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Member

Christophe GRUDLER

Renew · France

Group
Renew
Country
France
Roll-call participation
92.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.7 %ⓘ of 572 votes where the group had a line · Renew median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
MoDem Mouvement Démocrate
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
13 of 529 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), ITRE, SEDE (substitute)
Member id
197557
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.9 %

576 of 620 final votes while in office

Renew median: 91.5 % (+1.4 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.7 %

536 of 572 votes where their group had a line

Renew median: 93.6 % (+0.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.5 %

13 of 529 votes where their group had a clear line

5 opposite (for ↔ against), 7 abstained against the line, 1 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

2.4 %

14 of 576 votes cast

Participation 92.9 % — Renew median 91.5 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Christophe GRUDLER92.9 %
Renew median91.5 %
Lowest in the group64.4 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members76
With majority line 93.7 % — Renew median 93.6 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Christophe GRUDLER93.7 %
Renew median93.6 %
Lowest in the group79.8 %
Highest in the group97.6 %
Members76
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Renew; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
16 Jun 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium – EGF/2025/009 BE/Soliver Passed 602 for, 47 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026European political parties and foundations – 2026 report on the application of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 2025/2445 and on the activities funded Adopted 426 for, 140 against, 107 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Countering transnational repression – towards an EU strategy to protect Europe’s sovereignty and democratic values Adopted 434 for, 128 against, 104 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Role of trade in strengthening the EU’s economic security Adopted 415 for, 105 against, 142 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Reinforcing development cooperation to address irregular population movements and their root causes in partner countries Adopted 344 for, 237 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
21 May 2026Amending Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions as regards requirements for securitisation exposures Negotiating mandate approved 294 for, 192 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 on securitisation and a specific framework for simple, transparent and standardised securitisation Negotiating mandate approved 294 for, 194 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Periodic roadworthiness tests and technical roadside inspection (Roadworthiness package) Negotiating mandate approved 369 for, 126 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Rights, support and protection of victims of crime Passed 440 for, 49 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Repression and execution of protesters, dissidents, political prisoners and religious minorities in Iran Adopted 516 for, 14 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Situation of women and girls in Afghanistan following the Taliban’s adoption of the Criminal Procedure Code for Courts Adopted 480 for, 5 against, 83 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026The cases of human rights and environmental defenders Andrie Yunus and Muhammad Rosidi in Indonesia Adopted 469 for, 38 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026The multiannual plan for the Baltic Sea and ways forward Adopted 337 for, 178 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Advancing towards a care society: addressing the gender care gap Adopted 263 for, 83 against, 154 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026The need to reduce work-related fatalities Adopted 395 for, 12 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Uzbekistan Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement Consent given 493 for, 104 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026International Agreement on Olive Oil and Table Olives: amendment of Article 36 Consent given 644 for, 1 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026United Nations Convention against Cybercrime Consent given 497 for, 91 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Lebanon Agreement on cooperation between Eurojust and the authorities of Lebanon competent for judicial cooperation in criminal matters Consent given 581 for, 12 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Cook Islands Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement (2025-2032): Implementing Protocol Consent given 476 for, 101 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EC-São Tomé and Príncipe Fisheries Partnership Agreement (2025–2029): Implementing Protocol Consent given 545 for, 89 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Canada Agreement laying down the conditions for the participation of Canadian legal entities and products originating in Canada to procurement under the SAFE Instrument Consent given 466 for, 169 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Uzbekistan Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (resolution) Adopted 423 for, 16 against, 208 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026The impact of the implementation of the Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89/EU on fisheries in selected fishing areas and sea basins Adopted 518 for, 31 against, 102 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Adopted 369 for, 160 against, 112 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Adopted 347 for, 165 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU trade Adopted 527 for, 62 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 May 2026Negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market Passed 606 for, 16 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 May 2026Screening of foreign investments in the Union Passed 508 for, 64 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 May 2026Research Fund for Coal and Steel: research programme and multiannual technical and financial guidelines Passed 537 for, 17 against, 83 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Convention Establishing an International Claims Commission for Ukraine Consent given 465 for, 57 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Escalating trafficking and exploitation by criminal groups in Haiti Adopted 511 for, 21 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026New Chinese law on ‘ethnic unity and progress’ and the intensified suppression of ethnic identities Adopted 439 for, 52 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Shortcomings and deficiencies of the ‘Amnesty Law’ in Venezuela Adopted 507 for, 31 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2027 – Section I – European Parliament Adopted 401 for, 116 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Financial literacy and the rise of finfluencers in the context of the savings and investments union Adopted 502 for, 46 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026How to secure a sustainable future for the EU livestock sector in light of the need to ensure food security, farmers’ resilience and the challenges posed by animal diseases? Adopted 426 for, 119 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Women’s entrepreneurship in rural and island areas and outermost regions Adopted 404 for, 102 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Banking Union – annual report 2025 Adopted 376 for, 187 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine Adopted 446 for, 63 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Supporting democratic resilience in Armenia Adopted 476 for, 47 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Simplification of certain requirements and procedures for chemical products Passed 540 for, 60 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
29 Apr 2026Market stability reserve for the buildings, road transport and additional sector Passed 433 for, 120 against, 91 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026European Chemicals Agency and amending regulations Passed 526 for, 56 against, 69 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Amendment of the European Electoral Act allowing Members to vote in plenary by proxy voting during pregnancy and after giving birth Consent given 616 for, 24 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026EU-Iceland agreement on transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data to prevent, detect, investigate and prosecute terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 532 for, 75 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026International Cocoa Agreement Consent given 601 for, 13 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026EU-USA-Iceland-Norway Air Transport Agreement, and EU-Iceland-Norway Ancillary Agreement on the application of the Air Transport Agreement Consent given 631 for, 6 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026EU-Norway Agreement on transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 532 for, 72 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: EU general budget – Commission Discharge decision adopted 418 for, 207 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 5 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Renew

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marie-Pierre VEDRENNE Former memberRenewFrance98 % of 2 268 shared92 %
Bernard GUETTA RenewFrance98 % of 4 870 shared92 %
Valérie DEVAUX RenewFrance98 % of 5 053 shared92 %
Fabienne KELLER RenewFrance97 % of 5 378 shared92 %
Valérie HAYER RenewFrance97 % of 5 224 shared92 %
Sandro GOZI RenewFrance97 % of 4 865 shared92 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance97 % of 4 906 shared92 %
Grégory ALLIONE RenewFrance97 % of 4 726 shared92 %
Stéphanie YON-COURTIN RenewFrance97 % of 4 527 shared92 %
Nathalie LOISEAU RenewFrance97 % of 4 423 shared92 %

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Dan NICA S&DRomania89 % of 3 299 shared86 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain89 % of 5 070 shared86 %
Carla TAVARES S&DPortugal89 % of 5 038 shared86 %
Isilda GOMES S&DPortugal88 % of 4 842 shared86 %
Laura BALLARÍN CEREZA S&DSpain88 % of 3 901 shared86 %
Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ S&DLithuania88 % of 5 172 shared86 %
Alicia HOMS GINEL S&DSpain88 % of 4 857 shared86 %
Jonás FERNÁNDEZ S&DSpain88 % of 5 048 shared86 %
Lina GÁLVEZ S&DSpain88 % of 4 773 shared86 %
Rosa SERRANO SIERRA S&DSpain88 % of 5 426 shared86 %

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for Northern cooperation and for relations with Switzerland and Norway and to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA) Joint Parliamentary CommitteeDEEA DelegationVice-chair9 Jul 2025now
Delegation for relations with the Mashreq countriesDMAS DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblySubstitute23 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Attracting Investment to Ensure a Competitive and Sustainable European UnionIG10-03 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Children’s RightsIG10-06 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Fighting against PovertyIG10-12 Intergroup / working groupMember24 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Sustainable LivestockIG10-15 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now

Show all 17 seats

Dossiers

Show all 18 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

40 contributions recorded; 19 on behalf of their group; 55 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Jul 2026Harnessing the potential of a competitive and sustainable EU Bioeconomy Strategy for EU strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 2026Presentation of the Action Plan on Cybersecurity and AI (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026Electrification Action Plan (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
15 Jun 2026Time for European economic independence (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Reviewing the ETS system to support European competitiveness (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
25 Mar 2026Energy security, independence and supply in the geopolitical context - ensuring market stability and affordable energy for industry and citizens (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
19 Jan 2026Order of business Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 20

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
2 Jul 2026EU financing instruments for the deployment of fusion energy infrastructure E-10-2026-002744Written questionwith 13 co-authors18 Sept 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
11 Jun 2026Small modular reactors E-10-2026-002408Written questionwith 25 co-authors20 Aug 2026
9 Apr 2026Ecodesign requirements for high-voltage switchgear critical to electricity grid expansion P-10-2026-001442Priority written questionwith 5 co-authors5 May 2026
3 Mar 2026Protection of EU officials and civil society against risks of privacy violations and foreign sanctions in relation to the implementation of the Digital Services Act E-10-2026-000880Written questionwith 23 co-authors20 May 2026
19 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protection of EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materials B-10-2025-0500Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—
12 Nov 2025Child-like sex dolls for sale: major e-commerce platforms failing to comply with EU law E-10-2025-004488Written questionwith 47 co-authors5 Jan 2026
2 Oct 2025New European firefighting hub in Cyprus E-10-2025-003858Written questionwith 9 co-authors5 Jan 2026
19 Sept 2025Suspension of the EU-Qatar agreement on air transport O-10-2025-000031Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Jul 2025Study on the potential costs and impact of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) on the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. E-10-2025-002988Written questionwith 24 co-authors26 Sept 2025

Show all 20 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 105

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792052 ITRE78
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792193 ITRE48
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791883 CJ722
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791873 CJ728
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-786820 CJ727
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791072 CJ7215
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791071 CJ7228
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791073 CJ726
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790968 CJ721
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790936 CJ534

Show all 105 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

  • Group Renew Europe Renew · Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism

National delegation

  • Delegation France National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Christophe GRUDLER”. Member record. memberId 197557. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197557?nb=all&page=3&scope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197557. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197557?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197557,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Christophe GRUDLER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197557?nb=all&page=3&scope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197557?nb=all&page=3&scope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197557. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197557. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}