Decision
United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure
- Effect
- Adopted
- Result
- 469 for · 97 against · 38 abstained roll call
- Date
- 9 October 2025, 13:20–13:28
- Kind
- Resolution
More facts (9)
- Margin
- by a large majority
- Dossier
- 2025/2901(RSP)
- Source
- Motion for a resolution
- Topics
- Foreign affairsDefence & security Assigned by a model, not checked by hand.
- Votes
- 49 votes · 18 roll calls · 4 amendments
- Requested by
- The Left (1 roll call, 2 split votes, 1 separate vote) · Greens (3 split votes) · S&D (1 split vote, 1 separate vote) · Renew (1 roll call, 1 split vote) · ECR (1 roll call, 6 split votes) · Patriots (1 roll call, 5 split votes, 1 separate vote)
- Sitting
- Thursday 9 October 2025
- Final vote
- 179770
Result
The final vote and what it means for this kind of decision.
Final vote: 469 for, 97 against, 38 abstained (roll call).
Adopted by a large majority.
Parliament adopted the text as its official position.
Before the final vote, MEPs decided on 4 amendments (4 rejected) and 38 parts of the text voted on separately (32 adopted, 4 rejected, 2 lapsed). 6 alternative motions lapsed once the text was adopted.
Backed by Greens, S&D, Renew, EPP, ECR and Patriots; opposed by The Left and ESN.
Groups
| Group | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Majority line | Clear line | Cohesion | Bar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Left | For 4 | Against 30 | Abst. 3 | No vote 9 of 46 | Majority line Against | Clear line Against | Cohesion 0.72 | |
| Greens | For 37 | Against 0 | Abst. 9 | No vote 7 of 53 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.71 | |
| S&D | For 93 | Against 3 | Abst. 1 | No vote 39 of 136 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.94 | |
| Renew | For 60 | Against 0 | Abst. 0 | No vote 15 of 75 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 1.00 | |
| EPP | For 162 | Against 0 | Abst. 5 | No vote 21 of 188 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.96 | |
| ECR | For 65 | Against 1 | Abst. 1 | No vote 12 of 79 | Majority line For | Clear line For | Cohesion 0.96 | |
| Patriots | For 40 | Against 21 | Abst. 17 | No vote 7 of 85 | Majority line For | Clear line Divided | Cohesion 0.27 | |
| ESN | For 4 | Against 21 | Abst. 0 | No vote 2 of 27 | Majority line Against | Clear line Against | Cohesion 0.76 | |
| No group | For 4 | Against 21 | Abst. 2 | No vote 3 of 30 | Majority line — | Clear line No line | Cohesion — |
Members who changed group are counted in the group of the day: Branko GRIMS changed group, Elena YONCHEVA changed group, Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group, Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK changed group, Jessika VAN LEEUWEN changed group, Laurent CASTILLO changed group, Lukas SIEPER changed group, Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group, Nikolas FARANTOURIS changed group, Pina PICIERNO changed group, Roberto VANNACCI changed group, Sander SMIT changed group, Taner KABILOV changed group.
Voted against their group, 31
Members who voted otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds of the votes cast, at least 10 members voting) of the group they sat in that day. A group without a clear line is divided and not counted.
The Left line Against · 4 voted for, 3 abstained of 37 who voted
Voted for (4)
- Jussi SARAMO Finland
- Li ANDERSSON Finland
- Merja KYLLÖNEN Finland
- Per CLAUSEN Denmark
Abstained (3)
- Hanna GEDIN Sweden
- Ilaria SALIS Italy
- Jonas SJÖSTEDT Sweden
Greens line For · 9 abstained of 46 who voted
Abstained (9)
- Ana MIRANDA PAZ Spain
- Benedetta SCUDERI Italy
- Cristina GUARDA Italy
- Diana RIBA I GINER Spain
- Ignazio Roberto MARINO Italy
- Jaume ASENS LLODRÀ Spain
- Leoluca ORLANDO Italy
- Saskia BRICMONT Belgium
- Vicent MARZÀ IBÁÑEZ Spain
S&D line For · 3 voted against, 1 abstained of 97 who voted
Voted against (3)
- Alex AGIUS SALIBA Malta
- Daniel ATTARD Malta
- Thomas BAJADA Malta
Abstained (1)
- Cecilia STRADA Italy
EPP line For · 5 abstained of 167 who voted
Abstained (5)
- Christophe GOMART France
- David CASA Malta
- Laurent CASTILLO France
- Nadine MORANO France
- Peter AGIUS Malta
ECR line For · 1 voted against, 1 abstained of 67 who voted
ESN line Against · 4 voted for of 25 who voted
Voted for (4)
- Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK Poland
- Marcin SYPNIEWSKI Poland
- Petras GRAŽULIS Lithuania
- Sarah KNAFO France
Countries
The final vote by national delegation.
Votes by country (27 delegations)
| Country | For | Against | Abst. | No vote | Cohesion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 12 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0.56 |
| Belgium | 11 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 0.47 |
| Bulgaria | 10 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 0.65 |
| Cyprus | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Czechia | 16 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0.76 |
| Germany | 60 | 24 | 1 | 11 | 0.56 |
| Denmark | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.90 |
| Estonia | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Spain | 38 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 0.62 |
| Finland | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1.00 |
| France | 60 | 8 | 5 | 8 | 0.73 |
| Greece | 9 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0.34 |
| Croatia | 11 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 |
| Hungary | 0 | 12 | 0 | 9 | 1.00 |
| Ireland | 9 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0.63 |
| Italy | 43 | 13 | 6 | 14 | 0.54 |
| Lithuania | 10 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1.00 |
| Luxembourg | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — |
| Latvia | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Malta | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — |
| Netherlands | 21 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0.71 |
| Poland | 47 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 0.97 |
| Portugal | 10 | 1 | 0 | 10 | 0.86 |
| Romania | 20 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 0.86 |
| Sweden | 18 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0.85 |
| Slovenia | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Slovakia | 7 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0.31 |
Members
Each member’s recorded position on the final roll call, in the group they sat in that day. Filter by country, group, position or name.
Debate speakers and how they voted
| Member | Group | Speeches | Spoke | Final vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nathalie LOISEAU France | Renew | Speeches3 | 9 Oct 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Roberta METSOLA Malta | EPP | Speeches2 | 9 Oct 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | No vote recorded |
| Petras AUŠTREVIČIUS Lithuania | Renew | Speeches2 | 9 Oct 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Jacek OZDOBA Poland | ECR | Speeches1 | 9 Oct 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
| Eszter LAKOS Hungary | EPP | Speeches3 | 8 Oct 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | No vote recorded |
| Andrey NOVAKOV Bulgaria | EPP | Speeches2 | 8 Oct 2025 (verbatim report, official site) | For |
Show the other 96 speakers
All votes on this decision, 49
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Separate vote on paragraph 1 | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: The Left |
| 2 | Separate vote on paragraph 1 | Roll call | 0 for, 0 against, 0 abstained Lapsed | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: The Left |
| 3 | Separate vote on paragraph 1 | Roll call | 0 for, 0 against, 0 abstained Lapsed | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: The Left |
Show the other 48 votesShow the other 46 votes
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Separate vote on paragraph 1 | Roll call | 0 for, 0 against, 0 abstained Lapsed | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: The Left |
| 3 | Separate vote on paragraph 1 | Roll call | 0 for, 0 against, 0 abstained Lapsed | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: The Left |
| No. | Vote | Recorded | Result | Requested by |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | Paragraph 2 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: “Encourages any initiative that enables the EU and its Member States to take coordinated, united and proportionate action against all violations of their airspace, including shooting down airborne threats;” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: The Left |
| 5 | Paragraph 2 — part 2 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 2/2 Part voted on: ‘strongly condemns Russia’s reckless and escalatory actions of violating the airspace of EU Member States’ | Roll call | 540 for, 34 against, 28 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: The Left |
| 6 | Paragraph 2 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: ‘strongly condemns Russia’s reckless and escalatory actions of violating the airspace of EU Member States’ | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: The Left |
| 7 | Separate vote on paragraph 4 | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested byseparate: The Left |
| 8 | Vote on text inserted after paragraph 4 | Counted | 253 for, 297 against, 60 abstained Rejected | |
| 9 | Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 4 RC-B10-0419/2025 – After § 4 – Am 5 | Roll call | 86 for, 451 against, 70 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 10 | Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 4 RC-B10-0419/2025 – After § 4 – Am 6 | Roll call | 57 for, 443 against, 105 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 11 | Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 4 RC-B10-0419/2025 – After § 4 – Am 7 | Roll call | 65 for, 457 against, 83 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 12 | Vote on text inserted after paragraph 4 | Show of hands | Rejected | |
| 13 | Paragraph 5 — part 1 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 5/1 Part voted on: “Underlines that the EU and its Member States remain firmly committed to the rules-based international order and to all diplomatic efforts aimed at achieving a comprehensive, just and lasting peace for Ukraine, in full respect of its sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity within its internationally recognised borders;” | Roll call | 543 for, 15 against, 44 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left, Patriots; split: Patriots |
| 14 | Paragraph 5 — part 2 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 5/2 Part voted on: ‘calls, in this regard, for the Member States and the EU to closely and effectively coordinate their diplomatic initiatives in multilateral organisations, including the UN, in order to counter Russia’s systematic breaches of international law;’ | Roll call | 533 for, 9 against, 62 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: The Left; split: Patriots |
| 15 | Separate vote on paragraph 6 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 6 | Roll call | 443 for, 112 against, 52 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots |
| 16 | Paragraph 9 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘is convinced that the headline goal process should cover not only crisis management but also collective defence, including the full capability spectrum under the national and international capability objectives’ and ‘insists on the urgent need to move towards a genuine European Defence Union, complementing NATO, and building on and going further than current frameworks such as that provided in the White Paper for European Defence – Readiness 2030;’” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: ECR, Patriots |
| 17 | Paragraph 9 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: “is convinced that the headline goal process should cover not only crisis management but also collective defence, including the full capability spectrum under the national and international capability objectives” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: ECR, Patriots |
| 18 | Paragraph 9 — part 3 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 9/3 Part voted on: “insists on the urgent need to move towards a genuine European Defence Union, complementing NATO, and building on and going further than current frameworks such as that provided in the White Paper for European Defence – Readiness 2030;” | Roll call | 356 for, 218 against, 39 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: ECR, Patriots |
| 19 | Paragraph 10 — part 1 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 10/1 Part voted on: ‘Calls for advances towards a European command-and-control structure that not only manages crises in line with the common security and defence policy (CSDP), but also serves as the equivalent of NATO’s Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE);’ | Roll call | 361 for, 210 against, 41 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: ECR, Patriots |
| 20 | Paragraph 10 — part 2 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 10/2 Part voted on: “notes that, to avoid duplication, such a structure should complement SHAPE and would provide proper resources to the EU Military Staff (EUMS);” | Roll call | 369 for, 212 against, 35 abstained Adopted | Requested bysplit: ECR, Patriots |
| 21 | Paragraph 10 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: ‘Calls for advances towards a European command-and-control structure that not only manages crises in line with the common security and defence policy (CSDP), but also serves as the equivalent of NATO’s Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE);’ | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: ECR, Patriots |
| 22 | Paragraph 10 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: “notes that, to avoid duplication, such a structure should complement SHAPE and would provide proper resources to the EU Military Staff (EUMS);” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: ECR, Patriots |
| 23 | Vote on text inserted after paragraph 11 | Show of hands | Adopted | |
| 24 | Separate vote on paragraph 15 | Show of hands | Adopted | |
| 25 | Separate vote on paragraph 16 | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested byseparate: S&D |
| 26 | Paragraph 22 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: “Underlines the need for targets for both UAV and counter-UAV development, to ensure comprehensive UAV capabilities;” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens |
| 27 | Paragraph 22 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: “calls on the Commission to propose exemptions from EU environmental legislation for UAV manufacturing facilities;” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens |
| 28 | Separate vote on paragraph 24 | Show of hands | Adopted | |
| 29 | Vote on text inserted after paragraph 24 | Show of hands | Adopted | |
| 30 | Separate vote on paragraph 27 | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: S&D, Renew, ECR, Patriots |
| 31 | Paragraph 27 — part 2 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 27/2 Part voted on: “and calls for military support for the Member States concerned to be funded from the European Peace Facility;” | Roll call | 233 for, 272 against, 104 abstained Rejected | Requested bysplit: S&D, Renew, ECR, Patriots |
| 32 | Paragraph 27 — part 3 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 27/3 Part voted on: “is convinced that any Member State that opposes recourse to the European Peace Facility in such cases contravenes its duty of loyalty and solidarity under Article 24(3) TEU and its obligation of mutual aid and assistance enshrined in Article 42(7) TEU; considers, therefore, that an opposing vote may not be considered in the Council; recalls that constructive abstention should be possible for those Member States whose constitutional prerogatives require it;” | Roll call | 204 for, 380 against, 16 abstained Rejected | Requested bysplit: S&D, Renew, ECR, Patriots |
| 33 | Paragraph 28 — part 1 of 2 Part voted on: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘through instrumentalised migration,’” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens |
| 34 | Paragraph 28 — part 2 of 2 Part voted on: “those words” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens |
| 35 | Separate vote on paragraph 32 | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: ECR, Patriots |
| 36 | Paragraph 32 — part 2 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 32/2 Part voted on: ‘calls for the lifting of restrictions on the use of Western weapons systems delivered to Ukraine against military targets on Russian territory, as these are used for launching attacks on Ukraine’s population and critical civilian infrastructure;’ | Roll call | 378 for, 160 against, 64 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Patriots; split: ECR, Patriots |
| 37 | Separate vote on paragraph 33 RC-B10-0419/2025 – § 33 | Roll call | 416 for, 140 against, 48 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: ECR, Patriots |
| 38 | Amendment 3, adding text after recital A RC-B10-0419/2025 – After recital A – Am 3 | Roll call | 54 for, 464 against, 88 abstained Rejected | Requested byroll call: The Left |
| 39 | Separate vote on recital N | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested byseparate: Patriots |
| 40 | Recital Q — part 1 of 3 Part voted on: “Text as a whole without the words: ‘the United States’ stance on’ and ‘and should be strengthened’” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens, ECR |
| 41 | Recital Q — part 2 of 3 Part voted on: ‘the United States’ stance on’ | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens, ECR |
| 42 | Recital Q — part 3 of 3 Part voted on: “and should be strengthened” | Show of hands | Adopted | Requested bysplit: Greens, ECR |
| 43 | Final vote — text as a whole RC-B10-0419/2025 – Motion for a resolution (as a whole) | Roll call | 469 for, 97 against, 38 abstained Adopted | Requested byroll call: Renew |
| 44 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0419/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 45 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0421/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 46 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0422/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 47 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0423/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 48 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0424/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed | |
| 49 | Alternative motion for a resolution B10-0437/2025 | Show of hands | Lapsed |
Roll calls requested by The Left, Renew, ECR, Patriots · split votes by The Left (2), Greens (3), S&D, Renew, ECR (6), Patriots (5) · separate votes by The Left, S&D, Patriots.
Text
The text voted on.
AI: What this vote decides Written by AI from the official text — check the source
Parliament adopted a resolution on a united response to recent Russian violations of EU member states' airspace and critical infrastructure.
The text condemns Russia's military and hybrid provocations, expresses solidarity with affected states, and calls for a coordinated EU response with NATO.
It urges member states to review rules of engagement and set up joint projects for a layered EU air defence system.
AI: The text in short Written by AI from the official text — check the source
Parliament condemns Russia's military and hybrid provocations, including airspace violations, and declares Russia a deliberate threat to EU security.
Dossier
Where the dossier stands and its other decisions in plenary.
2025/2901(RSP) · Resolution on a topical subject
Parliament adopted the text on 9 October 2025. This is its final position on the matter.
Show the 3 steps of the dossier
- Tabled for plenary (done)
- Plenary vote · Adopted 9 October 2025 (done)
- Parliament’s position · Final (done)
Connections
What this decision touches: the procedural chain, the same text, running issues, votes that split the chamber the same way.
Show 29 connections: Running issue: Russia's war against Ukraine · Running issue: EU defence readiness · Running issue: EU defence and security partnerships · Running issue: Hybrid warfare against EU · Final votes that split the chamber the same way
Running issue: Russia's war against Ukraine
- Issue Russia's war against Ukraine Running issue · Conflict 16 Sept 2026
- Decision Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Resolution · report by Rasa Juknevičienė 16 Sept 2026 Adopted
- Decision Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Budget decision · report by Andrzej Halicki 15 Sept 2026 Passed
- Decision 2025 Commission report on Ukraine Resolution · report by Michael Gahler 8 Jul 2026 Adopted
- Decision Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland Resolution · motion for a resolution 18 Jun 2026 Adopted
- Decision Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Resolution · report by Andrey Kovatchev 20 May 2026 Adopted
Running issue: EU defence readiness
- Issue EU defence readiness Running issue · EU initiative 16 Sept 2026
- Decision Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) New EU law · report by Sven Mikser, Pierfrancesco Maran, Aura Salla 16 Sept 2026 Passed
- Decision Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) New EU law · report by Lucia Yar, Henrik Dahl 16 Sept 2026 Passed
- Decision Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) New EU law · report by Pekka Toveri, Anna-Maja Henriksson 16 Sept 2026 Passed
- Decision Flagship European defence projects of common interest Resolution · report by Lucia Annunziata 11 Mar 2026 Adopted
- Decision Tackling barriers to the single market for defence Resolution · report by Tobias Cremer 11 Mar 2026 Adopted
Running issue: EU defence and security partnerships
- Issue EU defence and security partnerships Running issue · EU initiative 16 Sept 2026
- Decision Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Resolution · report by Rasa Juknevičienė 16 Sept 2026 Adopted
- Decision Recommendation on the changing geopolitical situation in East Asia and the need for closer cooperation with like-minded partners in the region Resolution · report by Adam Bielan 7 Jul 2026 Adopted
- Decision EU-Canada Agreement laying down the conditions for the participation of Canadian legal entities and products originating in Canada to procurement under the SAFE Instrument International agreement · report by Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann, Borys Budka 20 May 2026 Consent given
- Decision Flagship European defence projects of common interest Resolution · report by Lucia Annunziata 11 Mar 2026 Adopted
- Decision Recommendation on enhanced EU-Canada cooperation in the current geopolitical context, including the threats to Canada’s economic stability and sovereignty Resolution · report by Tobias Cremer 11 Mar 2026 Adopted
Running issue: Hybrid warfare against EU
- Issue Hybrid warfare against EU Running issue · Conflict 16 Sept 2026
- Decision Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Resolution · report by Rasa Juknevičienė 16 Sept 2026 Adopted
- Decision Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Resolution · report by Tomas Tobé 15 Sept 2026 Adopted
- Decision Continuous Belarusian hybrid attacks against Lithuania Resolution · motion for a resolution 18 Dec 2025 Adopted
- Decision Russia’s disinformation and historical falsification to justify its war of aggression against Ukraine Resolution · motion for a resolution 23 Jan 2025 Adopted
- Decision Setting up a Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield, and defining its responsibilities, numerical strength and term of office Resolution · motion for a resolution 18 Dec 2024 Adopted
Final votes that split the chamber the same way
- Decision Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland Resolution · motion for a resolution 18 Jun 2026 Adopted
- Decision Ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine Resolution · motion for a resolution 30 Apr 2026 Adopted
- Decision Incentivising defence-related investments in the EU budget to implement the ReArm Europe Plan New EU law · report by Rihards Kols 16 Dec 2025 Passed
- Decision Drones and new systems of warfare – the EU’s need to adapt to be fit for today’s security challenges Resolution · report by Reinis Pozņaks 22 Jan 2026 Adopted
- Decision The human cost of Russia’s war against Ukraine and the urgent need to end Russian aggression: the situation of illegally detained civilians and prisoners of war, and the continued bombing of civilians Resolution · motion for a resolution 9 Jul 2025 Adopted
Sources & citation
Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.
- Official sources
- Data source
- Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- Retrieved
- 25 September 2026
Cite as
European Parliament (2025). “United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure”. Decision, 9 October 2025. votingId 179770, document B-10-2025-0437, reference 2025/2901(RSP). EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-10-09/9 (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official sources: Roll-call votes, sitting of 9 October 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-10-09-RCV_EN.html; Results of votes, sitting of 9 October 2025 (European Parliament), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-10-09-VOT_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-10-09, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meetings/MTG-PL-2025-10-09/decisions?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0).
BibTeX
@misc{epw-decision-2025-10-09-9,
author = {{European Parliament}},
title = {{United response to recent Russian violations of the EU Member States’ airspace and critical infrastructure}},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-10-09},
howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-10-09/9}},
url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/decisions/2025-10-09/9},
urldate = {2026-09-25},
publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
note = {Decision. votingId 179770, document B-10-2025-0437, reference 2025/2901(RSP). Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-10-09-RCV\_EN.html, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/PV-10-2025-10-09-VOT\_EN.html. Data: EP Open Data API: decisions of the sitting MTG-PL-2025-10-09 (CC BY 4.0)}
}