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Member

Mariusz KAMIŃSKI

ECR · Poland

Group
ECR
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
98.2 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
91.9 %ⓘ of 5 804 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 91.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PiS Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
153 of 5 066 votesⓘ
Committees
DEVE (substitute), LIBE
Member id
257056
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

98.2 %

5 821 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

ECR median: 91.6 % (+6.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

91.9 %

5 331 of 5 804 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 91.1 % (+0.7 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

3.0 %

153 of 5 066 votes where their group had a clear line

62 opposite (for ↔ against), 86 abstained against the line, 5 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

7.9 %

459 of 5 821 votes cast

Participation 98.2 % — ECR median 91.6 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Mariusz KAMIŃSKI98.2 %
ECR median91.6 %
Lowest in the group47.1 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members79
With majority line 91.9 % — ECR median 91.1 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Mariusz KAMIŃSKI91.9 %
ECR median91.1 %
Lowest in the group66.8 %
Highest in the group93.7 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 38 — part 1 316 for, 161 against, 175 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 27 — part 2 458 for, 174 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 27 — part 1 517 for, 93 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 9 — part 2 504 for, 91 against, 64 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Tie
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 8 — part 2 423 for, 153 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 8 — part 1 595 for, 24 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 7 — part 2 345 for, 295 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 8 to paragraph 7 269 for, 371 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 2 — part 1 494 for, 74 against, 88 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 7 to paragraph 2 106 for, 340 against, 200 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 483 for, 103 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 49 195 for, 429 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 49 254 for, 389 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 6 to paragraph 49 261 for, 379 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 46 — part 3 483 for, 50 against, 132 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 46 — part 2 301 for, 273 against, 77 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 46 — part 1 462 for, 46 against, 143 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 46 358 for, 211 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 4 to paragraph 46 148 for, 433 against, 78 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 33 114 for, 532 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 21 188 for, 416 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 21 201 for, 425 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 18 184 for, 424 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 18 183 for, 432 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 17 203 for, 424 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Amendment 8 to paragraph 11 196 for, 424 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 486 for, 101 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Amendment 4 to paragraph 53 554 for, 63 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Separate vote on paragraph 31 454 for, 143 against, 56 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 27 101 for, 534 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 10 412 for, 114 against, 120 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Amendment 3 to paragraph 1 510 for, 103 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 381 for, 107 against, 171 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 64 202 for, 433 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 6 to paragraph 57 202 for, 348 against, 107 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 49 207 for, 412 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 48 144 for, 430 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 40, adding text after paragraph 46 224 for, 401 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 5 to paragraph 46 307 for, 294 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 49, adding text after paragraph 43 89 for, 447 against, 116 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 43 186 for, 403 against, 69 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Separate vote on paragraph 42 470 for, 125 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 32 to paragraph 40 207 for, 428 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 31 to paragraph 40 241 for, 345 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 30 to paragraph 40 224 for, 408 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 29 to paragraph 39 193 for, 431 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 37 229 for, 401 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 37 204 for, 436 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 36 185 for, 458 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 13 to paragraph 36 196 for, 457 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 3 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242318
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202421
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249290
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129129
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202420
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245757
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253231
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 2025300
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228223
13 Mar 20252422
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251249
3 Apr 20256261
5 May 202555
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220218
8 May 2025103101
21 May 202522
22 May 20255353
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258786
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134133
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256968
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255554
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186175
23 Oct 20255554
13 Nov 2025267264
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125125
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266766
21 Jan 2026112109
22 Jan 20265858
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263837
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 2026141141
24 Feb 20264341
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197196
11 Mar 20266060
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225222
29 Apr 2026296293
30 Apr 20266865
18 May 202644
19 May 202633
20 May 20269694
21 May 20269898
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264035
17 Jun 2026127127
18 Jun 20267776
6 Jul 202622
7 Jul 20267272
8 Jul 2026144144
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155151
16 Sept 20268078
17 Sept 2026124124

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland98 % of 5 289 shared81 %
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland97 % of 5 760 shared81 %
Marlena MALĄG ECRPoland97 % of 5 672 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 5 722 shared81 %
Piotr MÜLLER ECRPoland97 % of 4 970 shared81 %
Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 5 613 shared81 %
Beata SZYDŁO ECRPoland97 % of 5 437 shared81 %
Daniel OBAJTEK ECRPoland97 % of 4 819 shared81 %
Bogdan RZOŃCA ECRPoland97 % of 5 771 shared81 %
Maciej WĄSIK ECRPoland97 % of 5 608 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal75 % of 5 552 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain75 % of 5 165 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain75 % of 5 545 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain74 % of 5 430 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain74 % of 5 774 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 348 shared68 %
Ondřej KOVAŘÍK Former memberPatriotsCzechia74 % of 1 173 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 442 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia74 % of 4 723 shared62 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland73 % of 5 265 shared67 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on DevelopmentDEVE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Subcommittee on Human RightsDROI SubcommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Special Committee on the European Democracy ShieldEUDS Special committeeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-MD DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 2024now

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Protocol amending the Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of TerrorismShadow rapporteurLIBE3 Sept 2026
Establishing Global EuropeShadow rapporteurDEVE30 Jun 2026
Union Civil Protection Mechanism and Union support for health emergency preparedness and response, and repealing Decision No 1313/2013/EU (Union Civil Protection Mechanism)Shadow rapporteur for an opinionDEVE6 Mar 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Agreement between the European Union and Iceland on the transfer of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data to prevent, detect, investigate and prosecute terrorist offences and serious crimeShadow rapporteurLIBE12 Jan 2026
shadow rapporteur for the AFET/DROI report on addressing impunity through EU sanctions, including the EUGHRSR (so-called ‘EU Magnitsky Act’) (2025/2049(INI),Trilogue negotiator17 Oct 2025
shadow rapporteur for the DROI/AFET report on Addressing transnational repression of human rights defenders (AFET/10/02327 2025/2048(INI))Trilogue negotiator14 Jul 2025
Instrumentalisation in the field of migration and asylum – 2021/0427(COD)RapporteurLIBE27 Jan 2025
Combating corruption. 2023/0135(COD) DirectiveShadow rapporteurLIBE1 Oct 2024

Show all 8 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

64 contributions recorded, 23 written statements; 12 on behalf of their group; 57 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026Funeral for war criminal Ratko Mladić and glorification of war crimes in Serbia (debate) StatementRead
8 Jul 2026Future of EU support for Russian democratic forces, anti-war actors and repressed civil society (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Moldova (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) (debate) StatementRead
19 May 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
19 May 2026Europe's response to reduced US military deployments in Europe, particularly at its Eastern flank in the light of the latest US decisions (debate) StatementRead
29 Apr 2026New Chinese law on ‘ethnic unity and progress’ and the intensified suppression of ethnic identities Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 136

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders B-10-2026-0411Motion for a resolutionwith 10 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre B-10-2026-0356Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—
2 Jul 2026EU anti-corruption strategy and the fight against corruption in EU institutions E-10-2026-002746Written question3 Sept 2026
25 Jun 2026Influence on the design of the AML/CFT package of the former Commissioner Didier Reynders, who stands accused of money laundering P-10-2026-002642Priority written questionNot yet answered
25 Jun 2026Infringement of Article 245 TFEU and the Code of Conduct for the Members of the European Commission by Commissioner Didier Reynders E-10-2026-002643Written question12 Aug 2026
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0327Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Nicaragua - the cases of Carlos Brenes, Salvadora del Socorro Martínez Aburto and Brooklyn Rivera B-10-2026-0317Motion for a resolutionwith 20 co-authors—

Show all 136 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 64

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 64 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
27 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Mariusz KAMIŃSKI”. Member record. memberId 257056. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257056?page=16&seats=all&vscope=all (retrieved 27 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257056. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257056?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257056,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Mariusz KAMIŃSKI}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257056?page=16&seats=all&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257056?page=16&seats=all&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-27},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257056. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257056. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}