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Decision

The 28th Regime: a new legal framework for innovative companies

Effect
Adopted
Result
492 for · 144 against · 28 abstained roll call
Date
20 January 2026, 12:52–12:57
Kind
Resolution
More facts (9)
Margin
by a large majority
Source
Committee report by René Repasi
Topics
Economy & single market Assigned by a model, not checked by hand.
Votes
36 votes · 17 roll calls · 15 amendments
Requested by
The Left (1 roll call) · Patriots (1 roll call, 1 split vote) · ESN (1 roll call)
Final vote
183160
More

Result

The final vote and what it means for this kind of decision.

Final vote: 492 for, 144 against, 28 abstained (roll call).

Adopted by a large majority.

Parliament adopted the text as its official position.

Before the final vote, MEPs decided on 15 amendments (15 rejected) and 20 parts of the text voted on separately (1 adopted, 19 rejected).

Backed by Greens, S&D, Renew, EPP and ECR; opposed by The Left, Patriots and ESN.

Groups

Members' votes, each counted in the group they belonged to on the day. No vote: in office that day, no position recorded. Majority line: the most common position. Clear line: a position with at least two thirds of the group's votes (at least 10 members voting), otherwise Divided. Cohesion: Agreement Index, 0 = evenly split, 1 = all voted the same (method).
GroupForAgainstAbst.No voteMajority lineClear lineCohesionBar
The LeftFor 0Against 35Abst. 4No vote 7 of 46Majority line AgainstClear line Against Cohesion 0.85
GreensFor 47Against 0Abst. 4No vote 2 of 53Majority line ForClear line For Cohesion 0.88
S&DFor 127Against 0Abst. 0No vote 9 of 136Majority line ForClear line For Cohesion 1.00
RenewFor 65Against 0Abst. 1No vote 9 of 75Majority line ForClear line For Cohesion 0.98
EPPFor 181Against 0Abst. 0No vote 7 of 188Majority line ForClear line For Cohesion 1.00
ECRFor 54Against 14Abst. 4No vote 7 of 79Majority line ForClear line For Cohesion 0.63
PatriotsFor 9Against 63Abst. 7No vote 6 of 85Majority line AgainstClear line Against Cohesion 0.70
ESNFor 0Against 23Abst. 0No vote 4 of 27Majority line AgainstClear line Against Cohesion 1.00
No groupFor 9Against 9Abst. 8No vote 4 of 30Majority line —Clear line No line Cohesion —

Members who changed group are counted in the group of the day: Branko GRIMS changed group, Elena YONCHEVA changed group, Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group, Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK changed group, Jessika VAN LEEUWEN changed group, Laurent CASTILLO changed group, Lukas SIEPER changed group, Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group, Nikolas FARANTOURIS changed group, Pina PICIERNO changed group, Roberto VANNACCI changed group, Sander SMIT changed group, Taner KABILOV changed group.

Voted against their group, 43

Members who voted otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds of the votes cast, at least 10 members voting) of the group they sat in that day. A group without a clear line is divided and not counted.

Countries

The final vote by national delegation.

Votes by country (27 delegations)
Members' votes by country. No vote: in office that day, no position recorded. Cohesion: Agreement Index of the delegation, 0 = evenly split, 1 = all the same; it reflects the mix of groups (method).
CountryForAgainstAbst.No voteCohesion
Austria146000.55
Belgium124240.50
Bulgaria132020.80
Cyprus4200—
Czechia162210.70
Germany6621360.60
Denmark93030.63
Estonia6100—
Spain467070.80
Finland114000.60
France3040470.31
Greece107400.21
Croatia110011.00
Hungary911010.33
Ireland112010.77
Italy569740.67
Lithuania91010.85
Luxembourg6000—
Latvia8100—
Malta4002—
Netherlands245110.70
Poland445040.85
Portugal153030.75
Romania290130.95
Sweden145020.61
Slovenia9000—
Slovakia63420.19

Members

Each member’s recorded position on the final roll call, in the group they sat in that day. Filter by country, group, position or name.

Show all 664 members

Debate speakers and how they voted

Members who spoke in the plenary debate on the dossier. Speeches: how many times they took the floor. Final vote: their recorded position on this decision's final roll call.
MemberGroupSpeechesSpokeFinal vote
Younous OMARJEE FranceThe LeftSpeeches120 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) No vote recorded
Ilhan KYUCHYUK BulgariaRenewSpeeches219 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Ewa KOPACZ PolandEPPSpeeches219 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
René REPASI GermanyS&DSpeeches219 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Vytenis Povilas ANDRIUKAITIS LithuaniaS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Maria GRAPINI RomaniaS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Show the other 37 speakers
Debate speakers, continued
MemberGroupSpeechesSpokeFinal vote
Emil RADEV BulgariaEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Lukas MANDL AustriaEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Sven SIMON GermanyEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Marion WALSMANN GermanyEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Gabriele BISCHOFF GermanyS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Damian BOESELAGER GermanyGreensSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Sergey LAGODINSKY GermanyGreensSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Leila CHAIBI FranceThe LeftSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group Against
Bogdan RZOŃCA PolandECRSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Kira Marie PETER-HANSEN DenmarkGreensSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group For
Cristian TERHEŞ RomaniaECRSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Lídia PEREIRA PortugalEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Billy KELLEHER IrelandRenewSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Tsvetelina PENKOVA BulgariaS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Nikolina BRNJAC CroatiaEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Adrián VÁZQUEZ LÁZARA SpainEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Ernő SCHALLER-BAROSS HungaryPatriotsSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) Against
Sebastian TYNKKYNEN FinlandECRSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) Against
Georgios AFTIAS GreeceEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Anna STÜRGKH AustriaRenewSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Ondřej KRUTÍLEK CzechiaECRSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Pascale PIERA FrancePatriotsSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group Against
Lukas SIEPER changed group GermanyRenewSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Reinier VAN LANSCHOT NetherlandsGreensSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Ľudovít ÓDOR SlovakiaRenewSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER SpainEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Ana Catarina MENDES PortugalS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group For
Hanna GEDIN SwedenThe LeftSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) Against
Antonella SBERNA ItalyECRSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Mario MANTOVANI ItalyECRSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group For
Lara WOLTERS NetherlandsS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Victor NEGRESCU RomaniaS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Morten LØKKEGAARD DenmarkRenewSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Pascal CANFIN FranceRenewSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group For
Axel VOSS GermanyEPPSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) · for the group For
Juan Fernando LÓPEZ AGUILAR SpainS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For
Evelyn REGNER AustriaS&DSpeeches119 Jan 2026 (verbatim report, official site) For

All votes on this decision, 36

In voting order. Result: for–against–abstained (a show of hands has no count). Requested by: the groups that asked for a roll call, a split vote or a separate vote.
No.VoteRecordedResultRequested by
1Separate vote on paragraph 1 Show of hands Rejected
2Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 1 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After § 1 – Am 3 Roll call116 for, 489 against, 56 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: The Left
3Amendment 33 to paragraph 2 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – § 2 – Am 33 Roll call196 for, 446 against, 15 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
Show the other 35 votesShow the other 33 votes
Votes on this decision, continued
No.VoteRecordedResultRequested by
2Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 1 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After § 1 – Am 3 Roll call116 for, 489 against, 56 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: The Left
3Amendment 33 to paragraph 2 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – § 2 – Am 33 Roll call196 for, 446 against, 15 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
Votes on this decision, continued
No.VoteRecordedResultRequested by
4Separate vote on paragraph 2 Show of hands Rejected
5Amendment 28, adding text after paragraph 2 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After § 2 – Am 28 Roll call190 for, 454 against, 16 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: ESN
6Separate vote on paragraph 5 Show of hands Rejected
7Separate vote on paragraph 7 Show of hands Rejected
8Separate vote on paragraph 10 Show of hands Rejected
9Amendment 7 to paragraph 10 — part 2 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – § 10 – Am 7/2 Part voted on: “in that regard, considers that the proposal on the 28th regime should be accompanied by additional measures, such as a social non-regression clause, in order to avoid the circumvention or weakening of more protective social rules applicable in the country of origin; insists that strong and effective safeguards be set out by way of substantive rules which have a high level of protection;”Roll call103 for, 500 against, 61 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots; split: Patriots
10Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 10 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After § 10 – Am 29 Roll call135 for, 471 against, 52 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: ESN
11Separate vote on paragraph 11 Show of hands Rejected
12Separate vote on paragraph 12 Show of hands Rejected
13Vote on text inserted after paragraph 14 Show of hands Rejected
14Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 14 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After § 14 – Am 11 Roll call78 for, 528 against, 58 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: The Left
15Vote on text inserted after paragraph 14 Show of hands Rejected
16Vote on text inserted after paragraph 14 Show of hands Rejected
17Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 14 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After § 14 – Am 14 Roll call81 for, 518 against, 56 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: The Left
18Separate vote on paragraph 15 Show of hands Rejected
19Separate vote on paragraph 17 Show of hands Rejected
20Separate vote on paragraph 20 Show of hands Rejected
21Vote on text inserted after paragraph 20 Show of hands Rejected
22Separate vote on paragraph 27 Show of hands Rejected
23Separate vote on paragraph 29 Show of hands Rejected
24Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 29 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After § 29 – Am 21 Roll call79 for, 561 against, 15 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: The Left
25Separate vote on paragraph 35 Show of hands Rejected
26Separate vote on paragraph 36 Show of hands Rejected
27Separate vote on subheading 6 Show of hands Rejected
28Amendments 25 + 34 (voted as one) to paragraph 37 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – § 37 – Am 25D= 34D= Roll call191 for, 423 against, 48 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
29Amendment 26 to paragraph 40 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – § 40 – Am 26D Roll call136 for, 487 against, 24 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
30Amendment 35 to paragraph 40 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – § 40 – Am 35 Roll call124 for, 500 against, 28 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
31Amendment 27 to paragraph 41 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – § 41 – Am 27D Roll call162 for, 484 against, 18 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
32Amendment 30 to citation 2 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – Citation 2 – Am 30 Roll call199 for, 445 against, 10 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
33Separate vote on citation 2 A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – Citation 2 Roll call491 for, 139 against, 20 abstained AdoptedRequested byroll call: Patriots
34Amendment 31, adding text after recital C A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After recital C – Am 31 Roll call193 for, 464 against, 3 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: The Left, Patriots
35Amendment 32, adding text after recital E A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – After recital E – Am 32 Roll call190 for, 450 against, 13 abstained RejectedRequested byroll call: Patriots
36Final vote — text as a whole A10-0269/2025 – René Repasi – Motion for a resolution (as a whole) Roll call492 for, 144 against, 28 abstained Adopted

Roll calls requested by The Left, Patriots, ESN · split votes by Patriots.

Text

The text voted on.

Report A-10-2025-0269

AI: What this vote decides Written by AI from the official text — check the source

Parliament adopted a resolution asking the Commission to propose a new EU-wide legal framework, the "28th Regime", for innovative companies.

The framework would create a voluntary corporate form, the Societas Europaea Unificata, alongside national laws, to help SMEs, start-ups and scale-ups operate across the internal market.

Parliament recommends using a maximum harmonisation directive based on Articles 50 and 114 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, not Article 352.

It also stresses safeguards for employee participation and simpler digital registration, and asks the Commission to act on this request.

Read the text · Report a problem

AI: The text in short Written by AI from the official text — check the source

Parliament's resolution requests a Commission proposal for a directive creating a 'Societas Europaea Unificata' (S.EU) corporate form, a 28th regime for innovative companies, based on Articles 50 and 114 TFEU.

Read the text · Report a problem

Dossier

Where the dossier stands and its other decisions in plenary.

2025/2079(INL) · Legislative initiative

Parliament adopted the text on 20 January 2026. This is its final position on the matter.

Show the 5 steps of the dossier
  1. Referred to committee · 8 May 2025 (done)
  2. Committee work · Report adopted 11 December 2025 (done)
  3. Tabled for plenary · 17 December 2025 (done)
  4. Plenary vote · Adopted 20 January 2026 (done)
  5. Parliament’s position · Final (done)

Lead committee: JURI · Author: René REPASI (S&D)

Connections

What this decision touches: the procedural chain, the same text, running issues, votes that split the chamber the same way.

Show 11 connections: Running issue: EU competitiveness · Final votes that split the chamber the same way

Running issue: EU competitiveness

Final votes that split the chamber the same way

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

European Parliament (2026). “The 28th Regime: a new legal framework for innovative companies”. Decision, 20 January 2026. votingId 183160, document A-10-2025-0269, reference 2025/2079(INL). EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2026-01-20/6 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official sources: Roll-call votes, sitting of 20 January 2026 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2026-01-20-RCV_EN.html; Results of votes, sitting of 20 January 2026 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2026-01-20-VOT_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2026-01-20, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meetings/MTG-PL-2026-01-20/decisions?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-decision-2026-01-20-6,
  author = {{European Parliament}},
  title = {{The 28th Regime: a new legal framework for innovative companies}},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-01-20},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2026-01-20/6}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2026-01-20/6},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Decision. votingId 183160, document A-10-2025-0269, reference 2025/2079(INL). Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2026-01-20-RCV\_EN.html, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2026-01-20-VOT\_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2026-01-20 (CC BY 4.0)}
}