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Member

Christian DOLESCHAL

EPP · Germany

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
86.8 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
97.2 %ⓘ of 538 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
CSU Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern e.V.
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
11 of 504 votesⓘ
Committees
IMCO (vice-chair), REGI
Member id
197473
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

86.8 %

538 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (−3.8 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

97.2 %

523 of 538 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (+1.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.2 %

11 of 504 votes where their group had a clear line

6 opposite (for ↔ against), 5 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.3 %

7 of 538 votes cast

Participation 86.8 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Christian DOLESCHAL86.8 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 97.2 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Christian DOLESCHAL97.2 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
23 Jan 2025Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine Adopted 480 for, 58 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Situation in Venezuela following the usurpation of the presidency on 10 January 2025 Adopted 374 for, 53 against, 163 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2025Need for actions to address the continued oppression and fake elections in Belarus Adopted 567 for, 25 against, 66 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 Jan 2025EU/Republic of Serbia agreement on operational activities carried out by the European Border and Coast Guard Agency in the Republic of Serbia Consent given 505 for, 90 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Amending Directive 2009/38/EC as regards the establishment and functioning of European Works Councils and the effective enforcement of transnational information and consultation rights Negotiating mandate approved 300 for, 254 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Dec 2024Human rights situation in Kyrgyzstan, in particular the case of Temirlan Sultanbekov Adopted 492 for, 28 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 202411th year of the occupation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol by the Russian Federation and the deteriorating human rights situation in occupied Crimea, notably the cases of Iryna Danylovych, Tofik Abdulhaziiev and Amet Suleymanov Adopted 446 for, 25 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Continued repression of civil society and independent media in Azerbaijan and the cases of Dr Gubad Ibadoghlu, Anar Mammadli, Kamran Mammadli, Rufat Safarov and Meydan TV Adopted 434 for, 30 against, 89 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Recommendation to the Council on the EU priorities for the 69th session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women Adopted 322 for, 163 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Tonga Consent given 545 for, 81 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Niue Consent given 543 for, 77 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the United Nations Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration Consent given 591 for, 7 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Tuvalu Consent given 533 for, 74 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Amendment of Annex VI – Powers and responsibilities of the standing committees Adopted 448 for, 161 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Setting up a Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield, and defining its responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office Adopted 441 for, 178 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Setting up a Special Committee on the Housing Crisis in the European Union, and defining its responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office Adopted 480 for, 148 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Passed 546 for, 97 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Specific measures under the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) for Member States affected by natural disasters Passed 644 for, 6 against, 3 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Regional Emergency Support: RESTORE Passed 638 for, 10 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Forest reproductive material of the ‘tested’ category Passed 499 for, 131 against, 27 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2024/002 BE/Limburg machinery and paper – Belgium Passed 599 for, 50 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2023 Adopted 598 for, 17 against, 37 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Hong Kong, notably the cases of Jimmy Lai and the 45 activists recently convicted under the national security law Adopted 473 for, 23 against, 98 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The increasing and systematic repression of women in Iran Adopted 562 for, 2 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The shrinking space for civil society in Cambodia, in particular the case of the labour rights organisation CENTRAL Adopted 492 for, 5 against, 102 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Adopted 444 for, 72 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Adopted 390 for, 135 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Rejected 152 for, 378 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1806 as regards Vanuatu Passed 627 for, 6 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund to provide assistance to Germany and Italy relating to floods occurred in 2024 Passed 660 for, 11 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Draft amending budget No 5/2024: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updates Passed 525 for, 75 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Measures to reduce incidental catches of common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and other small cetaceans in the Bay of Biscay Objection failed 123 for, 511 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 20242025 budgetary procedure: Joint text Adopted 418 for, 185 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Rejected 154 for, 507 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Election of the Commission Commission elected 370 for, 282 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × NK603 Objection passed 474 for, 171 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified cotton COT102 Objection passed 496 for, 143 against, 18 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × MON 88017 × 59122 and eight of its sub-combinations Objection passed 476 for, 169 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 810 Objection passed 464 for, 163 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP915635 Objection passed 478 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP23211 Objection passed 474 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP202216 Objection passed 478 for, 165 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 94804 Objection passed 468 for, 166 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Passed 371 for, 240 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Electronic value added tax exemption certificate Passed 621 for, 10 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Faster and Safer Relief of Excess Withholding Taxes Passed 555 for, 48 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Amendment of the EIB’s Statute Passed 510 for, 105 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Adopted 429 for, 183 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Adopted 453 for, 31 against, 89 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Adopted 432 for, 60 against, 71 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 8 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Christine SCHNEIDER Former memberEPPGermany98 % of 3 199 shared89 %
Axel VOSS EPPGermany98 % of 3 737 shared89 %
Oliver SCHENK EPPGermany98 % of 4 805 shared89 %
Verena MERTENS EPPGermany98 % of 4 456 shared89 %
Manfred WEBER EPPGermany98 % of 4 005 shared89 %
Alexandra MEHNERT EPPGermany98 % of 4 321 shared89 %
Ralf SEEKATZ EPPGermany98 % of 4 426 shared89 %
Marion WALSMANN EPPGermany98 % of 4 745 shared89 %
Stefan KÖHLER EPPGermany98 % of 4 411 shared89 %
Lena DÜPONT EPPGermany98 % of 4 099 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia88 % of 4 526 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania87 % of 4 340 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium87 % of 4 697 shared82 %
Moritz KÖRNER RenewGermany87 % of 4 773 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany87 % of 3 520 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania87 % of 3 543 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands87 % of 3 590 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany87 % of 4 825 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland87 % of 3 734 shared82 %
Svenja HAHN RenewGermany87 % of 4 501 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeVice-chair23 Jul 2024now
Committee on Regional DevelopmentREGI CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with IndiaD-IN DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with South AfricaD-ZA DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Cohesion Policy and Outermost RegionsIG10-08 Intergroup / working groupMember25 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Resilience, Disaster Management and Civil ProtectionIG10-19 Intergroup / working groupMember17 Mar 2025now
Intergroup on Sky and SpaceIG10-21 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)IG10-22 Intergroup / working groupMember12 Mar 2025now
Intergroup on the Social Economy and Services of General InterestIG10-23 Intergroup / working groupMember30 Jan 2025now

Show all 12 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationREGI13 Jul 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationIMCO27 Mar 2025
Delegationsreise, Südafrika, Kapstadt (28. interparlamentarischer Austausch)Official delegation10 Feb 2025
2024/2103(INI)Shadow rapporteurIMCO14 Jan 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionREGI5 Nov 2024
No dossier namedCommittee vice-chairIMCO22 Jul 2024

Show all 6 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

7 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 13 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
14 Sept 2026Public Procurement Act (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead
20 May 2026High time to deliver on the Single Market, providing certainty and predictability for EU businesses and quality jobs (continuation of debate) Speech · 2 minRead
8 Sept 2025Public procurement (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead
16 Jun 2025Strengthening rural areas in the EU through cohesion policy (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead
21 May 2025Single Market Strategy (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
1 Apr 2025Improving the implementation of cohesion policy through the mid-term review to achieve a robust cohesion policy post 2027 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Oct 2024A stronger Europe for safer products to better protect consumers and tackle unfair competition: boosting EU oversight in e-commerce and imports (debate) Speech · 2 minRead

Show all 7 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 14

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
17 Sept 2026Effects on the single market of Germany’s Act on Data and Digital Innovation in Healthcare (GeDIG) P-10-2026-003738Priority written questionNot yet answered
23 Jul 2026Energy Performance of Buildings Directive E-10-2026-003113Written questionwith 17 co-authorsNot yet answered
9 Jun 2026Planned ban on PFAS chemicals and impact on the food processing industry E-10-2026-002369Written questionwith 3 co-authors31 Jul 2026
1 Jun 2026Governance and measurability in the context of COM(2026)0380 P-10-2026-002214Priority written question9 Jul 2026
6 May 2026Practical feasibility of labelling requirements for secondary and tertiary reusable packaging under Articles 12 and 15(8) PPWR E-10-2026-001856Written questionwith 12 co-authors10 Jul 2026
29 Apr 2026Implementation and measurability of cutting red tape in the context of COM(2026)0380 P-10-2026-001751Priority written question28 May 2026
20 Mar 2026Implementation of Regulation (EU) 2024/3110 and delays in the publication of European Assessment Documents E-10-2026-001171Written question13 May 2026
10 Mar 2026German Bundeskartellamt inquiry into Amazon pricing practices E-10-2026-000989Written questionwith 24 co-authors5 May 2026
14 Jan 2026Strengthening Europe’s printed circuit boards & electronics production E-10-2026-000120Written questionwith 15 co-authors24 Mar 2026
19 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protection of EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materials B-10-2025-0500Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—

Show all 14 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 90

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792057 REGI9
10 Sept 2026on the proposal for a Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council ITRE-AM-790812 ITRE39
7 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792058 REGI13
27 Aug 2026Cohesion policy in the EU’s eastern border regions: strengthening territorial resilience and cross-border cooperation REGI-AM-791869 REGI2
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791874 CJ728
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791873 CJ7210
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790967 CJ723
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791073 CJ7210
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791072 CJ725
23 Jul 2026Cohesion policy – the driving force in implementing the EU agenda for cities REGI-AM-791872 REGI1

Show all 90 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Christian DOLESCHAL”. Member record. memberId 197473. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197473?page=12&scope=final&vscope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197473. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197473?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197473,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Christian DOLESCHAL}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197473?page=12&scope=final&vscope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197473?page=12&scope=final&vscope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197473. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197473. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}