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Member

Michał DWORCZYK

ECR · Poland

Group
ECR
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
72.0 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
91.7 %ⓘ of 4 256 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 91.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PiS Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
111 of 3 712 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), IMCO, SEDE (vice-chair)
Member id
257076
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

72.0 %

4 270 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

ECR median: 91.6 % (−19.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

91.7 %

3 904 of 4 256 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 91.1 % (+0.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

3.0 %

111 of 3 712 votes where their group had a clear line

52 opposite (for ↔ against), 53 abstained against the line, 6 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

7.1 %

302 of 4 270 votes cast

Participation 72.0 % — ECR median 91.6 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Michał DWORCZYK72.0 %
ECR median91.6 %
Lowest in the group47.1 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members79
With majority line 91.7 % — ECR median 91.1 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Michał DWORCZYK91.7 %
ECR median91.1 %
Lowest in the group66.8 %
Highest in the group93.7 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
23 Oct 2024Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States Passed 444 for, 179 against, 20 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections Resolution rejected 233 for, 360 against, 59 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2024Establishing the Ukraine Loan Cooperation Mechanism and providing exceptional macro-financial assistance to Ukraine Passed 518 for, 56 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2024Draft amending budget No 2/2024: entering the surplus of the financial year 2023 Passed 531 for, 91 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2024Draft amending budget No 4/2024: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to some decentralised agencies Passed 522 for, 115 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2024Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: application EGF/2024/001 BE/Match-Smatch Passed 601 for, 47 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 20242022 discharge: EU general budget – European Council and Council Passed 431 for, 131 against, 83 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
10 Oct 2024The cases of unjustly imprisoned Uyghurs in China, notably Ilham Tohti and Gulshan Abbas Adopted 540 for, 23 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Adopted 508 for, 53 against, 104 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024The democratic backsliding and threats to political pluralism in Georgia Adopted 495 for, 73 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Oct 2024Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Italy, Slovenia, Austria, Greece and France further to natural disasters that occurred in 2023 Passed 632 for, 7 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024EU/USA Agreement on the launch of Galileo satellites from U.S. Territory Consent given 582 for, 16 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Adopted 565 for, 8 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The severe situation of political prisoners in Belarus Adopted 549 for, 21 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Adopted 380 for, 182 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Adopted 425 for, 131 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Adopted 309 for, 201 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Sept 2024Maximum residue levels for carbendazim and thiophanate-methyl Objection passed 516 for, 129 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Sept 2024Maximum residue levels for cyproconazole Objection passed 522 for, 127 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jul 2024The need for the EU's continuous support for Ukraine Adopted 495 for, 137 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 20 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 29 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242320
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202422
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249291
7 Oct 202420
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 20241290
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245756
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243330
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202520
23 Jan 2025450
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253231
12 Feb 2025100
13 Feb 20253030
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202590
12 Mar 2025228213
13 Mar 20252421
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253533
2 Apr 2025251240
3 Apr 20256260
5 May 202550
6 May 20251010
7 May 20252200
8 May 2025103103
21 May 202520
22 May 20255351
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254140
18 Jun 20259189
19 Jun 20258776
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255550
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101100
10 Sept 2025340
11 Sept 2025690
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 2025550
9 Oct 20256558
20 Oct 202530
21 Oct 2025130
22 Oct 20251860
23 Oct 2025550
13 Nov 2025267244
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 20257574
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125125
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256646
17 Dec 2025430
18 Dec 2025420
20 Jan 20266755
21 Jan 2026112110
22 Jan 20265858
9 Feb 202620
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 20261410
24 Feb 20264342
9 Mar 202610
10 Mar 2026197195
11 Mar 20266059
12 Mar 2026340
25 Mar 202630
26 Mar 20266967
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225215
29 Apr 2026296214
30 Apr 20266866
18 May 202644
19 May 202633
20 May 20269694
21 May 20269897
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 2026400
17 Jun 2026127120
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267267
8 Jul 2026144134
9 Jul 2026670
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 20261550
16 Sept 20268062
17 Sept 2026124111

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Daniel OBAJTEK ECRPoland98 % of 3 552 shared81 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 3 905 shared81 %
Marlena MALĄG ECRPoland97 % of 4 186 shared81 %
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland97 % of 4 220 shared81 %
Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA ECRPoland96 % of 4 099 shared81 %
Piotr MÜLLER ECRPoland96 % of 3 776 shared81 %
Dominik TARCZYŃSKI ECRPoland96 % of 2 846 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland96 % of 4 194 shared81 %
Beata SZYDŁO ECRPoland96 % of 3 944 shared81 %
Mariusz KAMIŃSKI ECRPoland96 % of 4 198 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal75 % of 4 057 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain74 % of 3 940 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 142 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 110 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 231 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain74 % of 3 113 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain74 % of 3 254 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia73 % of 3 549 shared62 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland73 % of 3 725 shared67 %
Ondřej KOVAŘÍK Former memberPatriotsCzechia73 % of 920 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeVice-chair16 Jun 2025now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-MD DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-UA DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblyVice-chair3 Oct 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember23 Jan 202515 Jun 2025
Subcommittee on Security and DefenceSEDE SubcommitteeMember19 Jul 202419 Jan 2025
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 20242 Oct 2024

Show all 10 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Amending Directive (EU) 2022/2555 as regards simplification measures and alignment with the [Proposal for the Cybersecurity Act 2]Shadow rapporteur for an opinionIMCO7 May 2026
Establishing the Programme for agile and rapid defence innovation (AGILE)Shadow rapporteurSEDE7 May 2026
2025 Commission report on UkraineShadow rapporteurAFET6 Mar 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSEDE29 Jan 2026
Flagship European defence projects of common interestShadow rapporteur for an opinionIMCO21 Oct 2025
Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projectsShadow rapporteurIMCO29 Sept 2025
European Defence Readiness 2030: assessment of needsShadow rapporteurSEDE4 Sept 2025
Phasing out Russian natural gas imports, improving monitoring of potential energy dependencies and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1938Shadow rapporteur for an opinionIMCO4 Sept 2025
Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projectsShadow rapporteurSEDE16 Jul 2025
General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 - all sectionsShadow rapporteur for an opinionSEDE11 Jul 2025

Show all 18 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

41 contributions recorded, 15 written statements; 8 on behalf of their group; 36 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026Urgent need for EU support to Ukraine against Russia’s escalation of its war of aggression (debate) StatementRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
17 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Europe's response to reduced US military deployments in Europe, particularly at its Eastern flank in the light of the latest US decisions (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026Ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine (debate) StatementRead
27 Apr 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine StatementRead
10 Mar 2026Defence (joint debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
10 Feb 2026European response to the attacks on the Ukrainian energy system causing a humanitarian crisis (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Building a stronger European defence in light of an increasingly volatile international environment (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Jan 2026Drones and new systems of warfare – the EU’s need to adapt to be fit for today’s security challenges (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
20 Jan 2026CFSP and CSDP (Article 36 TEU) (joint debate) StatementRead
16 Dec 2025EU Defence Readiness (joint debate) StatementRead
25 Nov 2025European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’) (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Oct 2025United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure (debate) StatementRead
9 Sept 2025Ukraine (joint debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2025Situation in Belarus, in particular the release of political prisoners (debate) StatementRead
16 Jun 2025The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civilians (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
21 May 2025Russian energy phase-out, Nord Stream and the EU's energy sovereignty (debate) StatementRead
8 May 202580 years after the end of World War II - freedom, democracy and security as the heritage of Europe (debate) StatementRead
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget - Section III (A10-0042/2025 - Andrzej Halicki) (vote) Speech · 1 minRead
1 Apr 2025EU Preparedness Union Strategy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
1 Apr 2025Russia’s war crimes in Ukraine: standing with Ukraine and upholding justice (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
1 Apr 2025CFSP and CSDP (Article 36 TUE) (joint debate) StatementRead
31 Mar 2025One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
12 Mar 2025Frozen Russian assets (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Feb 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2025Need to detect and to counter sabotage by the Russian shadow fleet, damaging critical undersea infrastructure in the Baltic Sea (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2024Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Dec 2024One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2024Reinforcing EU’s unwavering support to Ukraine against Russia’s war of aggression and the increasing military cooperation between North Korea and Russia (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 Nov 20241000 days of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine (debate) StatementRead
14 Nov 2024Enhancing Europe’s civilian and defence preparedness and readiness (debate) StatementRead
23 Oct 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia (debate) StatementRead
22 Oct 2024Establishing the Ukraine Loan Cooperation Mechanism and providing exceptional macro-financial assistance to Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Oct 2024The rise of religious intolerance in Europe (continuation of debate) StatementRead
18 Sept 2024The severe situation of political prisoners in Belarus Speech · 1 minRead
18 Sept 2024The devastating floods in Central and Eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 3 minRead
17 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States (debate) Speech · 2 minRead

Questions and motions, 97

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
8 Sept 2026Effectiveness of EU funding for Russian civil society organisations and independent media E-10-2026-003551Written questionNot yet answered
4 Sept 2026Under-representation of Poland and Central and Eastern European countries in EEAS staff, in particular in management positions E-10-2026-003511Written questionNot yet answered
26 Aug 2026Verification of EU financial support for Russian civil society and independent media E-10-2026-003346Written questionNot yet answered
25 Aug 2026Conditions for providing support to Russian civil society organisations, human rights defenders and independent media from EU funds P-10-2026-003335Priority written questionNot yet answered
25 Aug 2026The position of Russian entities receiving EU funding on the Russian Federation’s war of aggression against Ukraine E-10-2026-003337Written questionNot yet answered
15 Jul 2026Servicing Russian Arc7-class LNG icebreakers and the effectiveness of the EU’s sanctions policy E-10-2026-002967Written question24 Aug 2026
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan B-10-2026-0351Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre B-10-2026-0356Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0327Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—

Show all 97 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 44

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
10 Jul 2026Towards an EU strategy to protect and strengthen the international justice system and its institutions, mechanisms and partners AFET-AM-790940 AFET23
2 Jul 2026From prototypes to capabilities – enabling new defence actors to scale up SEDE-AM-789957 SEDE50
1 Jul 2026Amending Directive (EU) 2022/2555 as regards simplification measures and alignment with the [Proposal for the Cybersecurity Act 2] IMCO-AM-790135 IMCO11
11 Jun 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure SEDE-AM-789927 SEDE44
13 May 2026Establishing the Programme for agile and rapid defence innovation (AGILE) CJ55-AM-788873 CJ5545
22 Apr 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine AFET-AM-786697 AFET29
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786978 CJ5716
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786976 CJ5741
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786975 CJ5734
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786977 CJ5737

Show all 44 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Michał DWORCZYK”. Member record. memberId 257076. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257076?page=13&speeches=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257076. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257076?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257076,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Michał DWORCZYK}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257076?page=13&speeches=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257076?page=13&speeches=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257076. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257076. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}