Member

Stefan BERGER

EPP · Germany

Group: EPP PPE
Country: Germany
Roll-call participation: 83.2 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line: 97.6 %ⓘ of 4 931 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 93.6 %

More facts (5)

National party: CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands
In office: Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line: 71 of 4 705 votesⓘ
Committees: ECON, ITRE (substitute)
Member id: 197410

National party: CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands
In office: Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line: 71 of 4 705 votesⓘ
Committees: ECON, ITRE (substitute)
Member id: 197410

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EP profile

Link to this page

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term 2024 (from July)2025 2026

Custom dates

Votes Final votes620 All roll calls5 928

Roll-call participation ⓘ

83.2 %

4 931 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

EPP median: 89.9 % (−6.7 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

97.6 %

4 813 of 4 931 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 93.6 % (+4.0 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.5 %

71 of 4 705 votes where their group had a clear line

57 opposite (for ↔ against), 13 abstained against the line, 1 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

0.9 %

44 of 4 931 votes cast

Participation 83.2 % — EPP median 89.9 %, 196 members.ⓘ

Data as a table

Participation among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
Figure	Participation
Stefan BERGER	83.2 %
EPP median	89.9 %
Lowest in the group	17.0 %
Highest in the group	99.6 %
Members	196

With majority line 97.6 % — EPP median 93.6 %, 196 members.ⓘ

Data as a table

With majority line among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
Figure	With majority line
Stefan BERGER	97.6 %
EPP median	93.6 %
Lowest in the group	70.2 %
Highest in the group	99.5 %
Members	196

Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
“No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Show Final votes All roll calls

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
Date	Decision	Result	Position	Majority line
29 Apr 2026	Discharge 2024: European Public Prosecutor’s Office	Discharge decision adopted 454 for, 161 against, 29 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026	Discharge 2024: Agencies	Discharge decision adopted 475 for, 107 against, 71 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026	Discharge 2024: Joint Undertakings	Discharge decision adopted 525 for, 104 against, 16 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026	Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/008 BE/Liberty - Belgium	Passed 586 for, 48 against, 16 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026	Genetically modified soybean MON 94637	Objection passed 412 for, 145 against, 11 abstained	Position: Against	Majority line: Against
29 Apr 2026	Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025	Adopted 328 for, 199 against, 98 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026	The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report	Adopted 387 for, 191 against, 46 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026	Monitoring the application of European Union law in 2023, 2024 and 2025	Adopted 416 for, 190 against, 15 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Generalised scheme of tariff preferences	Passed 459 for, 127 against, 70 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability	Passed 558 for, 35 against, 52 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Amendments to Biocidal Products Regulation as regards the extension of certain data protection periods	Passed 591 for, 54 against, 8 abstained	Position: No vote recorded	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: workers affected by imminent job displacement	Passed 566 for, 67 against, 26 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034	Interim report adopted 370 for, 201 against, 84 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Guidelines for the 2027 budget - Section III	Adopted 389 for, 191 against, 75 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Amendments to Parliament's Rules of Procedure concerning appointments to Union agencies and bodies (Rule 135)	Adopted 657 for, 0 against, 3 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2024	Adopted 377 for, 254 against, 31 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU	Adopted 447 for, 160 against, 43 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2024	Rejected 231 for, 389 against, 33 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	The role of ocean diplomacy for the competitiveness of EU fisheries and aquaculture	Adopted 430 for, 107 against, 115 abstained	Position: No vote recorded	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Control, transparency and traceability of performance-based instruments	Adopted 527 for, 85 against, 33 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Enhancing connectivity, preserving cultural heritage and driving local excellence in European tourism – destination management and regional tourism growth	Adopted 439 for, 42 against, 129 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026	Extension of the term of office of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield	Adopted 422 for, 202 against, 9 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation)	Negotiating mandate approved 389 for, 206 against, 32 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Combating corruption	Passed 581 for, 21 against, 42 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application	Failed 228 for, 311 against, 92 abstained	Position: Against	Majority line: Against
26 Mar 2026	Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America	Passed 417 for, 154 against, 71 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods	Passed 437 for, 144 against, 60 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Simplification of the implementation of harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Digital Omnibus on AI)	Passed 569 for, 45 against, 23 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	United Nations Convention on the International Effects of Judicial Sales of Ships	Consent given 605 for, 3 against, 9 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	EU-China Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV	Consent given 603 for, 3 against, 33 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	EU-Lebanon Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting, participation of Lebanon in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA)	Consent given 618 for, 6 against, 5 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/005 AT/KTM - Austria	Passed 584 for, 39 against, 13 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/007 BE/Casa - Belgium	Passed 575 for, 48 against, 10 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026	Union framework for the national calculation of life-cycle global warming potential	Objection failed 208 for, 414 against, 10 abstained	Position: Against	Majority line: Against
26 Mar 2026	Global Gateway – past impacts and future orientation	Adopted 371 for, 146 against, 80 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026	Calculation of emission credits for heavy-duty vehicles for the reporting periods of the years 2025 to 2029	Passed 473 for, 81 against, 9 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026	Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspects	Passed 537 for, 2 against, 24 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026	Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine	Adopted 479 for, 17 against, 43 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026	The arbitrary detention of President Mohamed Bazoum by the junta in Niger	Adopted 524 for, 2 against, 29 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026	Case of Elene Khoshtaria and political prisoners under the Georgian Dream regime	Adopted 438 for, 37 against, 81 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026	Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2024	Rejected 233 for, 250 against, 76 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application	Passed 458 for, 103 against, 63 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law	Consent given 455 for, 101 against, 74 abstained	Position: No vote recorded	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	EU-Ecuador Agreement: cooperation between Europol and the Ecuadorian authorities competent for combating serious crime and terrorism	Consent given 586 for, 21 against, 11 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/004 BE/Tupperware – Belgium	Passed 562 for, 53 against, 19 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission	Adopted 446 for, 100 against, 72 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors	Adopted 458 for, 72 against, 98 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026	Adopted 392 for, 219 against, 18 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026	Adopted 404 for, 208 against, 20 abstained	Position: No vote recorded	Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026	EU enlargement strategy	Adopted 385 for, 147 against, 98 abstained	Position: For	Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 29 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
Sitting	Roll calls	Voted in
17 Jul 2024	23	21
18 Jul 2024	1	1
16 Sept 2024	2	0
18 Sept 2024	2	2
19 Sept 2024	92	0
7 Oct 2024	2	0
8 Oct 2024	1	1
9 Oct 2024	18	17
10 Oct 2024	4	3
21 Oct 2024	2	2
22 Oct 2024	10	10
23 Oct 2024	129	127
24 Oct 2024	13	12
13 Nov 2024	2	2
14 Nov 2024	36	35
25 Nov 2024	2	0
26 Nov 2024	18	18
27 Nov 2024	11	11
28 Nov 2024	57	57
17 Dec 2024	13	13
18 Dec 2024	33	33
19 Dec 2024	45	41
20 Jan 2025	2	0
21 Jan 2025	1	1
22 Jan 2025	2	2
23 Jan 2025	45	39
10 Feb 2025	1	0
11 Feb 2025	32	32
12 Feb 2025	10	10
13 Feb 2025	30	29
10 Mar 2025	2	0
11 Mar 2025	9	9
12 Mar 2025	228	218
13 Mar 2025	24	0
31 Mar 2025	3	0
1 Apr 2025	35	35
2 Apr 2025	251	221
3 Apr 2025	62	53
5 May 2025	5	0
6 May 2025	10	10
7 May 2025	220	204
8 May 2025	103	100
21 May 2025	2	0
22 May 2025	53	50
16 Jun 2025	2	0
17 Jun 2025	41	41
18 Jun 2025	91	89
19 Jun 2025	87	0
7 Jul 2025	1	0
8 Jul 2025	55	55
9 Jul 2025	134	126
10 Jul 2025	36	35
8 Sept 2025	1	0
9 Sept 2025	101	99
10 Sept 2025	34	31
11 Sept 2025	69	67
6 Oct 2025	2	0
7 Oct 2025	5	5
8 Oct 2025	55	54
9 Oct 2025	65	65
20 Oct 2025	3	3
21 Oct 2025	13	12
22 Oct 2025	186	166
23 Oct 2025	55	55
13 Nov 2025	267	243
24 Nov 2025	3	3
25 Nov 2025	75	69
26 Nov 2025	100	100
27 Nov 2025	125	122
15 Dec 2025	4	0
16 Dec 2025	66	62
17 Dec 2025	43	43
18 Dec 2025	42	41
20 Jan 2026	67	63
21 Jan 2026	112	105
22 Jan 2026	58	55
9 Feb 2026	2	0
10 Feb 2026	38	38
11 Feb 2026	13	12
12 Feb 2026	141	0
24 Feb 2026	43	42
9 Mar 2026	1	0
10 Mar 2026	197	163
11 Mar 2026	60	51
12 Mar 2026	34	32
25 Mar 2026	3	3
26 Mar 2026	69	58
27 Apr 2026	2	0
28 Apr 2026	225	210
29 Apr 2026	296	272
30 Apr 2026	68	0
18 May 2026	4	0
19 May 2026	3	0
20 May 2026	96	0
21 May 2026	98	0
15 Jun 2026	2	0
16 Jun 2026	40	38
17 Jun 2026	127	124
18 Jun 2026	77	75
6 Jul 2026	2	0
7 Jul 2026	72	66
8 Jul 2026	144	138
9 Jul 2026	67	60
14 Sept 2026	1	0
15 Sept 2026	155	141
16 Sept 2026	80	66
17 Sept 2026	124	114

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
Select	Member	Group	Country	Agreement	Baseline
Select Axel VOSS	Axel VOSS	EPP	Germany	99 % of 3 858 shared	89 %
Select Christine SCHNEIDER	Christine SCHNEIDER Former member	EPP	Germany	98 % of 3 129 shared	89 %
Select Oliver SCHENK	Oliver SCHENK	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 864 shared	89 %
Select Hildegard BENTELE	Hildegard BENTELE	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 423 shared	89 %
Select Manfred WEBER	Manfred WEBER	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 116 shared	89 %
Select Alexandra MEHNERT	Alexandra MEHNERT	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 392 shared	89 %
Select Verena MERTENS	Verena MERTENS	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 549 shared	89 %
Select Ralf SEEKATZ	Ralf SEEKATZ	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 474 shared	89 %
Select Marion WALSMANN	Marion WALSMANN	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 801 shared	89 %
Select Lena DÜPONT	Lena DÜPONT	EPP	Germany	98 % of 4 039 shared	89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
Select	Member	Group	Country	Agreement	Baseline
Select Urmas PAET	Urmas PAET	Renew	Estonia	89 % of 4 407 shared	82 %
Select Katri KULMUNI	Katri KULMUNI	Renew	Finland	88 % of 3 880 shared	82 %
Select Dan BARNA	Dan BARNA	Renew	Romania	88 % of 4 292 shared	82 %
Select Hilde VAUTMANS	Hilde VAUTMANS	Renew	Belgium	87 % of 4 759 shared	82 %
Select Bart GROOTHUIS	Bart GROOTHUIS	Renew	Netherlands	87 % of 3 699 shared	82 %
Select Andreas GLÜCK	Andreas GLÜCK	Renew	Germany	87 % of 3 474 shared	82 %
Select Jan-Christoph OETJEN	Jan-Christoph OETJEN	Renew	Germany	87 % of 4 768 shared	82 %
Select Eugen TOMAC	Eugen TOMAC	Renew	Romania	87 % of 3 614 shared	82 %
Select Jeannette BALJEU	Jeannette BALJEU	Renew	Netherlands	87 % of 4 342 shared	82 %
Select Moritz KÖRNER	Moritz KÖRNER	Renew	Germany	87 % of 4 843 shared	82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
Body	Role	From	To
Committee on Economic and Monetary AffairsECON Committee	Member	19 Jul 2024	now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE Committee	Substitute	19 Jul 2024	now
Subcommittee on Tax MattersFISC Subcommittee	Member	19 Jul 2024	now
Delegation for relations with JapanD-JP Delegation	Member	19 Sept 2024	now

Show all 4 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
Dossier	Role	Committee	Date
Digital assets – challenges for the competitiveness and integrity of the European Union’s financial system	Shadow rapporteur	ECON	18 Nov 2025
European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026	Shadow rapporteur	ECON	10 Nov 2025
Non-financial commercial real estate statistics	Shadow rapporteur	ECON	10 Jun 2025

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

2 contributions recorded; 1 on behalf of their group; 4 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
Date	Debate	Kind	Verbatim
10 Mar 2026	European Semester (joint debate) on behalf of EPP	Speech · 2 min	Read
12 Feb 2025	Collaboration between conservatives and far right as a threat for competitiveness in the EU (topical debate)	Speech · 2 min	Read

Questions and motions, 2

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
Date	Title	Kind	Answer
22 Oct 2024	Security-related concerns regarding current EU customs scanning equipment and the Customs Control Equipment Instrument funds E-10-2024-002220	Written questionwith 10 co-authors	5 Jan 2025
19 Sept 2024	Impact of climate policy on the employment rate in the mobility sector E-10-2024-001770	Written questionwith 20 co-authors	17 Dec 2024

Amendments tabled in committee, 18

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
Date	Text amended	Committee	Amendments
23 Apr 2026	Establishment of European Business Wallets ITRE-AM-787818	ITRE	74
23 Apr 2026	Establishment of European Business Wallets ITRE-AM-787816	ITRE	77
24 Mar 2026	Digital assets – challenges for the competitiveness and integrity of the European Union’s financial system ECON-AM-786707	ECON	18
19 Dec 2025	Establishment of the digital euro ECON-AM-781501	ECON	9
19 Dec 2025	Establishment of the digital euro ECON-AM-781235	ECON	10
19 Dec 2025	Establishment of the digital euro ECON-AM-781499	ECON	19
19 Dec 2025	Establishment of the digital euro ECON-AM-781500	ECON	35
17 Dec 2025	European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 ECON-AM-781495	ECON	26
5 Nov 2025	Non-financial commercial real estate statistics ECON-AM-779504	ECON	22
23 Jul 2025	Phasing out Russian natural gas imports, improving monitoring of potential energy dependencies and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1938 CJ49-AM-775766	CJ49	9

Show all 18 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

Group European People’s Party EPP · Centre-right · Christian democracy, conservatism

National delegation

Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink: https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197410?page=4
Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament
Data source: EP Open Data: member record
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version: data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved: 25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Stefan BERGER”. Member record. memberId 197410. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197410?page=4 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197410. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197410?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.

BibTeX

@misc{epw-member-197410,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Stefan BERGER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197410?page=4}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197410?page=4},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197410. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197410. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}