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Member

Marco TARQUINIO

S&D · Italy

Group
S&D
Country
Italy
Roll-call participation
86.8 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
93.8 %ⓘ of 5 143 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 96.3 %
More facts (5)
National party
PD Partito Democratico
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
276 of 5 055 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), DEVE, LIBE (substitute)
Member id
257160
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

86.8 %

5 145 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

S&D median: 89.9 % (−3.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.8 %

4 825 of 5 143 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 96.3 % (−2.4 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

5.5 %

276 of 5 055 votes where their group had a clear line

203 opposite (for ↔ against), 59 abstained against the line, 14 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

2.5 %

128 of 5 145 votes cast

Participation 86.8 % — S&D median 89.9 %, 138 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 138 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Marco TARQUINIO86.8 %
S&D median89.9 %
Lowest in the group30.4 %
Highest in the group99.6 %
Members138
With majority line 93.8 % — S&D median 96.3 %, 138 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 138 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Marco TARQUINIO93.8 %
S&D median96.3 %
Lowest in the group81.9 %
Highest in the group99.4 %
Members138
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
26 Nov 2025Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders Passed 402 for, 250 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2025Increasing the efficiency of the EU guarantee under the InvestEU Regulation and simplifying reporting requirements Passed 519 for, 65 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Collection of statistical information by the European Central Bank Passed 521 for, 110 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Draft amending budget No 3/2025: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updates Passed 519 for, 99 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/1818 as regards the definition of prohibited weapons Objection failed 88 for, 388 against, 184 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
26 Nov 2025Amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2429 as regards origin labelling for fruit and vegetables originating in the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara Objection failed 359 for, 188 against, 76 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
26 Nov 20252026 budgetary procedure: joint text Adopted 419 for, 185 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025EU’s diplomatic strategy and geopolitical cooperation in the Arctic Adopted 510 for, 75 against, 80 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Protection of minors online Adopted 483 for, 92 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2025Access to finance for SMEs and scale-ups Adopted 360 for, 298 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
25 Nov 2025European Defence Industry Programme and a framework of measures to ensure the timely availability and supply of defence products (‘EDIP’) Passed 457 for, 148 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Enhancing police cooperation in relation to the prevention, detection and investigation of migrant smuggling and trafficking in human beings; enhancing Europol’s support to preventing and combating such crimes Passed 556 for, 74 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified maize DAS1131 Objection passed 453 for, 171 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified cotton MON 88913 Objection passed 452 for, 182 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified oilseed rape MON 88302 Objection passed 456 for, 166 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified soybean MON 87708 Objection passed 453 for, 179 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Genetically modified maize MON 87427 Objection passed 426 for, 157 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Existence of a clear risk of a serious breach by Hungary of the values on which the Union is founded Adopted 415 for, 193 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Ensuring faster registration and uptake of biological control agents Adopted 590 for, 28 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Institutional aspects of the report on the future of European competitiveness (Draghi Report) Adopted 330 for, 273 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Impact of artificial intelligence on the financial sector Adopted 426 for, 182 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 20252024 budget: assessing the implementation of the gender mainstreaming methodology in the EU budget Adopted 389 for, 213 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2025Decision to maintain the action before the Court of Justice for the annulment of the decision of the Commission on the withdrawal of the Standard essential patents proposal Adopted 334 for, 294 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Passed 379 for, 248 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction Passed 454 for, 172 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Passed 382 for, 249 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Passed 543 for, 72 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Passed 370 for, 160 against, 107 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Andorra agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 605 for, 29 against, 0 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-San Marino agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 606 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Monaco agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 610 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Liechtenstein agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 611 for, 26 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025EU-Switzerland agreement on the automatic exchange of financial account information: Amending Protocol Passed 605 for, 26 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Consent given 515 for, 93 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Spain and France in relation to natural disasters in 2024 and 2025 Passed 622 for, 10 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Addressing transnational repression of human rights defenders Adopted 512 for, 76 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Opinion from the Court of Justice on the compatibility with the Treaties of the proposed Agreement on Digital Trade between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Rejected 136 for, 432 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore (Resolution) Adopted 572 for, 18 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Gender Equality Strategy 2025 Adopted 310 for, 222 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Dates of application and transitional provisions for chemical products Passed 441 for, 108 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Soil Monitoring and Resilience (Soil Monitoring Law) Passed 220 for, 341 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2025InvestEU Fund strategic investments in the field of defence Objection failed 124 for, 401 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
23 Oct 2025Specifying a methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions savings from low-carbon fuels Objection failed 175 for, 374 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
23 Oct 2025Renewing the EU-Africa partnership: building common priorities ahead of the Angola Summit Adopted 367 for, 98 against, 113 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Resolution adopted 384 for, 202 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – European Council and Council Discharge decision adopted 441 for, 125 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Discharge 2023: Agencies Discharge decision adopted 476 for, 99 against, 72 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Institutional consequences of the EU enlargement negotiations Adopted 310 for, 277 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Polarisation and increased repression in Serbia, one year after the Novi Sad tragedy Adopted 457 for, 103 against, 72 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025Situation in Belarus, five years after the fraudulent presidential elections Adopted 458 for, 18 against, 84 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 11 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242323
18 Jul 202410
16 Sept 202421
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249289
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129126
24 Oct 2024138
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202421
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 2024119
28 Nov 20245755
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244542
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254543
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253231
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 20253027
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228217
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253534
2 Apr 2025251241
3 Apr 20256260
5 May 202555
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220219
8 May 2025103103
21 May 202522
22 May 20255353
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258787
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255552
9 Jul 2025134128
10 Jul 20253635
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 20251010
10 Sept 20253432
11 Sept 20256968
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202554
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256562
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186183
23 Oct 20255553
13 Nov 2025267261
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 20257574
26 Nov 202510099
27 Nov 2025125123
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256665
17 Dec 20254321
18 Dec 20254239
20 Jan 20266767
21 Jan 2026112101
22 Jan 20265856
9 Feb 202620
10 Feb 2026380
11 Feb 2026130
12 Feb 20261410
24 Feb 20264342
9 Mar 202610
10 Mar 20261970
11 Mar 2026600
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225215
29 Apr 2026296287
30 Apr 20266865
18 May 202643
19 May 202633
20 May 20269693
21 May 20269850
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264039
17 Jun 2026127121
18 Jun 20267772
6 Jul 202622
7 Jul 20267272
8 Jul 2026144135
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155151
16 Sept 20268077
17 Sept 2026124124

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Cecilia STRADA S&DItaly96 % of 4 757 shared93 %
Georgia TRAMACERE S&DItaly96 % of 1 693 shared93 %
Sandro RUOTOLO S&DItaly96 % of 4 019 shared93 %
Matteo RICCI S&DItaly95 % of 4 225 shared93 %
Annalisa CORRADO S&DItaly95 % of 4 098 shared93 %
Alessandra MORETTI S&DItaly95 % of 4 865 shared93 %
Giuseppe LUPO S&DItaly95 % of 4 817 shared93 %
Nicola ZINGARETTI S&DItaly95 % of 4 585 shared93 %
Irene TINAGLI S&DItaly95 % of 4 986 shared93 %
Antonio DECARO Former memberS&DItaly95 % of 2 112 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Irena JOVEVA RenewSlovenia87 % of 4 830 shared86 %
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium86 % of 3 850 shared86 %
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands85 % of 5 069 shared86 %
Lukas SIEPER changed group RenewGermany85 % of 4 866 shared50 %
Barry ANDREWS RenewIreland85 % of 4 469 shared86 %
Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group RenewItaly85 % of 1 439 shared86 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia85 % of 4 729 shared86 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands85 % of 5 133 shared86 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance85 % of 4 716 shared86 %
Brigitte VAN DEN BERG RenewNetherlands85 % of 4 308 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on DevelopmentDEVE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Subcommittee on Human RightsDROI SubcommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Albania Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeD-AL Joint parliamentary committeeChair30 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-CL Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Central America, including the EU-Central America Association Parliamentary CommitteeDCAM DelegationMember27 Apr 2026now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblyMember27 Apr 2026now
Intergroup on Anti-Racism and DiversityIG10-02 Intergroup / working groupChair co14 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Cancer and Rare DiseasesIG10-05 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now

Show all 18 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationDEVE9 Sept 2026
Human Rights and Democracy in the world and the European Union’s policy on the matter – annual report 2026Shadow rapporteurAFET13 Jul 2026
D-CL mission to Chile from 13 to 15 JulyOfficial delegationD-CL30 Jun 2026
EuroLat Parliamentary Assembly Meetings / May 26th 28thOfficial delegationDLAT5 May 2026
EU-Syria political relationsShadow rapporteurAFET23 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET4 Feb 2026
No dossier namedDelegation chairD-AL13 Jan 2026
No dossier namedDelegation chairD-AL10 Dec 2025
Reinforcing development cooperation to address irregular population movements and their root causes in partner countriesShadow rapporteurDEVE25 Sept 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegation11 Sept 2025

Show all 19 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

22 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 29 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 22 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 110

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro, B-10-2026-0400Motion for a resolutionwith 6 co-authors—
7 Sept 2026Extraterritorial impact of the US designation of Autistici/Inventati as a terrorist entity P-10-2026-003526Priority written questionwith 28 co-authorsNot yet answered
22 Jul 2026EU support for the Global Partnership for Education ahead of the 2026 Replenishment Conference E-10-2026-003098Written questionwith 7 co-authors31 Aug 2026
16 Jul 2026Urgent appeal for the release of Dr Hussam Abu Safiya E-10-2026-003029Written questionwith 17 co-authors2 Sept 2026
7 Jul 2026Transparency regarding EU-funded infrastructure destroyed in Gaza E-10-2026-002805Written questionwith 39 co-authors4 Sept 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
16 Jun 2026Visa ban for (ex-)combatants of armed forces implicated in serious violations E-10-2026-002483Written questionwith 23 co-authors30 Jul 2026
10 Jun 2026Potential conflict of interest in the appointment of the Special Envoy for Industrial AI P-10-2026-002401Priority written questionwith 37 co-authors13 Aug 2026
10 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the recruitment of children by organised crime B-10-2026-0275Motion for a resolutionwith 33 co-authors—
9 Jun 2026Protection of Italian citizen Nessy Guerra and her daughter, a minor, in Egypt E-10-2026-002377Written questionwith 23 co-authors7 Aug 2026

Show all 110 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 73

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Jul 2026General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2027 - all sections AFET-AM-791057 AFET12
10 Jul 2026Towards an EU strategy to protect and strengthen the international justice system and its institutions, mechanisms and partners AFET-AM-790940 AFET37
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790062 CJ656
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790057 CJ6510
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790059 CJ655
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790061 CJ6514
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790058 CJ651
15 Jun 2026A new co-ownership for the future of Euro-Mediterranean relations – the Pact for the Mediterranean AFET-AM-789979 AFET49
15 Jun 2026EU-Syria political relations AFET-AM-789951 AFET69
26 May 2026Establishing Global Europe CJ19-AM-789071 CJ1915

Show all 73 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Italy National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Marco TARQUINIO”. Member record. memberId 257160. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257160?page=7&rows=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257160. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257160?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257160,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Marco TARQUINIO}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257160?page=7&rows=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257160?page=7&rows=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257160. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257160. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}