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Member

Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA

EPP · Spain

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Spain
Roll-call participation
79.8 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
96.0 %ⓘ of 495 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
PP Partido Popular
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
11 of 457 votesⓘ
Committees
AGRI (substitute), ENVI (vice-chair), REGI (substitute), TRAN (substitute)
Member id
22418
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

79.8 %

495 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (−10.7 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

96.0 %

475 of 495 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (+0.4 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.4 %

11 of 457 votes where their group had a clear line

9 opposite (for ↔ against), 2 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.0 %

5 of 495 votes cast

Participation 79.8 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA79.8 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 96.0 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA96.0 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
11 Mar 2026Recommendation on enhanced EU-Canada cooperation in the current geopolitical context, including the threats to Canada’s economic stability and sovereignty Adopted 482 for, 108 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Tackling barriers to the single market for defence Adopted 393 for, 169 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Flagship European defence projects of common interest Adopted 448 for, 122 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026Harmonising certain aspects of insolvency law Passed 498 for, 90 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026Establishing an EU talent pool Passed 414 for, 182 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026Increased efficiency of the External Action Guarantee Passed 441 for, 105 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026European Union regulatory fitness and subsidiarity and proportionality – report on Better Law-Making covering 2023 and 2024 Adopted 493 for, 92 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housing Adopted 367 for, 166 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026Public access to documents - report 2022 - 2024 Adopted 602 for, 9 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026Copyright and generative artificial intelligence – opportunities and challenges Adopted 460 for, 71 against, 88 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026Fisheries management approaches for safeguarding sensitive species, tackling invasive species and benefiting local economies Adopted 528 for, 21 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026The upcoming European Research Area (ERA) Act Adopted 399 for, 78 against, 69 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Feb 2026Four years of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and European contributions to a just peace and sustained security for Ukraine Adopted 437 for, 82 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Cooperation among enforcement authorities regarding unfair trading practices in the agri-food supply chain Passed 555 for, 0 against, 26 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Post-election situation in Uganda and threats against opposition leader Bobi Wine Adopted 514 for, 3 against, 56 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Systemic oppression, inhumane conditions and arbitrary detentions by the regime in Iran Adopted 524 for, 3 against, 41 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Targeted expulsions of foreign journalists and foreign Christians in Türkiye under national security pretexts Adopted 502 for, 2 against, 59 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Developing a new EU anti-poverty strategy Adopted 385 for, 141 against, 53 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Addressing subcontracting chains and the role of intermediaries in order to protect workers’ rights Adopted 332 for, 209 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Recommendation to the Council on EU priorities for the 70th session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women Adopted 340 for, 141 against, 68 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Feb 2026Situation in Northeast Syria, the violence against civilians and the need to maintain a sustainable ceasefire Adopted 363 for, 71 against, 81 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Feb 2026Regulation implementing enhanced cooperation on the establishment of the Ukraine Support Loan for 2026 and 2027 Passed 458 for, 140 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2024/792 establishing the Ukraine Facility Passed 473 for, 140 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2026Amending the multiannual financial framework for the years 2021 to 2027 Consent given 490 for, 130 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2025/006 BE/Audi – Belgium Passed 593 for, 55 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2026Genetically modified soybean DBN-09004-6 Objection passed 461 for, 169 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Feb 2026Genetically modified maize T25 (ACS-ZMØØ3-2) Objection passed 462 for, 169 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Feb 2026Genetically modified cotton T304-40 Objection passed 428 for, 156 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Feb 2026Genetically modified cotton GHB614 × LLCotton25 Objection passed 463 for, 164 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Feb 2026Interim report in view of the consent procedure on the Agreement establishing an association between the EU and the Principality of Andorra and the Republic of San Marino Interim report adopted 552 for, 24 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Feb 2026EU strategic defence and security partnerships Adopted 440 for, 119 against, 85 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Establishment of a list of safe countries of origin at Union level Passed 408 for, 184 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Application of the ‘safe third country’ concept Passed 396 for, 226 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Amending regulations on agricultural products as regards market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine products Passed 625 for, 15 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Amending the Measuring Instruments Directive Passed 594 for, 25 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural products Passed 483 for, 102 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Framework for achieving climate neutrality Passed 413 for, 226 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Union designs (codification) Passed 613 for, 5 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Adopted 443 for, 71 against, 117 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Motion of censure on the Commission Rejected 165 for, 390 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
22 Jan 2026Conviction and imminent sentencing of Jimmy Lai in Hong Kong Adopted 503 for, 9 against, 100 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Case of Joseph Figueira Martin in the Central African Republic Adopted 582 for, 0 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Drones and new systems of warfare – the EU’s need to adapt to be fit for today’s security challenges Adopted 483 for, 68 against, 76 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Choice of performance indicators for audit and budgetary control in the context of financing measures to support the implementation of future European competitiveness Adopted 318 for, 247 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026European technological sovereignty and digital infrastructure Adopted 471 for, 68 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Brutal repression against protesters in Iran Adopted 562 for, 9 against, 57 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Adopted 385 for, 165 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 Jan 2026Air passenger rights Amendments 1 + 243 (voted as one) adopted 632 for, 15 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 Jan 2026EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Agreement on operational activities carried out by the European Border and Coast Guard Agency in Bosnia and Herzegovina Consent given 565 for, 83 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 Jan 2026Enhanced cooperation on the establishment of a Loan for Ukraine Consent given 499 for, 135 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 14 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Carmen CRESPO DÍAZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 064 shared89 %
Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER EPPSpain98 % of 4 224 shared89 %
Rosa ESTARÀS FERRAGUT EPPSpain98 % of 3 610 shared89 %
Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE EPPSpain98 % of 3 857 shared89 %
Borja GIMÉNEZ LARRAZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 356 shared89 %
Susana SOLÍS PÉREZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 218 shared89 %
Alma EZCURRA ALMANSA EPPSpain98 % of 1 806 shared89 %
Dolors MONTSERRAT EPPSpain98 % of 4 039 shared89 %
Esteban GONZÁLEZ PONS EPPSpain98 % of 3 979 shared89 %
Fernando NAVARRETE ROJAS EPPSpain98 % of 4 207 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia86 % of 3 915 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania85 % of 3 765 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany85 % of 3 115 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium85 % of 4 213 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland84 % of 3 652 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands84 % of 3 707 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany84 % of 4 225 shared82 %
Olivier CHASTEL RenewBelgium84 % of 4 099 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania84 % of 3 335 shared82 %
Anouk VAN BRUG RenewNetherlands84 % of 3 268 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentAGRI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeVice-chair20 Jan 2025now
Committee on Regional DevelopmentREGI CommitteeSubstitute6 Mar 2026now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeSubstitute6 Mar 2026now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Central America, including the EU-Central America Association Parliamentary CommitteeDCAM DelegationSubstitute23 Oct 2024now
Delegation for relations with MercosurDMER DelegationMember8 Sept 2025now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblySubstitute23 Oct 2024now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Cohesion Policy and Outermost RegionsIG10-08 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Mar 2025now
Intergroup on European Cultural Heritage, Ways of Saint James and other European Cultural RoutesIG10-11 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now

Show all 18 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Mision a Ciudad de Mexico de la Delegacion D-MexOfficial delegationDLAT10 Sept 2026
Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034Shadow rapporteur for an opinionTRAN4 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationENVI7 Apr 2026
Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034Shadow rapporteur for an opinionENVI26 Mar 2026
Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034RapporteurAGRI18 Mar 2026
DCAM Mission to GuatemalaOfficial delegationDCAM10 Feb 2026
Misión a Uruguay y Paraguay de la Delegación para las Relaciones con Mercosur.Official delegationDMER16 Oct 2025
No dossier namedVice-President8 Sept 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAGRI8 Sept 2025
Amending Regulations (EU) No 1308/2013, (EU) 2021/2115 and (EU) No 251/2014 as regards certain market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine productsRapporteurAGRI21 May 2025

Show all 13 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

16 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 26 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
25 Mar 2026Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Feb 2026Amending Regulations on agricultural products as regards market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine products (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Feb 2026Amending Regulations on agricultural products as regards market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine products (debate) Speech · 4 minRead
17 Dec 2025Preventing sexual harassment in public institutions: latest revelations and resignations in Spain and institutional responses (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
16 Dec 2025Presentation of the EU Cardiovascular Health Plan (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2025Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders (vote) SpeechRead
22 Oct 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead
7 May 2025Democratic legitimacy and the Commission’s continued authorisation of genetically modified organisms despite Parliament’s objections (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead

Show all 16 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 29

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Jul 2026Procedure for banning monacolin K E-10-2026-002725Written questionwith 3 co-authorsNot yet answered
5 May 2026Protection of downstream steel and aluminium-processing industries against combined effects of CBAM, global overcapacity and non-EU country subsidies E-10-2026-001826Written questionwith 1 co-author14 Jul 2026
16 Mar 2026Low emission zones P-10-2026-001069Priority written questionwith 3 co-authors13 May 2026
13 Mar 2026Simplifying cross-border sales in the internal market E-10-2026-001058Written questionwith 21 co-authors26 May 2026
2 Feb 2026ERDF funding and the Spanish railway network E-10-2026-000407Written questionwith 2 co-authors16 Apr 2026
29 Jan 2026Extraordinary regularisation of immigrants in Spain E-10-2026-000366Written questionwith 21 co-authors8 Apr 2026
19 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protection of EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materials B-10-2025-0500Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—
12 Nov 2025Action protocols for new outbreaks of lumpy skin disease P-10-2025-004478Priority written question10 Dec 2025
10 Nov 2025Collective EU action against the spread of ‘flavescence dorée’ in grapes E-10-2025-004443Written questionwith 10 co-authors19 Dec 2025
28 Oct 2025Impact assessment on animal welfare during transport E-10-2025-004230Written question9 Mar 2026

Show all 29 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 90

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792057 REGI15
7 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792058 REGI18
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790899 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790918 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790916 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790919 AGRI1
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790105 CJ712
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790159 CJ714
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790155 CJ7111
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790098 CJ713

Show all 90 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Spain National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA”. Member record. memberId 22418. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/22418?page=5&period=term&scope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/22418. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/22418?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-22418,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/22418?page=5&period=term&scope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/22418?page=5&period=term&scope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 22418. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/22418. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}