2026Possible misappropriation of campaign funds for the 2024 European Parliament elections E-10-2026-002309Written questionwith 1 co-authorNot yet answered

Show all 21 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 17

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
27 Apr 2026Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 CJ05-AM-787838 CJ051
10 Feb 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application LIBE-AM-784377 LIBE1
15 Dec 2025The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report – annual report 2025 LIBE-AM-781446 LIBE18
18 Nov 2025Monitoring the application of European Union law in 2023, 2024 and 2025 JURI-AM-779701 JURI7
10 Jul 2025Protection of minors online IMCO-AM-775649 IMCO10
10 Jul 2025Protection of minors online IMCO-AM-774602 IMCO9
9 Jul 2025Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775460 JURI1
8 Jul 2025Amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775459 JURI3
4 Jul 2025Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775458 JURI1
4 Jul 2025Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775457 JURI2

Show all 17 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Spain National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=11&vscope=final
Official source
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Javier ZARZALEJOS”. Member record. memberId 197606. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=11&vscope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197606. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197606?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-member-197606,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Javier ZARZALEJOS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=11&vscope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=11&vscope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197606. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197606. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}