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Member

Jaak MADISON

ECR · Estonia

Group
ECR
Country
Estonia
Roll-call participation
87.3 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
77.5 %ⓘ of 537 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
KE Eesti Keskerakond
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
84 of 454 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, INTA
Member id
197493
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

87.3 %

541 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (−4.7 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

77.5 %

416 of 537 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (−10.2 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

18.5 %

84 of 454 votes where their group had a clear line

35 opposite (for ↔ against), 31 abstained against the line, 18 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

14.4 %

78 of 541 votes cast

Participation 87.3 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Jaak MADISON87.3 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 77.5 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Jaak MADISON77.5 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
23 Jan 2025Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine Adopted 480 for, 58 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Situation in Venezuela following the usurpation of the presidency on 10 January 2025 Adopted 374 for, 53 against, 163 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Tie
22 Jan 2025Need for actions to address the continued oppression and fake elections in Belarus Adopted 567 for, 25 against, 66 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 Jan 2025EU/Republic of Serbia agreement on operational activities carried out by the European Border and Coast Guard Agency in the Republic of Serbia Consent given 505 for, 90 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Amending Directive 2009/38/EC as regards the establishment and functioning of European Works Councils and the effective enforcement of transnational information and consultation rights Negotiating mandate approved 300 for, 254 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Dec 2024Human rights situation in Kyrgyzstan, in particular the case of Temirlan Sultanbekov Adopted 492 for, 28 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 202411th year of the occupation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol by the Russian Federation and the deteriorating human rights situation in occupied Crimea, notably the cases of Iryna Danylovych, Tofik Abdulhaziiev and Amet Suleymanov Adopted 446 for, 25 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Continued repression of civil society and independent media in Azerbaijan and the cases of Dr Gubad Ibadoghlu, Anar Mammadli, Kamran Mammadli, Rufat Safarov and Meydan TV Adopted 434 for, 30 against, 89 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
19 Dec 2024Recommendation to the Council on the EU priorities for the 69th session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women Adopted 322 for, 163 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Tonga Consent given 545 for, 81 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Niue Consent given 543 for, 77 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the United Nations Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration Consent given 591 for, 7 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Tuvalu Consent given 533 for, 74 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Amendment of Annex VI – Powers and responsibilities of the standing committees Adopted 448 for, 161 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Setting up a Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield, and defining its responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office Adopted 441 for, 178 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
18 Dec 2024Setting up a Special Committee on the Housing Crisis in the European Union, and defining its responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office Adopted 480 for, 148 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Passed 546 for, 97 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Specific measures under the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) for Member States affected by natural disasters Passed 644 for, 6 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Dec 2024Regional Emergency Support: RESTORE Passed 638 for, 10 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Forest reproductive material of the ‘tested’ category Passed 499 for, 131 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2024/002 BE/Limburg machinery and paper – Belgium Passed 599 for, 50 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Dec 2024Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2023 Adopted 598 for, 17 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
28 Nov 2024Hong Kong, notably the cases of Jimmy Lai and the 45 activists recently convicted under the national security law Adopted 473 for, 23 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The increasing and systematic repression of women in Iran Adopted 562 for, 2 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The shrinking space for civil society in Cambodia, in particular the case of the labour rights organisation CENTRAL Adopted 492 for, 5 against, 102 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Adopted 444 for, 72 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Adopted 390 for, 135 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Rejected 152 for, 378 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1806 as regards Vanuatu Passed 627 for, 6 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund to provide assistance to Germany and Italy relating to floods occurred in 2024 Passed 660 for, 11 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Draft amending budget No 5/2024: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updates Passed 525 for, 75 against, 81 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
27 Nov 2024Measures to reduce incidental catches of common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and other small cetaceans in the Bay of Biscay Objection failed 123 for, 511 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 20242025 budgetary procedure: Joint text Adopted 418 for, 185 against, 67 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Rejected 154 for, 507 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Tie
27 Nov 2024Election of the Commission Commission elected 370 for, 282 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × NK603 Objection passed 474 for, 171 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified cotton COT102 Objection passed 496 for, 143 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × MON 88017 × 59122 and eight of its sub-combinations Objection passed 476 for, 169 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 810 Objection passed 464 for, 163 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP915635 Objection passed 478 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP23211 Objection passed 474 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP202216 Objection passed 478 for, 165 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 94804 Objection passed 468 for, 166 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Passed 371 for, 240 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Electronic value added tax exemption certificate Passed 621 for, 10 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Faster and Safer Relief of Excess Withholding Taxes Passed 555 for, 48 against, 42 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Amendment of the EIB’s Statute Passed 510 for, 105 against, 27 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Adopted 429 for, 183 against, 24 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Adopted 453 for, 31 against, 89 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Adopted 432 for, 60 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 9 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Stephen Nikola BARTULICA ECRCroatia87 % of 4 300 shared81 %
Michał DWORCZYK ECRPoland86 % of 3 574 shared81 %
Diego SOLIER changed group ECRSpain86 % of 4 433 shared81 %
Mariusz KAMIŃSKI ECRPoland86 % of 4 844 shared81 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland86 % of 4 424 shared81 %
Daniel OBAJTEK ECRPoland85 % of 4 179 shared81 %
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland85 % of 4 851 shared81 %
Patryk JAKI ECRPoland85 % of 4 567 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland85 % of 4 849 shared81 %
Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA ECRPoland85 % of 4 734 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain77 % of 4 340 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain76 % of 3 699 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 534 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 775 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 856 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain76 % of 3 868 shared68 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal76 % of 4 686 shared68 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland73 % of 4 417 shared67 %
Vilis KRIŠTOPANS PatriotsLatvia73 % of 4 475 shared68 %
Mieke ANDRIESE PatriotsNetherlands72 % of 2 319 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on DemographyIG10-09 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on DisabilityIG10-10 Intergroup / working groupMember11 Mar 2025now

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
I will participate at the mission to Dominican Republic as a INTA standing rapporteur for Central America and with the delegation for relations with Central America and Cuba. Official delegation16 Sept 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the Union, of the Agreement on Digital Trade between the European Union and the Republic of KoreaShadow rapporteurINTA16 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA16 Sept 2026
Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on EU engagement in the Horn of Africa – challenges and strategic prioritiesShadow rapporteurAFET8 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOpinion rapporteurINTA8 Sept 2026
Agreement in the form of an exchange of letters between the Union and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan relating to the modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European UnionShadow rapporteurINTA15 Apr 2026
Role of trade in strengthening the EU's economic securityShadow rapporteurINTA15 Apr 2026
No dossier namedRapporteurINTA4 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA25 Jun 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA29 Apr 2025

Show all 11 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

32 contributions recorded; 41 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026State of the Union (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026High time to deliver on the Single Market, providing certainty and predictability for EU businesses and quality jobs (continuation of debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026European Council meeting (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026European Council meeting (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 Jan 2026Territorial integrity and sovereignty of Greenland and the Kingdom of Denmark: the need for a united EU response to US blackmail attempts (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2025Preparation of the European Council meeting of 18-19 December 2025, in particular the need to support Ukraine, transatlantic relations and the EU’s strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2025EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for Ukraine (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
22 Oct 2025Preparation of the European Council meeting of 23 October 2025 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Oct 2025Preparation of the European Council meeting of 23 October 2025 (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
8 Oct 2025United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Sept 2025State of the Union (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
9 Jul 2025The EU’s post-2027 long-term budget: Parliament’s expectations ahead of the Commission’s proposal (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
18 Jun 2025Upcoming NATO summit on 24-26 June 2025 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2025Combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child sexual abuse material and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHA (recast) (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
6 May 2025A unified EU response to unjustified US trade measures and global trade opportunities for the EU (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
2 Apr 2025Topical debate (Rule 169) - Social Europe: making life affordable, protecting jobs, wages and health for all Speech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2025European Council meetings and European security (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Feb 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
23 Jan 2025Major interpellations (debate) Speech · 3 minRead
17 Dec 2024Toppling of the Syrian regime, its geopolitical implications and the humanitarian situation in the region (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Oct 2024Urgent need for a ceasefire in Lebanon and for safeguarding the UNIFIL mission in light of the recent attacks (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Oct 2024Urgent need for a ceasefire in Lebanon and for safeguarding the UNIFIL mission in light of the recent attacks (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
9 Oct 2024Presentation of the programme of activities of the Hungarian Presidency (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Oct 2024The crisis facing the EU’s automotive industry, potential plant closures and the need to enhance competitiveness and maintain jobs in Europe (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Oct 2024Preparation of the European Council of 17-18 October 2024 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Questions and motions, 35

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
27 Aug 2026The EU’s deadly anti-racism ideology: the death of Henry Nowak E-10-2026-003350Written questionwith 22 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland B-10-2026-0308Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
18 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Repression and execution of protesters, dissidents, political prisoners and religious minorities in Iran B-10-2026-0266Motion for a resolutionwith 17 co-authors—
22 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protecting places of worship in the EU from foreign political interference and state-linked influence operations B-10-2026-0187Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
8 Apr 2026Union Resettlement and Humanitarian Admission Framework Regulation E-10-2026-001410Written questionwith 25 co-authors18 Jun 2026
9 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine B-10-2026-0175Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
3 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on halting the expansion of mosques and Islamic centres in the EU B-10-2026-0154Motion for a resolutionwith 37 co-authors—
3 Mar 2026Visa requirement imposed by Nicaragua on certain EU citizens and application of the reciprocity mechanism P-10-2026-000868Priority written questionwith 9 co-authors31 Mar 2026
19 Jan 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the brutal repression against protestors in Iran B-10-2026-0083Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—

Show all 35 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 3

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
10 Dec 2025Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781316 INTA8
5 Dec 2025Addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781298 INTA9
3 Apr 2025Public procurement INTA-AM-772121 INTA1

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Estonia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Jaak MADISON”. Member record. memberId 197493. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=12&scope=final&speeches=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197493. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197493?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197493,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Jaak MADISON}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=12&scope=final&speeches=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=12&scope=final&speeches=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197493. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197493. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}