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Member

Janusz LEWANDOWSKI

EPP · Poland

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
97.0 %ⓘ of 66 roll calls in office · chamber median 93.9 % · 2024 (from july), final votes
With majority line
89.1 %ⓘ of 64 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.3 %
More facts (5)
National party
KO Koalicja Obywatelska
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
0 of 53 votesⓘ
Committees
BUDG (vice-chair), CONT (substitute), ECON (substitute)
Member id
23781
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term2024 (from July)20252026
Custom dates

Roll-call participation ⓘ

97.0 %

64 of 66 final votes while in office

EPP median: 92.4 % (+4.5 pts)

Chamber median: 93.9 %

With majority line ⓘ

89.1 %

57 of 64 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.3 % (−6.3 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

0.0 %

0 of 53 votes where their group had a clear line

Abstention ⓘ

9.4 %

6 of 64 votes cast

Participation 97.0 % — EPP median 92.4 %, 184 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 184 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Janusz LEWANDOWSKI97.0 %
EPP median92.4 %
Lowest in the group37.9 %
Highest in the group100.0 %
Members184
With majority line 89.1 % — EPP median 95.3 %, 152 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 152 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Janusz LEWANDOWSKI89.1 %
EPP median95.3 %
Lowest in the group69.8 %
Highest in the group100.0 %
Members152
  • 2024 (from July), 66 final votes; 66 of 81 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
16 Jun 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Belgium – EGF/2025/009 BE/Soliver Passed 602 for, 47 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026European political parties and foundations – 2026 report on the application of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 2025/2445 and on the activities funded Adopted 426 for, 140 against, 107 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Countering transnational repression – towards an EU strategy to protect Europe’s sovereignty and democratic values Adopted 434 for, 128 against, 104 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Role of trade in strengthening the EU’s economic security Adopted 415 for, 105 against, 142 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Reinforcing development cooperation to address irregular population movements and their root causes in partner countries Adopted 344 for, 237 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
21 May 2026Amending Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions as regards requirements for securitisation exposures Negotiating mandate approved 294 for, 192 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 on securitisation and a specific framework for simple, transparent and standardised securitisation Negotiating mandate approved 294 for, 194 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Periodic roadworthiness tests and technical roadside inspection (Roadworthiness package) Negotiating mandate approved 369 for, 126 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Rights, support and protection of victims of crime Passed 440 for, 49 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Repression and execution of protesters, dissidents, political prisoners and religious minorities in Iran Adopted 516 for, 14 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026Situation of women and girls in Afghanistan following the Taliban’s adoption of the Criminal Procedure Code for Courts Adopted 480 for, 5 against, 83 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026The cases of human rights and environmental defenders Andrie Yunus and Muhammad Rosidi in Indonesia Adopted 469 for, 38 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
21 May 2026The multiannual plan for the Baltic Sea and ways forward Adopted 337 for, 178 against, 44 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
21 May 2026Advancing towards a care society: addressing the gender care gap Adopted 263 for, 83 against, 154 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
21 May 2026The need to reduce work-related fatalities Adopted 395 for, 12 against, 41 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Uzbekistan Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement Consent given 493 for, 104 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026International Agreement on Olive Oil and Table Olives: amendment of Article 36 Consent given 644 for, 1 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026United Nations Convention against Cybercrime Consent given 497 for, 91 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Lebanon Agreement on cooperation between Eurojust and the authorities of Lebanon competent for judicial cooperation in criminal matters Consent given 581 for, 12 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Cook Islands Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement (2025-2032): Implementing Protocol Consent given 476 for, 101 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EC-São Tomé and Príncipe Fisheries Partnership Agreement (2025–2029): Implementing Protocol Consent given 545 for, 89 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Canada Agreement laying down the conditions for the participation of Canadian legal entities and products originating in Canada to procurement under the SAFE Instrument Consent given 466 for, 169 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026EU-Uzbekistan Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (resolution) Adopted 423 for, 16 against, 208 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026The impact of the implementation of the Maritime Spatial Planning Directive 2014/89/EU on fisheries in selected fishing areas and sea basins Adopted 518 for, 31 against, 102 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Adopted 369 for, 160 against, 112 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Adopted 347 for, 165 against, 25 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
20 May 2026Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU trade Adopted 527 for, 62 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 May 2026Negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market Passed 606 for, 16 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 May 2026Screening of foreign investments in the Union Passed 508 for, 64 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 May 2026Research Fund for Coal and Steel: research programme and multiannual technical and financial guidelines Passed 537 for, 17 against, 83 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Convention Establishing an International Claims Commission for Ukraine Consent given 465 for, 57 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Escalating trafficking and exploitation by criminal groups in Haiti Adopted 511 for, 21 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026New Chinese law on ‘ethnic unity and progress’ and the intensified suppression of ethnic identities Adopted 439 for, 52 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Shortcomings and deficiencies of the ‘Amnesty Law’ in Venezuela Adopted 507 for, 31 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Estimates of revenue and expenditure for the financial year 2027 – Section I – European Parliament Adopted 401 for, 116 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Financial literacy and the rise of finfluencers in the context of the savings and investments union Adopted 502 for, 46 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026How to secure a sustainable future for the EU livestock sector in light of the need to ensure food security, farmers’ resilience and the challenges posed by animal diseases? Adopted 426 for, 119 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Women’s entrepreneurship in rural and island areas and outermost regions Adopted 404 for, 102 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Banking Union – annual report 2025 Adopted 376 for, 187 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine Adopted 446 for, 63 against, 52 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
30 Apr 2026Supporting democratic resilience in Armenia Adopted 476 for, 47 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Simplification of certain requirements and procedures for chemical products Passed 540 for, 60 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Market stability reserve for the buildings, road transport and additional sector Passed 433 for, 120 against, 91 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026European Chemicals Agency and amending regulations Passed 526 for, 56 against, 69 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Amendment of the European Electoral Act allowing Members to vote in plenary by proxy voting during pregnancy and after giving birth Consent given 616 for, 24 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026EU-Iceland agreement on transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data to prevent, detect, investigate and prosecute terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 532 for, 75 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026International Cocoa Agreement Consent given 601 for, 13 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026EU-USA-Iceland-Norway Air Transport Agreement, and EU-Iceland-Norway Ancillary Agreement on the application of the Air Transport Agreement Consent given 631 for, 6 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026EU-Norway Agreement on transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 532 for, 72 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
29 Apr 2026Discharge 2024: EU general budget – Commission Discharge decision adopted 418 for, 207 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 0 of 16 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 202411
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 202466
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 202422
10 Oct 202411
22 Oct 202455
23 Oct 202422
24 Oct 202422
14 Nov 202455
26 Nov 202488
27 Nov 202477
28 Nov 202465
17 Dec 202466
18 Dec 202477
19 Dec 202454

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Bogdan Andrzej ZDROJEWSKI EPPPoland94 % of 4 898 shared89 %
Marie-Sophie CHRIST EPPGermany94 % of 1 361 shared89 %
Andrzej HALICKI EPPPoland94 % of 4 479 shared89 %
Adam JARUBAS EPPPoland94 % of 3 629 shared89 %
Krzysztof BREJZA EPPPoland93 % of 4 566 shared89 %
Jacek PROTAS EPPPoland93 % of 4 707 shared89 %
Bartłomiej SIENKIEWICZ EPPPoland93 % of 4 843 shared89 %
Andrzej BUŁA EPPPoland93 % of 4 512 shared89 %
Kamila GASIUK-PIHOWICZ EPPPoland93 % of 4 799 shared89 %
Bartosz ARŁUKOWICZ EPPPoland93 % of 4 695 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia82 % of 4 402 shared82 %
Sophie WILMÈS RenewBelgium82 % of 3 430 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium82 % of 4 754 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania82 % of 4 413 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland81 % of 3 956 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania81 % of 3 646 shared82 %
Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON RenewFinland81 % of 4 327 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands81 % of 3 807 shared82 %
Benoit CASSART RenewBelgium81 % of 4 546 shared82 %
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands81 % of 4 436 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on BudgetsBUDG CommitteeVice-chair23 Jul 2024now
Committee on Budgetary ControlCONT CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Economic and Monetary AffairsECON CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with MercosurDMER DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Anti-CorruptionIG10-01 Intergroup / working groupMember16 Jan 2025now
Committee on BudgetsBUDG CommitteeMember19 Jul 202422 Jul 2024

Show all 7 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationBUDG20 May 2026
System of own resources of the European Union and repealing Decision (EU, Euratom) 2020/2053Shadow rapporteur for an opinionECON20 May 2026
Establishing a budget expenditure tracking and performance framework and other horizontal rules for the Union programmes and activitiesOpinion rapporteurECON11 Mar 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Austria - EGF/2025/005 AT/KTMRapporteurBUDG13 Feb 2026
Establishing Global EuropeShadow rapporteur for an opinionBUDG22 Jan 2026
Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153Opinion rapporteurBUDG21 Jan 2026
Establishing Global EuropeOpinion rapporteurBUDG21 Jan 2026
General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 - all sectionsTrilogue negotiatorBUDG23 Oct 2025
Amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirementsOpinion rapporteurECON1 Apr 2025
No dossier namedRapporteurBUDG26 Mar 2025

Show all 13 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

9 contributions recorded; 13 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
28 Apr 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
17 Dec 2025Implementation of the rule of law conditionality regime (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
25 Nov 20252026 budgetary procedure: joint text (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Jul 2025The EU’s post-2027 long-term budget: Parliament’s expectations ahead of the Commission’s proposal (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
6 May 2025A revamped long-term budget for the Union in a changing world (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
31 Mar 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget - Section III (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 20242025 budgetary procedure: Joint text (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Oct 2024General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2025 – all sections (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
22 Oct 2024Establishing the Ukraine Loan Cooperation Mechanism and providing exceptional macro-financial assistance to Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 9 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 7

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
4 Feb 2026Escalating hybrid threats from Russia in the EU E-10-2026-000441Written questionwith 17 co-authors8 Jun 2026
8 Dec 2025EU-based banks, including Raiffeisen and UniCredit, still operate in Russia, raising concerns about sanctions circumvention and undermining EU credibility E-10-2025-004854Written questionwith 37 co-authors16 Mar 2026
17 Nov 2025Ensuring that prudential requirements under the Capital Requirements Regulation/Capital Requirements Directive do not undermine the omnibus package’s efforts to simplify reporting for SMEs E-10-2025-004575Written questionwith 4 co-authors5 Mar 2026
22 Jul 2025Reassessing the timetable and safeguards for ETS2: preventing price shocks and ensuring social readiness E-10-2025-003032Written questionwith 48 co-authors12 Nov 2025
2 Apr 2025The financing of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty E-10-2025-001357Written questionwith 38 co-authors3 Jun 2025
9 Dec 2024EU-Mercosur agreement E-10-2024-002829Written questionwith 18 co-authors3 Mar 2025
16 Oct 2024Fund for the protection and development of the frontier regions of countries bordering Ukraine, Belarus and Russia E-10-2024-002090Written questionwith 36 co-authors10 Jan 2025

Show all 7 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 22

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791103 ECON3
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791135 ECON13
27 Jul 2026on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2011/61/EU and 2014/65/EU as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791083 ECON2
27 Jul 2026on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2011/61/EU and 2014/65/EU as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791126 ECON3
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790099 CJ712
10 Jun 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 on sustainability-related disclosures in the financial services sector (SFDR), Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 on key information documents for packaged retail and insurance-based investment products (PRIIPs) and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/1288 ECON-AM-789857 ECON25
10 Jun 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2019/2088 on sustainability-related disclosures in the financial services sector (SFDR), Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 on key information documents for packaged retail and insurance-based investment products (PRIIPs) and repealing Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/1288 ECON-AM-789905 ECON33
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788892 ITRE1
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788896 ITRE2
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788903 ITRE1

Show all 22 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Janusz LEWANDOWSKI”. Member record. memberId 23781. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/23781?page=3&period=2024&scope=final (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/23781. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/23781?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-23781,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Janusz LEWANDOWSKI}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/23781?page=3&period=2024&scope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/23781?page=3&period=2024&scope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 23781. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/23781. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}