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Member

Özlem DEMIREL

The Left · Germany

Group
The Left
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
84.5 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
95.2 %ⓘ of 5 000 votes where the group had a line · The Left median 92.8 %
More facts (5)
National party
DIE LINKE.
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
112 of 4 645 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, EMPL (substitute), LIBE (substitute), SEDE
Member id
197468
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

84.5 %

5 009 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

The Left median: 88.5 % (−4.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

95.2 %

4 762 of 5 000 votes where their group had a line

The Left median: 92.8 % (+2.5 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.4 %

112 of 4 645 votes where their group had a clear line

50 opposite (for ↔ against), 51 abstained against the line, 11 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

4.5 %

225 of 5 009 votes cast

Participation 84.5 % — The Left median 88.5 %, 47 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 47 members of the The Left with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Özlem DEMIREL84.5 %
The Left median88.5 %
Lowest in the group44.2 %
Highest in the group99.3 %
Members47
With majority line 95.2 % — The Left median 92.8 %, 47 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 47 members of the The Left with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Özlem DEMIREL95.2 %
The Left median92.8 %
Lowest in the group81.9 %
Highest in the group96.9 %
Members47
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of The Left; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
10 Sept 2025Investments and reforms for European competitiveness and the creation of a Capital Markets Union Adopted 407 for, 161 against, 97 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Sept 2025Role of cohesion policy investment in resolving the current housing crisis Adopted 462 for, 142 against, 63 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
10 Sept 2025Future of agriculture and the post-2027 common agricultural policy Adopted 393 for, 145 against, 123 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Sept 2025Possibilities for simplification of cohesion funds Adopted 513 for, 111 against, 40 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
10 Sept 2025Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian hybrid threats and malign interference Adopted 490 for, 65 against, 86 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
9 Sept 2025Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehicles Passed 431 for, 145 against, 76 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Sept 2025EU-Brazil Agreement: cooperation with and through Europol and the Federal Police of Brazil Consent given 606 for, 5 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
9 Sept 2025EU-Kyrgyz Republic Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement Consent given 473 for, 114 against, 58 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Sept 2025EU-Kyrgyz Republic Enhanced Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (Resolution) Adopted 434 for, 49 against, 168 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Sept 2025Public procurement Adopted 432 for, 95 against, 124 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Sept 20252023 and 2024 reports on Ukraine Adopted 418 for, 135 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Jul 2025Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 as regards obligations of economic operators concerning battery due diligence policies Passed 542 for, 97 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Jul 2025Motion of censure on the Commission Rejected 175 for, 360 against, 18 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
10 Jul 2025Case of Ryan Cornelius in Dubai Adopted 511 for, 50 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Jul 2025Arbitrary arrest and torture of Belgian-Portuguese researcher Joseph Figueira Martin in the Central African Republic Adopted 617 for, 4 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
10 Jul 2025Urgent need to protect religious minorities in Syria following the recent terrorist attack on Mar Elias Church in Damascus Adopted 625 for, 7 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Jul 2025Future of the EU biotechnology and biomanufacturing sector: leveraging research, boosting innovation and enhancing competitiveness Adopted 494 for, 83 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Jul 2025Tackling China’s critical raw materials export restrictions Adopted 523 for, 75 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2025European Climate Law Urgent procedure refused 300 for, 379 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2025Amending Regulation (EU) No 1026/2012 on certain measures for the purpose of the conservation of fish stocks in relation to countries allowing non-sustainable fishing Passed 681 for, 4 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2025Draft amending budget No 1/2025: entering the surplus of the financial year 2024 Passed 534 for, 102 against, 56 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
9 Jul 2025Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Austria, Poland, Czechia, Slovakia and Moldova relating to floods that occurred in September 2024 and Bosnia and Herzegovina relating to floods that occurred in October 2024 Passed 643 for, 13 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2025Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: Application EGF/2025/000 TA 2025 - Technical assistance at the initiative of the Commission Passed 574 for, 63 against, 56 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2025Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add certain countries to the list of high-risk third countries, and to remove other countries from that list Objection failed 264 for, 369 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2025Deforestation Regulation - list of countries presenting a low or high risk Objection passed 373 for, 289 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2025Product safety and regulatory compliance in e-commerce and non-EU imports Adopted 619 for, 26 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 20252023 and 2024 reports on Albania Adopted 502 for, 120 against, 64 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 20252023 and 2024 reports on Bosnia and Herzegovina Adopted 495 for, 130 against, 63 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 20252023 and 2024 reports on North Macedonia Adopted 461 for, 121 against, 107 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 20252023 and 2024 reports on Georgia Adopted 490 for, 147 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2025Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2025 High-Level Political Forum Adopted 422 for, 219 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2025The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civilians Adopted 507 for, 77 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Tie
8 Jul 2025Bulgaria’s adoption of the euro on 1 January 2026 Passed 531 for, 69 against, 79 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2025The role of gas storage for securing gas supplies ahead of the winter season Passed 542 for, 109 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2025Temporary derogation from certain provisions of Regulations (EU) 2017/2226 and (EU) 2016/399 Passed 572 for, 42 against, 67 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2025VAT: taxable persons, special scheme and special arrangements for declaration and payment, relating to distance sales of imported goods Passed 623 for, 26 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2025EU-Greenland and Denmark Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement: Implementing Protocol 2025-2030 Consent given 616 for, 29 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
8 Jul 2025EU-Greenland and Denmark Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement: Implementing Protocol 2025-2030 (Resolution) Adopted 561 for, 109 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
8 Jul 2025Financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2024 Adopted 417 for, 188 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2025Security of energy supply in the EU Adopted 459 for, 170 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Jun 2025Welfare of dogs and cats and their traceability Passed 457 for, 17 against, 86 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Jun 2025Case of Ahmadreza Djalali in Iran Adopted 486 for, 8 against, 29 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Jun 2025Media freedom in Georgia, particularly the case of Mzia Amaglobeli Adopted 324 for, 25 against, 87 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Jun 2025Dissolution of political parties and the crackdown on the opposition in Mali Adopted 511 for, 14 against, 25 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Jun 2025Electricity grids: the backbone of the EU energy system Adopted 418 for, 112 against, 45 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Jun 2025Clean Industrial Deal Adopted 381 for, 173 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2025Macro-financial assistance to Egypt Passed 386 for, 132 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2025EU/Euratom Agreement on the interpretation and application of the Energy Charter Treaty: adoption by Euratom Passed 557 for, 47 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2025Adoption by the Union of the Agreement on the interpretation and application of the Energy Charter Treaty Passed 554 for, 53 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2025Implementation report on the Recovery and Resilience Facility Adopted 421 for, 180 against, 55 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Tie

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 20 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242320
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202422
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249286
7 Oct 202420
8 Oct 202410
9 Oct 2024180
10 Oct 202440
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129126
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243635
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245755
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244544
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 2025320
12 Feb 2025100
13 Feb 2025300
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228213
13 Mar 20252421
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253534
2 Apr 2025251236
3 Apr 20256260
5 May 202555
6 May 2025106
7 May 2025220188
8 May 20251030
21 May 202520
22 May 20255351
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254140
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 2025870
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255554
9 Jul 2025134131
10 Jul 20253633
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253423
11 Sept 20256969
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256561
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186182
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267266
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 202510099
27 Nov 2025125120
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256665
17 Dec 20254341
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266766
21 Jan 2026112107
22 Jan 20265856
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261311
12 Feb 2026141141
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197195
11 Mar 20266059
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266968
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225224
29 Apr 2026296293
30 Apr 20266865
18 May 202644
19 May 202633
20 May 20269695
21 May 20269895
15 Jun 202620
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127123
18 Jun 2026770
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267269
8 Jul 2026144140
9 Jul 20266748
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 20261550
16 Sept 2026800
17 Sept 20261240

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within The Left

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Martin GÜNTHER The LeftGermany98 % of 2 483 shared87 %
Irene MONTERO The LeftSpain95 % of 4 608 shared87 %
Rudi KENNES The LeftBelgium95 % of 4 954 shared87 %
Isabel SERRA SÁNCHEZ The LeftSpain95 % of 3 037 shared87 %
Martin SCHIRDEWAN The LeftGermany94 % of 4 606 shared87 %
Catarina MARTINS The LeftPortugal94 % of 4 072 shared87 %
Estrella GALÁN The LeftSpain94 % of 4 327 shared87 %
Ilaria SALIS The LeftItaly93 % of 4 138 shared87 %
Luke Ming FLANAGAN The LeftIreland93 % of 3 874 shared87 %
Giorgos GEORGIOU The LeftCyprus93 % of 4 103 shared87 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Ana MIRANDA PAZ GreensSpain85 % of 3 943 shared77 %
Vicent MARZÀ IBÁÑEZ GreensSpain83 % of 4 628 shared77 %
Benedetta SCUDERI GreensItaly82 % of 4 777 shared77 %
Cristina GUARDA GreensItaly82 % of 4 186 shared77 %
Jaume ASENS LLODRÀ GreensSpain81 % of 3 884 shared77 %
David CORMAND GreensFrance81 % of 4 818 shared77 %
Leoluca ORLANDO GreensItaly81 % of 4 303 shared77 %
Mélissa CAMARA GreensFrance81 % of 4 353 shared77 %
Saskia BRICMONT GreensBelgium81 % of 4 685 shared77 %
Ignazio Roberto MARINO GreensItaly80 % of 3 636 shared77 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Employment and Social AffairsEMPL CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation to the EU-Türkiye Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-TR Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Children’s RightsIG10-06 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Trade UnionsIG10-24 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Subcommittee on Security and DefenceSEDE SubcommitteeMember19 Jul 202419 Jan 2025
Delegation for relations with IranD-IR DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 202423 Sept 2025

Show all 9 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2027 - all sectionsShadow rapporteur for an opinionSEDE16 Jul 2026
A compass for Global Gateway in a world of crises - further guidance for core instruments, flagship projects and the Team Europe approachShadow rapporteurAFET24 Jun 2026
Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2026Shadow rapporteurSEDE24 Jun 2026
The 28th regime corporate legal framework – 'EU Inc.'Shadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL5 Jun 2026
From prototypes to capabilities – enabling new defence actors to scale upShadow rapporteurSEDE5 Jun 2026
Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2026Shadow rapporteurSEDE19 May 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurAFET5 Mar 2026
Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the UnionShadow rapporteurSEDE27 Feb 2026
Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153Shadow rapporteur for an opinionSEDE27 Feb 2026
Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers following an application from Austria - EGF/2025/005 AT/KTMShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL13 Feb 2026

Show all 36 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

65 contributions recorded; 17 on behalf of their group; 90 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine (debate) on behalf of The LeftSpeech · 2 minRead
7 Jul 2026Urgent measures to strengthen the competitiveness and safeguard quality jobs in the EU’s automotive sector (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026The role of the EU in efforts for peace and stability throughout the Middle East after the announced deal between the US and Iran (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Situation of women and girls in Afghanistan following the Taliban's adoption of the Criminal Procedure Code for Courts on behalf of The LeftSpeech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Mar 2026Global Gateway – past impacts and future orientation (debate) on behalf of The LeftSpeech · 2 minRead
25 Mar 2026Conclusions of the European Council meeting of 19 March 2026 (debate) on behalf of The LeftSpeech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 146

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
10 Sept 2026Use of SAFE Regulation loans to procure cluster munitions and anti-personnel mines E-10-2026-003606Written questionwith 3 co-authorsNot yet answered
7 Sept 2026Climate change, public health and the world of work: for a directive on maximum working temperatures O-10-2026-000035Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Aug 2026Classification of the maritime emergency observed by Frontex on 11 May 2026 E-10-2026-003390Written questionNot yet answered
31 Aug 2026Frontex’s aerial observation of the maritime emergency on 11 May 2026 E-10-2026-003391Written questionNot yet answered
31 Aug 2026Involvement of Libyan authorities in communication on the maritime emergency of 11 May 2026 E-10-2026-003389Written questionNot yet answered
31 Aug 2026Transmission of information on the 11 May 2026 incident to Frontex Situation Centre teams and national contact points E-10-2026-003392Written questionNot yet answered
24 Aug 2026Is Seahorse Advanced replacing the SIVE network on West Africa’s Atlantic coast? E-10-2026-003316Written questionNot yet answered
30 Jul 2026Delays caused by the entry/exit system in summer 2026 E-10-2026-003176Written question11 Sept 2026
30 Jul 2026Frontex weapons and coercive equipment E-10-2026-003172Written question17 Sept 2026
30 Jul 2026Deportations to Afghanistan and the Taliban’s designation as a terrorist organisation E-10-2026-003178Written questionNot yet answered

Show all 146 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 56

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 56 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political groups this term

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Özlem DEMIREL”. Member record. memberId 197468. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197468?page=9&rows=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197468. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197468?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197468,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Özlem DEMIREL}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197468?page=9&rows=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197468?page=9&rows=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197468. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197468. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}