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Member

Alexandra GEESE

Greens · Germany

Group
Greens Verts/ALE
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
92.1 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
97.0 %ⓘ of 571 votes where the group had a line · Greens median 96.4 %
More facts (5)
National party
GRÜNE. Bündnis 90/Die Grünen
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
9 of 553 votesⓘ
Committees
FEMM, IMCO (substitute), ITRE
Member id
183916
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.1 %

571 of 620 final votes while in office

Greens median: 92.3 % (−0.2 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

97.0 %

554 of 571 votes where their group had a line

Greens median: 96.4 % (+0.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.6 %

9 of 553 votes where their group had a clear line

1 opposite (for ↔ against), 6 abstained against the line, 2 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

4.6 %

26 of 571 votes cast

Participation 92.1 % — Greens median 92.3 %, 54 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 54 members of the Greens with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Alexandra GEESE92.1 %
Greens median92.3 %
Lowest in the group44.2 %
Highest in the group99.4 %
Members54
With majority line 97.0 % — Greens median 96.4 %, 54 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 54 members of the Greens with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Alexandra GEESE97.0 %
Greens median96.4 %
Lowest in the group82.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members54
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Greens; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
23 Jan 2025Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine Adopted 480 for, 58 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Jan 2025Situation in Venezuela following the usurpation of the presidency on 10 January 2025 Adopted 374 for, 53 against, 163 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
22 Jan 2025Need for actions to address the continued oppression and fake elections in Belarus Adopted 567 for, 25 against, 66 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 Jan 2025EU/Republic of Serbia agreement on operational activities carried out by the European Border and Coast Guard Agency in the Republic of Serbia Consent given 505 for, 90 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Dec 2024Amending Directive 2009/38/EC as regards the establishment and functioning of European Works Councils and the effective enforcement of transnational information and consultation rights Negotiating mandate approved 300 for, 254 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Human rights situation in Kyrgyzstan, in particular the case of Temirlan Sultanbekov Adopted 492 for, 28 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 202411th year of the occupation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol by the Russian Federation and the deteriorating human rights situation in occupied Crimea, notably the cases of Iryna Danylovych, Tofik Abdulhaziiev and Amet Suleymanov Adopted 446 for, 25 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Continued repression of civil society and independent media in Azerbaijan and the cases of Dr Gubad Ibadoghlu, Anar Mammadli, Kamran Mammadli, Rufat Safarov and Meydan TV Adopted 434 for, 30 against, 89 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Dec 2024Recommendation to the Council on the EU priorities for the 69th session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women Adopted 322 for, 163 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Tonga Consent given 545 for, 81 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Niue Consent given 543 for, 77 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
18 Dec 2024Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the United Nations Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State Arbitration Consent given 591 for, 7 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024EC-Pacific States Interim Partnership Agreement: accession of Tuvalu Consent given 533 for, 74 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
18 Dec 2024Amendment of Annex VI – Powers and responsibilities of the standing committees Adopted 448 for, 161 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Setting up a Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield, and defining its responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office Adopted 441 for, 178 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Dec 2024Setting up a Special Committee on the Housing Crisis in the European Union, and defining its responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office Adopted 480 for, 148 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Passed 546 for, 97 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Dec 2024Specific measures under the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) for Member States affected by natural disasters Passed 644 for, 6 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Regional Emergency Support: RESTORE Passed 638 for, 10 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Forest reproductive material of the ‘tested’ category Passed 499 for, 131 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Dec 2024Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2024/002 BE/Limburg machinery and paper – Belgium Passed 599 for, 50 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Dec 2024Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2023 Adopted 598 for, 17 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Hong Kong, notably the cases of Jimmy Lai and the 45 activists recently convicted under the national security law Adopted 473 for, 23 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The increasing and systematic repression of women in Iran Adopted 562 for, 2 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The shrinking space for civil society in Cambodia, in particular the case of the labour rights organisation CENTRAL Adopted 492 for, 5 against, 102 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Adopted 444 for, 72 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia Adopted 390 for, 135 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Recommendation on smoke- and aerosol-free environments Rejected 152 for, 378 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1806 as regards Vanuatu Passed 627 for, 6 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund to provide assistance to Germany and Italy relating to floods occurred in 2024 Passed 660 for, 11 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Draft amending budget No 5/2024: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updates Passed 525 for, 75 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Measures to reduce incidental catches of common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and other small cetaceans in the Bay of Biscay Objection failed 123 for, 511 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 20242025 budgetary procedure: Joint text Adopted 418 for, 185 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Rejected 154 for, 507 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Election of the Commission Commission elected 370 for, 282 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × NK603 Objection passed 474 for, 171 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified cotton COT102 Objection passed 496 for, 143 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × MON 88017 × 59122 and eight of its sub-combinations Objection passed 476 for, 169 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 810 Objection passed 464 for, 163 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP915635 Objection passed 478 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP23211 Objection passed 474 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP202216 Objection passed 478 for, 165 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 94804 Objection passed 468 for, 166 against, 14 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Deforestation Regulation: provisions relating to the date of application Passed 371 for, 240 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024Electronic value added tax exemption certificate Passed 621 for, 10 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Faster and Safer Relief of Excess Withholding Taxes Passed 555 for, 48 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024Amendment of the EIB’s Statute Passed 510 for, 105 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Adopted 429 for, 183 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia Adopted 453 for, 31 against, 89 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
24 Oct 2024People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan Adopted 432 for, 60 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 4 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Greens

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Anna CAVAZZINI GreensGermany99 % of 5 258 shared94 %
Terry REINTKE GreensGermany99 % of 4 894 shared94 %
Erik MARQUARDT GreensGermany98 % of 5 009 shared94 %
Hannah NEUMANN GreensGermany98 % of 4 907 shared94 %
Daniel FREUND GreensGermany98 % of 5 270 shared94 %
Martin HÄUSLING GreensGermany98 % of 5 025 shared94 %
Maria OHISALO GreensFinland98 % of 4 464 shared94 %
Katrin LANGENSIEPEN GreensGermany98 % of 4 809 shared94 %
Jutta PAULUS GreensGermany98 % of 4 779 shared94 %
Ville NIINISTÖ GreensFinland98 % of 3 795 shared94 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Aurore LALUCQ S&DFrance88 % of 4 092 shared83 %
Mohammed CHAHIM S&DNetherlands88 % of 4 883 shared83 %
Raphaël GLUCKSMANN S&DFrance87 % of 4 663 shared83 %
Udo BULLMANN S&DGermany87 % of 4 437 shared83 %
Thijs REUTEN S&DNetherlands87 % of 5 193 shared83 %
Lara WOLTERS S&DNetherlands87 % of 4 871 shared83 %
Marit MAIJ S&DNetherlands87 % of 5 293 shared83 %
Emma RAFOWICZ S&DFrance86 % of 3 847 shared83 %
Murielle LAURENT S&DFrance86 % of 4 814 shared83 %
Thomas PELLERIN-CARLIN S&DFrance86 % of 5 134 shared83 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender EqualityFEMM CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldEUDS Special committeeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Anti-CorruptionIG10-01 Intergroup / working groupMember16 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Anti-Racism and DiversityIG10-02 Intergroup / working groupMember14 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on LGBTIQ+IG10-16 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now

Show all 8 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationITRE17 Sept 2026
Cloud and AI Development ActShadow rapporteurITRE16 Sept 2026
Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act)Shadow rapporteur for an opinionIMCO21 May 2026
Establishing a budget expenditure tracking and performance framework and other horizontal rules for the Union programmes and activitiesShadow rapporteur for an opinionFEMM23 Feb 2026
Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activitiesShadow rapporteur for an opinionIMCO20 Jan 2026
Guidelines for the 2027 Budget - Section IIIShadow rapporteur for an opinionFEMM20 Jan 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurFEMM1 Dec 2025
Human Rights and Democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2025Shadow rapporteur for an opinionFEMM1 Oct 2025
General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 - all sectionsShadow rapporteur for an opinionFEMM1 Sept 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationIMCO7 Apr 2025

Show all 16 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

24 contributions recorded; 11 on behalf of their group; 37 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Jun 2026Achieving digital sovereignty and resilience for Europe, in light of recent developments affecting access to advanced AI technologies (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Achieving digital sovereignty and resilience for Europe, in light of recent developments affecting access to advanced AI technologies (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Achieving digital sovereignty and resilience for Europe, in light of recent developments affecting access to advanced AI technologies (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU trade (debate) on behalf of GreensSpeech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026EU cybersecurity and preparedness in view of advanced AI systems (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Rise of political violence, notably by far-left organisations (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
18 Dec 2025European Democracy Shield – very large online platform algorithms, foreign interference and the spread of disinformation (debate) Speech · 3 minRead
26 Nov 2025Defence of Democracy package (joint debate) on behalf of GreensSpeech · 2 minRead
25 Nov 2025Communication on the European Democracy Shield (debate) on behalf of GreensSpeech · 2 minRead
8 Oct 2025Promoting EU digital rules: protecting European sovereignty (debate) on behalf of GreensSpeech · 2 minRead

Show all 24 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 39

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
8 Sept 2026Chatbots directing women with unwanted pregnancies to anti-abortion websites E-10-2026-003539Written questionwith 67 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Jul 2026Bot networks on X and Instagram – Russian-linked campaign for the election of far-right parties in Europe E-10-2026-003050Written questionwith 5 co-authors14 Sept 2026
15 Jul 2026Update by the Commission of its guidelines on tackling online disinformation during electoral processes E-10-2026-002950Written questionwith 31 co-authors11 Sept 2026
9 Jul 2026The Commission’s social media strategy and use of W Social E-10-2026-002848Written question11 Sept 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
11 Jun 2026Appointment of Jim Hagemann Snabe as Special Envoy for Industrial Artificial Intelligence E-10-2026-002410Written questionwith 10 co-authors18 Sept 2026
10 Jun 2026Potential conflict of interest in the appointment of the Special Envoy for Industrial AI P-10-2026-002401Priority written questionwith 37 co-authors13 Aug 2026
1 Jun 2026Evidence of systemic failures by online platforms to tackle financial scams E-10-2026-002217Written questionwith 27 co-authors28 Jul 2026
6 May 2026Meta and Google ads for unregulated, dangerous nutraceutical products and potential breaches of the Digital Services Act P-10-2026-001840Priority written question10 Jun 2026
6 May 2026Freedom of expression in the EU and lack of transparency in content moderation by online platforms E-10-2026-001841Written question1 Jul 2026

Show all 39 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 29

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791040 IMCO26
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791044 IMCO19
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791043 IMCO43
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791042 IMCO34
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791041 IMCO16
13 Jul 2026General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2027 – all sections FEMM-AM-790126 FEMM10
11 May 2026Establishing a budget expenditure tracking and performance framework and other horizontal rules for the Union programmes and activities FEMM-AM-788784 FEMM42
7 May 2026Establishing a budget expenditure tracking and performance framework and other horizontal rules for the Union programmes and activities FEMM-AM-787900 FEMM37
9 Mar 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities IMCO-AM-785341 IMCO33
9 Mar 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities IMCO-AM-785342 IMCO39

Show all 29 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Alexandra GEESE”. Member record. memberId 183916. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/183916?page=12&scope=final&vscope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/183916. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/183916?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-183916,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Alexandra GEESE}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/183916?page=12&scope=final&vscope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/183916?page=12&scope=final&vscope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 183916. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/183916. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}