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Member

Hildegard BENTELE

EPP · Germany

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
86.0 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
97.7 %ⓘ of 5 097 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
67 of 4 849 votesⓘ
Committees
DEVE (vice-chair), ENVI (substitute), ITRE
Member id
197408
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

86.0 %

5 097 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

EPP median: 89.9 % (−3.9 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

97.7 %

4 979 of 5 097 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 93.6 % (+4.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.4 %

67 of 4 849 votes where their group had a clear line

57 opposite (for ↔ against), 10 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

0.9 %

47 of 5 097 votes cast

Participation 86.0 % — EPP median 89.9 %, 196 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Hildegard BENTELE86.0 %
EPP median89.9 %
Lowest in the group17.0 %
Highest in the group99.6 %
Members196
With majority line 97.7 % — EPP median 93.6 %, 196 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 196 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Hildegard BENTELE97.7 %
EPP median93.6 %
Lowest in the group70.2 %
Highest in the group99.5 %
Members196
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: European Public Prosecutor’s Office Discharge decision adopted 454 for, 161 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: Agencies Discharge decision adopted 475 for, 107 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: Joint Undertakings Discharge decision adopted 525 for, 104 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/008 BE/Liberty - Belgium Passed 586 for, 48 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 94637 Objection passed 412 for, 145 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
29 Apr 2026Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025 Adopted 328 for, 199 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report Adopted 387 for, 191 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Monitoring the application of European Union law in 2023, 2024 and 2025 Adopted 416 for, 190 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Generalised scheme of tariff preferences Passed 459 for, 127 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability Passed 558 for, 35 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Amendments to Biocidal Products Regulation as regards the extension of certain data protection periods Passed 591 for, 54 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: workers affected by imminent job displacement Passed 566 for, 67 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 Interim report adopted 370 for, 201 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Guidelines for the 2027 budget - Section III Adopted 389 for, 191 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Amendments to Parliament's Rules of Procedure concerning appointments to Union agencies and bodies (Rule 135) Adopted 657 for, 0 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2024 Adopted 377 for, 254 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU Adopted 447 for, 160 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2024 Rejected 231 for, 389 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026The role of ocean diplomacy for the competitiveness of EU fisheries and aquaculture Adopted 430 for, 107 against, 115 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Control, transparency and traceability of performance-based instruments Adopted 527 for, 85 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Enhancing connectivity, preserving cultural heritage and driving local excellence in European tourism – destination management and regional tourism growth Adopted 439 for, 42 against, 129 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Apr 2026Extension of the term of office of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Adopted 422 for, 202 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Negotiating mandate approved 389 for, 206 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Combating corruption Passed 581 for, 21 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Failed 228 for, 311 against, 92 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Mar 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America Passed 417 for, 154 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods Passed 437 for, 144 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Simplification of the implementation of harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Digital Omnibus on AI) Passed 569 for, 45 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026United Nations Convention on the International Effects of Judicial Sales of Ships Consent given 605 for, 3 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026EU-China Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV Consent given 603 for, 3 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026EU-Lebanon Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting, participation of Lebanon in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA) Consent given 618 for, 6 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/005 AT/KTM - Austria Passed 584 for, 39 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/007 BE/Casa - Belgium Passed 575 for, 48 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Mar 2026Union framework for the national calculation of life-cycle global warming potential Objection failed 208 for, 414 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Mar 2026Global Gateway – past impacts and future orientation Adopted 371 for, 146 against, 80 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Calculation of emission credits for heavy-duty vehicles for the reporting periods of the years 2025 to 2029 Passed 473 for, 81 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspects Passed 537 for, 2 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine Adopted 479 for, 17 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026The arbitrary detention of President Mohamed Bazoum by the junta in Niger Adopted 524 for, 2 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Case of Elene Khoshtaria and political prisoners under the Georgian Dream regime Adopted 438 for, 37 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2026Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2024 Rejected 233 for, 250 against, 76 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Passed 458 for, 103 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law Consent given 455 for, 101 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026EU-Ecuador Agreement: cooperation between Europol and the Ecuadorian authorities competent for combating serious crime and terrorism Consent given 586 for, 21 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/004 BE/Tupperware – Belgium Passed 562 for, 53 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission Adopted 446 for, 100 against, 72 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Adopted 458 for, 72 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Adopted 392 for, 219 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Adopted 404 for, 208 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026EU enlargement strategy Adopted 385 for, 147 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 12 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242323
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202421
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249289
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129128
24 Oct 20241312
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243635
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245757
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244544
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 2025450
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 20253029
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228191
13 Mar 2025240
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251223
3 Apr 2025620
5 May 202550
6 May 2025100
7 May 20252200
8 May 20251030
21 May 202522
22 May 20255350
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254140
18 Jun 20259189
19 Jun 20258786
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134132
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101100
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256963
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186183
23 Oct 20255554
13 Nov 2025267264
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257570
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125125
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256665
17 Dec 20254342
18 Dec 20254240
20 Jan 20266763
21 Jan 2026112110
22 Jan 20265856
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 2026141134
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197191
11 Mar 20266058
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266968
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225219
29 Apr 2026296292
30 Apr 20266867
18 May 202640
19 May 202630
20 May 2026960
21 May 2026980
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264039
17 Jun 2026127126
18 Jun 20267776
6 Jul 202622
7 Jul 20267271
8 Jul 2026144139
9 Jul 20266764
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155155
16 Sept 20268077
17 Sept 2026124123

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Axel VOSS EPPGermany99 % of 4 068 shared89 %
Verena MERTENS EPPGermany99 % of 4 584 shared89 %
Ralf SEEKATZ EPPGermany99 % of 4 498 shared89 %
Christine SCHNEIDER Former memberEPPGermany99 % of 3 135 shared89 %
Oliver SCHENK EPPGermany99 % of 5 036 shared89 %
Marion WALSMANN EPPGermany99 % of 5 072 shared89 %
Alexandra MEHNERT EPPGermany99 % of 4 445 shared89 %
Lena DÜPONT EPPGermany99 % of 4 482 shared89 %
Manfred WEBER EPPGermany98 % of 4 306 shared89 %
Stefan BERGER EPPGermany98 % of 4 423 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia89 % of 4 511 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania87 % of 4 420 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands87 % of 3 793 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany87 % of 3 268 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium87 % of 4 917 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany87 % of 4 919 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania87 % of 3 684 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland86 % of 3 903 shared82 %
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands86 % of 4 409 shared82 %
Moritz KÖRNER RenewGermany86 % of 4 980 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on DevelopmentDEVE CommitteeVice-chair23 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeSubstitute3 Jul 2026now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Montenegro Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeD-ME Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with IsraelD-IL DelegationChair4 Feb 2025now
Delegation for relations with PalestineDPAL DelegationSubstitute13 Jan 2026now
Intergroup on Cancer and Rare DiseasesIG10-05 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Mental HealthIG10-17 Intergroup / working groupMember5 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on the Social Economy and Services of General InterestIG10-23 Intergroup / working groupMember30 Jan 2025now
Committee on DevelopmentDEVE CommitteeMember19 Jul 202422 Jul 2024

Show all 15 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1252Shadow rapporteur for an opinionENVI12 Mar 2026
Amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1252Shadow rapporteur for an opinionDEVE27 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationITRE19 Jan 2026
Establishing Global EuropeShadow rapporteurDEVE16 Jan 2026
47th EP-Israel Interparliamentary Meeting Jerusalem and Tel Aviv\nOfficial delegationD-IL16 Oct 2025
Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientationRapporteurDEVE9 Sept 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationDEVE1 Jul 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationDEVE1 Apr 2025
Future of the EU biotechnology and biomanufacturing sector: leveraging research, boosting innovation and enhancing competitiveness/ 2025/2008(INI)RapporteurITRE28 Jan 2025
No dossier namedDelegation chairD-IL28 Jan 2025

Show all 12 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

51 contributions recorded; 8 on behalf of their group; 76 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Escalation in the Middle East (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead
9 Jul 2026Joint communication on humanitarian aid (JOIN(2026)0025) (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
8 Jul 2026Harnessing the potential of a competitive and sustainable EU Bioeconomy Strategy for EU strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026The EU’s role in the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip and the accountability of Israel under international law (topical debate) Speech · 2 minRead
16 Jun 2026Question Time (Commission) - State of play on the European Commission’s pledge to reduce the reporting burden, in particular for SMEs Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
29 Apr 2026The need to combat antisemitism and protect Jewish life in Europe, following the recent attacks against the Jewish community in the Netherlands and Belgium (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
26 Mar 2026Global Gateway – past impacts and future orientation (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 18

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
2 Jun 2026Reports of the Palestinian Authority’s continuing ‘pay-for-slay’ scheme E-10-2026-002235Written questionwith 8 co-authors3 Sept 2026
22 Apr 2026Environmentally sustainable deep sea mining in the context of economic resilience and competitiveness P-10-2026-001660Priority written questionwith 1 co-author4 Jun 2026
6 Mar 2026Classification of local electricity supply facilities (‘customer facilities’) under internal market law pursuant to Directive (EU) 2019/944 E-10-2026-000942Written questionwith 4 co-authors12 Jun 2026
4 Mar 2026Implementation timeline for the digital battery passport under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 E-10-2026-000888Written question4 May 2026
4 Mar 2026‘Pay for slay’, Palestinian Authority constitutional reforms and risks for EU financial assistance E-10-2026-000887Written question5 May 2026
17 Feb 2026Security of EU citizens E-10-2026-000667Written questionwith 1 co-author22 May 2026
11 Feb 2026EU funding for and certification of international non-governmental organisations operating in Gaza, the West Bank and Israel, and their concrete humanitarian contributions – follow-up to P-000150/2026 P-10-2026-000575Priority written question12 Mar 2026
30 Jan 2026Alarming UNESCO report on antisemitism in EU classrooms E-10-2026-000396Written questionwith 17 co-authors13 Apr 2026
14 Jan 2026EU cooperation and funding of non-governmental organisations affected by Israel’s 2025 registration and transparency requirements P-10-2026-000150Priority written question3 Feb 2026

Show all 18 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 56

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 56 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Hildegard BENTELE”. Member record. memberId 197408. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197408?page=4&scope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197408. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197408?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197408,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Hildegard BENTELE}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197408?page=4&scope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197408?page=4&scope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197408. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197408. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}