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Member

Carlo FIDANZA

ECR · Italy

Group
ECR
Country
Italy
Roll-call participation
93.5 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.6 %ⓘ of 577 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
FdL FRATELLI D' ITALIA
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
6 of 479 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), AGRI, CONT (substitute), TRAN (substitute)
Member id
96810
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

93.5 %

580 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (+1.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.6 %

540 of 577 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (+5.9 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.3 %

6 of 479 votes where their group had a clear line

4 opposite (for ↔ against), 2 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

17.2 %

100 of 580 votes cast

Participation 93.5 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Carlo FIDANZA93.5 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 93.6 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Carlo FIDANZA93.6 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
26 Nov 2025Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders Passed 402 for, 250 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Increasing the efficiency of the EU guarantee under the InvestEU Regulation and simplifying reporting requirements Passed 519 for, 65 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Collection of statistical information by the European Central Bank Passed 521 for, 110 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Draft amending budget No 3/2025: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updates Passed 519 for, 99 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1818 as regards the definition of prohibited weapons Objection failed 88 for, 388 against, 184 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2025Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2429 as regards origin labelling for fruit and vegetables originating in the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara Objection failed 359 for, 188 against, 76 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 20252026 budgetary procedure: joint text Adopted 419 for, 185 against, 53 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
26 Nov 2025EU’s diplomatic strategy and geopolitical cooperation in the Arctic Adopted 510 for, 75 against, 80 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Protection of minors online Adopted 483 for, 92 against, 86 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2025Access to finance for SMEs and scale-ups Adopted 360 for, 298 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’) Passed 457 for, 148 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Enhancing police cooperation in relation to the prevention, detection and investigation of migrant smuggling and trafficking in human beings; enhancing Europol’s support to preventing and combating such crimes Passed 556 for, 74 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified maize DAS1131 Objection passed 453 for, 171 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified cotton MON 88913 Objection passed 452 for, 182 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified oilseed rape MON 88302 Objection passed 456 for, 166 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified soybean MON 87708 Objection passed 453 for, 179 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified maize MON 87427 Objection passed 426 for, 157 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Existence of a clear risk of a serious breach by Hungary of the values on which the Union is founded Adopted 415 for, 193 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
25 Nov 2025Ensuring faster registration and uptake of biological control agents Adopted 590 for, 28 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report) Adopted 330 for, 273 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
25 Nov 2025Impact of artificial intelligence on the financial sector Adopted 426 for, 182 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 20252024 budget: assessing the implementation of the gender mainstreaming methodology in the EU budget Adopted 389 for, 213 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
25 Nov 2025Decision to maintain the action before the Court of Justice for the annulment of the decision of the Commission on the withdrawal of the Standard essential patents proposal Adopted 334 for, 294 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Passed 379 for, 248 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction Passed 454 for, 172 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Passed 382 for, 249 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Passed 543 for, 72 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Passed 370 for, 160 against, 107 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
13 Nov 2025EU-Andorra agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 605 for, 29 against, 0 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-San Marino agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 606 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Monaco agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 610 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Liechtenstein agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 611 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Switzerland agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 605 for, 26 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Consent given 515 for, 93 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Spain and France in relation to natural disasters in 2024 and 2025 Passed 622 for, 10 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Addressing transnational repression of human rights defenders Adopted 512 for, 76 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Opinion from the Court of Justice on the compatibility with the Treaties of the proposed Agreement on Digital Trade between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Rejected 136 for, 432 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore (Resolution) Adopted 572 for, 18 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Gender Equality Strategy 2025 Adopted 310 for, 222 against, 68 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2025Dates of application and transitional provisions for chemical products Passed 441 for, 108 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Soil Monitoring and Resilience (Soil Monitoring Law) Passed 220 for, 341 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
23 Oct 2025InvestEU Fund strategic investments in the field of defence Objection failed 124 for, 401 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2025Specifying a methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions savings from low-carbon fuels Objection failed 175 for, 374 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola Summit Adopted 367 for, 98 against, 113 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Resolution adopted 384 for, 202 against, 58 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and Council Discharge decision adopted 441 for, 125 against, 73 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
22 Oct 2025Discharge 2023: Agencies Discharge decision adopted 476 for, 99 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025Institutional consequences of the EU enlargement negotiations Adopted 310 for, 277 against, 53 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025Polarisation and increased repression in Serbia, one year after the Novi Sad tragedy Adopted 457 for, 103 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Situation in Belarus, five years after the fraudulent presidential elections Adopted 458 for, 18 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 5 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly100 % of 4 863 shared81 %
Francesco VENTOLA ECRItaly100 % of 4 870 shared81 %
Francesco TORSELLI ECRItaly100 % of 5 479 shared81 %
Mario MANTOVANI ECRItaly100 % of 4 034 shared81 %
Alberico GAMBINO ECRItaly99 % of 4 230 shared81 %
Antonella SBERNA ECRItaly99 % of 4 865 shared81 %
Denis NESCI ECRItaly99 % of 5 562 shared81 %
Marco SQUARTA ECRItaly99 % of 4 385 shared81 %
Stefano CAVEDAGNA ECRItaly99 % of 4 928 shared81 %
Daniele POLATO ECRItaly99 % of 5 491 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal73 % of 5 317 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 920 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia72 % of 4 484 shared62 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania72 % of 4 660 shared48 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain72 % of 5 191 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain72 % of 5 283 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain72 % of 5 534 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain72 % of 4 344 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain71 % of 4 186 shared68 %
Ondřej KOVAŘÍK Former memberPatriotsCzechia71 % of 1 092 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentAGRI CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Budgetary ControlCONT CommitteeSubstitute23 Jun 2025now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldEUDS Special committeeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Delegation to the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-CL Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Central America, including the EU-Central America Association Parliamentary CommitteeDCAM DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblyVice-chair30 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on DemographyIG10-09 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now

Show all 14 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionAGRI15 Jun 2026
EP delegation to the Conciliation Committee on Air Passenger Rights 2013/0072(COD)Trilogue negotiator28 May 2026
No dossier namedDelegation vice-chairDLAT19 May 2026
Amending Regulations (EC) No 999/2001, (EC) No 1829/2003, (EC) No 1831/2003, (EC) No 852/2004, (EC) No 853/2004, (EC) No 396/2005, (EC) No 1099/2009, (EC) No 1107/2009, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2017/625 as regards the simplification and strengthening of food and feed safety requirementsShadow rapporteurAGRI20 Apr 2026
Amending Council Directive 98/58/EC and Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification and strengthening of food and feed safety requirements, and repealing Council Directives 82/711/EEC and 85/572/EECShadow rapporteurAGRI20 Apr 2026
Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activitiesShadow rapporteur for an opinionTRAN20 Apr 2026
Clean corporate vehiclesShadow rapporteurTRAN15 Apr 2026
Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activitiesOpinion rapporteurTRAN4 Mar 2026
Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activitiesOpinion rapporteurAGRI28 Jan 2026
Guidelines for the 2027 Budget - Section IIIShadow rapporteur for an opinionAGRI22 Jan 2026

Show all 25 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

49 contributions recorded; 17 on behalf of their group; 77 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
9 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from certain provisions of the ePrivacy Directive to combat online child sexual abuse (vote) SpeechRead
17 Jun 2026Political prisoners in Nicaragua – the cases of Carlos Brenes, Salvadora del Socorro Martínez Aburto and Brooklyn Rivera Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Reviewing the ETS system to support European competitiveness (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Presentation of the Fertilisers Action Plan (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
30 Apr 2026How to secure a sustainable future for the EU livestock sector in light of the need to ensure food security, farmers’ resilience and the challenges posed by animal diseases? (debate) Speech · 3 minRead
30 Apr 2026How to secure a sustainable future for the EU livestock sector in light of the need to ensure food security, farmers’ resilience and the challenges posed by animal diseases? (debate) Speech · 5 minRead
29 Apr 2026Shortcomings and deficiencies of the ‘Amnesty Law’ in Venezuela Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
25 Mar 2026Conclusions of the European Council meeting of 19 March 2026 (debate) Speech · 2 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 166

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya B-10-2026-0420Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
1 Sept 2026New liquid drugs and the evolving narcotics market in the EU E-10-2026-003435Written questionwith 5 co-authorsNot yet answered
1 Sept 2026Paolo De Rosa’s links with the Autistici/Inventati hacker group and Italy’s Democratic Party P-10-2026-003407Priority written questionwith 20 co-authorsNot yet answered
26 Aug 2026Use of monensin in cattle from Mercosur countries and compliance with EU import requirements E-10-2026-003342Written questionwith 1 co-authorNot yet answered
25 Aug 2026Settler violence in the West Bank and protecting Christian communities E-10-2026-003329Written questionwith 1 co-authorNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
17 Jul 2026Regulation (EU) 2023/2055 for industrial downstream users of plastics: distinction between producers and processors E-10-2026-003043Written questionwith 9 co-authors4 Sept 2026
16 Jul 2026Constitutional coup by Péter Magyar’s government E-10-2026-003035Written questionwith 42 co-authors11 Sept 2026

Show all 166 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 139

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
17 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790898 AGRI2
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790915 AGRI3
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790958 AGRI9
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790964 AGRI3
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790919 AGRI11
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790954 AGRI12
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790956 AGRI17
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790918 AGRI19
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790955 AGRI9
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790917 AGRI11

Show all 139 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Italy National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Carlo FIDANZA”. Member record. memberId 96810. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/96810?page=7&rows=all&scope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96810. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/96810?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-96810,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Carlo FIDANZA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/96810?page=7&rows=all&scope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/96810?page=7&rows=all&scope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 96810. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/96810. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}