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Member

Gabriele BISCHOFF

S&D · Germany

Group
S&D
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
95.0 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
97.6 %ⓘ of 589 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
11 of 583 votesⓘ
Committees
AFCO (vice-chair), EMPL
Member id
197435
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

95.0 %

589 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (+5.5 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

97.6 %

575 of 589 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (+0.5 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.9 %

11 of 583 votes where their group had a clear line

6 opposite (for ↔ against), 5 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.5 %

9 of 589 votes cast

Participation 95.0 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Gabriele BISCHOFF95.0 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 97.6 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Gabriele BISCHOFF97.6 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
26 Nov 2025Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders Passed 402 for, 250 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2025Increasing the efficiency of the EU guarantee under the InvestEU Regulation and simplifying reporting requirements Passed 519 for, 65 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Collection of statistical information by the European Central Bank Passed 521 for, 110 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Draft amending budget No 3/2025: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updates Passed 519 for, 99 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1818 as regards the definition of prohibited weapons Objection failed 88 for, 388 against, 184 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
26 Nov 2025Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2429 as regards origin labelling for fruit and vegetables originating in the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara Objection failed 359 for, 188 against, 76 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 20252026 budgetary procedure: joint text Adopted 419 for, 185 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025EU’s diplomatic strategy and geopolitical cooperation in the Arctic Adopted 510 for, 75 against, 80 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Protection of minors online Adopted 483 for, 92 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Access to finance for SMEs and scale-ups Adopted 360 for, 298 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
25 Nov 2025European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’) Passed 457 for, 148 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Enhancing police cooperation in relation to the prevention, detection and investigation of migrant smuggling and trafficking in human beings; enhancing Europol’s support to preventing and combating such crimes Passed 556 for, 74 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified maize DAS1131 Objection passed 453 for, 171 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified cotton MON 88913 Objection passed 452 for, 182 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified oilseed rape MON 88302 Objection passed 456 for, 166 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified soybean MON 87708 Objection passed 453 for, 179 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified maize MON 87427 Objection passed 426 for, 157 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Existence of a clear risk of a serious breach by Hungary of the values on which the Union is founded Adopted 415 for, 193 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Ensuring faster registration and uptake of biological control agents Adopted 590 for, 28 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report) Adopted 330 for, 273 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Impact of artificial intelligence on the financial sector Adopted 426 for, 182 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 20252024 budget: assessing the implementation of the gender mainstreaming methodology in the EU budget Adopted 389 for, 213 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Decision to maintain the action before the Court of Justice for the annulment of the decision of the Commission on the withdrawal of the Standard essential patents proposal Adopted 334 for, 294 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Passed 379 for, 248 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction Passed 454 for, 172 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Passed 382 for, 249 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Passed 543 for, 72 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Passed 370 for, 160 against, 107 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Andorra agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 605 for, 29 against, 0 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-San Marino agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 606 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Monaco agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 610 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Liechtenstein agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 611 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Switzerland agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 605 for, 26 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Consent given 515 for, 93 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Spain and France in relation to natural disasters in 2024 and 2025 Passed 622 for, 10 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Addressing transnational repression of human rights defenders Adopted 512 for, 76 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Opinion from the Court of Justice on the compatibility with the Treaties of the proposed Agreement on Digital Trade between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Rejected 136 for, 432 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore (Resolution) Adopted 572 for, 18 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Gender Equality Strategy 2025 Adopted 310 for, 222 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Dates of application and transitional provisions for chemical products Passed 441 for, 108 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Soil Monitoring and Resilience (Soil Monitoring Law) Passed 220 for, 341 against, 10 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2025InvestEU Fund strategic investments in the field of defence Objection failed 124 for, 401 against, 41 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2025Specifying a methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions savings from low-carbon fuels Objection failed 175 for, 374 against, 25 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2025Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola Summit Adopted 367 for, 98 against, 113 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Resolution adopted 384 for, 202 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and Council Discharge decision adopted 441 for, 125 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Discharge 2023: Agencies Discharge decision adopted 476 for, 99 against, 72 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Institutional consequences of the EU enlargement negotiations Adopted 310 for, 277 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Polarisation and increased repression in Serbia, one year after the Novi Sad tragedy Adopted 457 for, 103 against, 72 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Situation in Belarus, five years after the fraudulent presidential elections Adopted 458 for, 18 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 3 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Katarina BARLEY S&DGermany99 % of 4 096 shared93 %
René REPASI S&DGermany98 % of 5 342 shared93 %
Udo BULLMANN S&DGermany98 % of 4 821 shared93 %
Jens GEIER S&DGermany98 % of 4 833 shared93 %
Birgit SIPPEL S&DGermany98 % of 4 566 shared93 %
Tobias CREMER S&DGermany98 % of 5 238 shared93 %
Vivien COSTANZO S&DGermany98 % of 5 579 shared93 %
Delara BURKHARDT S&DGermany98 % of 4 435 shared93 %
Bernd LANGE S&DGermany98 % of 5 178 shared93 %
Matthias ECKE S&DGermany98 % of 5 170 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium90 % of 4 127 shared86 %
Ľudovít ÓDOR RenewSlovakia90 % of 5 354 shared86 %
Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group RenewItaly90 % of 1 689 shared86 %
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands89 % of 5 625 shared86 %
Lucia YAR RenewSlovakia89 % of 5 656 shared86 %
Martin HOJSÍK RenewSlovakia89 % of 5 200 shared86 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands89 % of 5 689 shared86 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia89 % of 4 887 shared86 %
Brigitte VAN DEN BERG RenewNetherlands89 % of 4 859 shared86 %
Michal WIEZIK RenewSlovakia89 % of 5 233 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Constitutional AffairsAFCO CommitteeVice-chair23 Jul 2024now
Committee on Employment and Social AffairsEMPL CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Special Committee on the Housing Crisis in the European UnionHOUS Special committeeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with CanadaD-CA DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with Australia and New ZealandDANZ DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Children’s RightsIG10-06 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on LGBTIQ+IG10-16 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on the Social Economy and Services of General InterestIG10-23 Intergroup / working groupMember30 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Trade UnionsIG10-24 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Committee on Constitutional AffairsAFCO CommitteeMember19 Jul 202422 Jul 2024

Show all 10 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
European political parties and foundations – 2026 report on the application of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 2025/2445 and on the activities fundedShadow rapporteurAFCO18 Mar 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationEMPL10 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationHOUS14 Jul 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationEMPL12 May 2025
\"\"Strengthening the social impact in public procurement in the EU\"\"RapporteurEMPL13 Jan 2025
\"\"Public procurement (2024/2103 INI)\"\"Shadow rapporteurEMPL13 Jan 2025
2021/0375(COD) The statute and funding of European political parties and European political foundations (recast)Shadow rapporteurAFCO6 Nov 2024
Establishment and functioning of European Works Councils (pending mandate to start Trilogue phase) and effective enforcement of transnational information and consultation rights Amending Directive 2009/38 - 2024/0006 (COD),Shadow rapporteurEMPL3 Oct 2024
Proposal for a Regulation amending Regulation (EC) No 883/2004 on the coordination of social security systems and regulation (EC) No 987/2009 laying down the procedure for implementing Regulation (EC) No 883/2004,RapporteurEMPL27 Sept 2024
No dossier namedCommittee vice-chairAFCO22 Jul 2024

Show all 10 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

54 contributions recorded; 17 on behalf of their group; 88 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 21

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Sept 2026Access to electronic vehicle systems for vehicles adapted for persons with disabilities E-10-2026-003434Written questionwith 1 co-authorNot yet answered
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
16 Jun 2026Promoting ‘freedom to stay’ for the completion of the single market for a more resilient Europe and a locally anchored industrial policy E-10-2026-002476Written questionwith 17 co-authors4 Sept 2026
10 Jun 2026Potential conflict of interest in the appointment of the Special Envoy for Industrial AI P-10-2026-002401Priority written questionwith 37 co-authors13 Aug 2026
17 Apr 2026Taxation of windfall profits in the energy sector O-10-2026-000019Oral questionwith 53 co-authorsNot yet answered
9 Mar 2026Public procurement and deaths at work: choosing the best bidder in social terms and making social rights and safety at work a condition for access to contracts O-10-2026-000011Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
4 Feb 2026Mayor of Budapest fined and charged without trial for organising a Pride march in the EU E-10-2026-000446Written questionwith 81 co-authors10 Apr 2026
20 Jan 2026Ban AI-powered nudity and undressing applications from the EU market E-10-2026-000202Written questionwith 52 co-authors9 Mar 2026
19 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protection of EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materials B-10-2025-0500Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—
2 Jul 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission delegated regulation of 10 June 2025 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add Algeria, Angola, Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, Laos, Lebanon, Monaco, Namibia, Nepal and Venezuela to the list of high-risk third countries which have provided a written high-level political commitment to address the identified deficiencies and have developed an action plan with the FATF, and to remove Barbados, Gibraltar, Jamaica, Panama, the Philippines, Senegal, Uganda and the United Arab Emirates from that list B-10-2025-0315Motion for a resolutionwith 28 co-authors—
7 May 2025Bridgestone’s restructuring plan for its plants in the Basque Country and Cantabria E-10-2025-001853Written questionwith 5 co-authors14 Jul 2025
8 Apr 2025The situation of truck drivers in Europe who come from countries outside the EU E-10-2025-001423Written questionwith 5 co-authors17 Jul 2025
8 Apr 2025Truck drivers on strike in Venlo, the Netherlands E-10-2025-001422Written questionwith 5 co-authors2 Jun 2025
1 Apr 2025Withdrawal of the Horizontal Anti-Discrimination Directive P-10-2025-001330Priority written questionwith 40 co-authors21 May 2025
26 Mar 2025Status of the implementation of the initiative for an annual designation of European Capitals for Children E-10-2025-001253Written question26 Aug 2025
25 Mar 2025Draft 15th amendment to the Hungarian Constitution E-10-2025-001233Written questionwith 32 co-authors23 Jul 2025
18 Mar 2025Withdrawal of the proposed horizontal anti-discrimination directive P-10-2025-001148Priority written questionwith 46 co-authors24 Jul 2025
12 Feb 2025The Commission’s recent statement on the 28th regime and labour law E-10-2025-000673Written questionwith 8 co-authors11 Jun 2025
13 Jan 2025Protecting the Bundestag elections – threat of X manipulating votes E-10-2025-000093Written questionwith 17 co-authors4 Mar 2025
2 Dec 2024Potential downgrade of the protection status of the wolf E-10-2024-002717Written questionwith 27 co-authors18 Feb 2025
24 Oct 2024Access to justice for European Works Council – Verizon Ireland case E-10-2024-002254Written questionwith 1 co-author20 Dec 2024

Amendments tabled in committee, 39

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
22 May 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2019/1238 on a pan-European Personal Pension Product (PEPP) EMPL-AM-788963 EMPL42
19 May 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 EMPL-AM-788901 EMPL43
12 May 2026Establishing the European Social Fund as part of the National and Regional Partnership Plan set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRPPlan] establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to quality employment, skills and social inclusion for the period from 2028 to 2034 EMPL-AM-788860 EMPL9
23 Apr 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation of 30 October 2020 on A Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee and replacing the Council Recommendation of 22 April 2013 on establishing a Youth Guarantee EMPL-AM-787792 EMPL59
23 Apr 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation of 30 October 2020 on A Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee and replacing the Council Recommendation of 22 April 2013 on establishing a Youth Guarantee EMPL-AM-787791 EMPL17
27 Mar 2026European political parties and foundations – 2026 report on the application of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 2025/2445 and on the activities funded AFCO-AM-786733 AFCO7
24 Mar 2026Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 EMPL-AM-786760 EMPL51
24 Mar 2026Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 EMPL-AM-786727 EMPL17
30 Jan 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 BUDG-AM-784188 BUDG2
30 Jan 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 BUDG-AM-784187 BUDG7

Show all 39 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Gabriele BISCHOFF”. Member record. memberId 197435. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197435?docs=all&page=7&scope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197435. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197435?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197435,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Gabriele BISCHOFF}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197435?docs=all&page=7&scope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197435?docs=all&page=7&scope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197435. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197435. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}