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Member

Jean-Paul GARRAUD

Patriots · France

Group
Patriots PfE
Country
France
Roll-call participation
91.1 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
92.7 %ⓘ of 5 380 votes where the group had a line · Patriots median 82.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
RN Rassemblement national
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
26 of 4 308 votesⓘ
Committees
AFCO
Member id
197628
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

91.1 %

5 401 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

Patriots median: 91.1 % (±0.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

92.7 %

4 988 of 5 380 votes where their group had a line

Patriots median: 82.7 % (+10.0 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

0.6 %

26 of 4 308 votes where their group had a clear line

8 opposite (for ↔ against), 18 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

11.3 %

613 of 5 401 votes cast

Participation 91.1 % — Patriots median 91.1 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Jean-Paul GARRAUD91.1 %
Patriots median91.1 %
Lowest in the group44.5 %
Highest in the group99.9 %
Members89
With majority line 92.7 % — Patriots median 82.7 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Jean-Paul GARRAUD92.7 %
Patriots median82.7 %
Lowest in the group72.5 %
Highest in the group92.9 %
Members89
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of Patriots; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
17 Sept 2026Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong Kong following the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung Adopted 459 for, 12 against, 86 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Sept 2026Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro Adopted 374 for, 198 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026An EU health workforce crisis plan: sustainability of healthcare systems and employment and working conditions in the healthcare sector Adopted 514 for, 61 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya Adopted 562 for, 1 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Impact of social media and the online environment on young people Adopted 395 for, 136 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Sept 2026The role of social, economic and environmental standards in safeguarding fair competition for all aquatic food products and improving food security Adopted 467 for, 92 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Adopted 368 for, 172 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Adopted 601 for, 4 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Adopted 339 for, 225 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Strengthening global health resilience in partner countries Adopted 319 for, 142 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) Passed 549 for, 92 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) Passed 540 for, 105 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Passed 530 for, 125 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Passed 496 for, 53 against, 125 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation 2028-2034 Passed 600 for, 21 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Tie
16 Sept 2026Nuclear decommissioning assistance programme of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania for the period 2028-2034 Passed 625 for, 20 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Switzerland Agreement on the transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 549 for, 75 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-UK Agreement regarding cooperation on the application of their respective competition laws Consent given 640 for, 5 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Iceland Agreement on the participation of Iceland in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 631 for, 7 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Norway Agreement on the participation of Norway in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 612 for, 8 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean GMB151 x DAS-44406-6 Objection passed 442 for, 184 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 94313 Objection passed 457 for, 184 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified maize MON 87460 Objection passed 433 for, 159 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Adopted 470 for, 129 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026An EU cardiovascular diseases strategy Adopted 545 for, 47 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Adopted 390 for, 218 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Passed 464 for, 50 against, 159 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Passed 433 for, 97 against, 146 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Passed 367 for, 240 against, 59 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the buildings, road transport and additional sectors Passed 467 for, 158 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation into Union law of measures adopted by regional fisheries management organisations Passed 559 for, 48 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM): fishing in the GFCM Agreement area Passed 580 for, 51 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Temporary trade-liberalisation measures applicable to Armenian products Passed 583 for, 49 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Passed 440 for, 127 against, 104 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Adopted 420 for, 220 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Adopted 530 for, 77 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Adopted 477 for, 124 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Global role of the euro Adopted 405 for, 146 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Establishment of the digital euro Negotiating mandate approved 416 for, 169 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Adopted 476 for, 28 against, 96 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Adopted 510 for, 1 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness Adopted 366 for, 192 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement Consent given 479 for, 119 against, 65 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026Protection of the environment through criminal law Consent given 499 for, 99 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Interim Agreement on Trade Consent given 474 for, 131 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026EU–Morocco Euro-Mediterranean Aviation Agreement: accession to the EU of Croatia (Protocol) Consent given 625 for, 16 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU-Morocco Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting out the terms and conditions for the participation of Morocco in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA): amendment and supplement Consent given 573 for, 35 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Objection passed 388 for, 248 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Lead in certain fishing tackle Objection failed 197 for, 455 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize NK603 × T25 Objection passed 460 for, 189 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 9 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242323
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202422
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129129
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245755
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 2024450
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254545
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253231
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 2025305
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228228
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251251
3 Apr 20256262
5 May 202554
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220219
8 May 2025103103
21 May 202520
22 May 2025530
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254140
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258787
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256968
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186186
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267251
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125125
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266767
21 Jan 2026112112
22 Jan 20265858
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 20261410
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197197
11 Mar 20266060
12 Mar 2026340
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225223
29 Apr 2026296295
30 Apr 20266868
18 May 202644
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 2026980
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127126
18 Jun 20267753
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 2026720
8 Jul 2026144143
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155154
16 Sept 20268079
17 Sept 2026124124

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Patriots

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marie-Luce BRASIER-CLAIN PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 398 shared74 %
Séverine WERBROUCK PatriotsFrance100 % of 4 732 shared74 %
Julien LEONARDELLI PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 116 shared74 %
Anne-Sophie FRIGOUT PatriotsFrance100 % of 4 817 shared74 %
Matthieu VALET PatriotsFrance100 % of 3 725 shared74 %
Valérie DELOGE PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 280 shared74 %
Marie DAUCHY PatriotsFrance100 % of 4 200 shared74 %
Gilles PENNELLE PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 335 shared74 %
Fabrice LEGGERI PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 226 shared74 %
Julie RECHAGNEUX PatriotsFrance100 % of 5 078 shared74 %

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Sarah KNAFO ESNFrance79 % of 4 145 shared70 %
Guillaume PELTIER ECRFrance78 % of 4 626 shared68 %
Laurence TROCHU ECRFrance77 % of 5 169 shared68 %
Marion MARÉCHAL ECRFrance76 % of 4 605 shared68 %
Nicolas BAY ECRFrance76 % of 4 918 shared68 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania74 % of 4 457 shared51 %
Volker SCHNURRBUSCH changed group ESNGermany71 % of 4 135 shared68 %
Roberto VANNACCI changed group ESNItaly71 % of 1 896 shared69 %
René AUST ESNGermany71 % of 4 932 shared70 %
Galato ALEXANDRAKI ECRGreece71 % of 3 624 shared68 %

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Constitutional AffairsAFCO CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Montenegro Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeD-ME Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-MD DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, including the EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary Committee and the EU-Kosovo Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeDSEE DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Christians in the Middle EastIG10-07 Intergroup / working groupMember20 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on the PoliceIG10-18 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now
Committee on PetitionsPETI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 202419 May 2025

Show all 7 seats

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

30 contributions recorded; 7 on behalf of their group; 53 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Devastating heatwaves, wildfires and droughts in Europe: lessons from summer 2026 (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Mar 2026Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
9 Mar 2026Order of business Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Situation in Northeast Syria, the violence against civilians and the need to maintain a sustainable ceasefire (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
20 Jan 2026Brutal repression against protesters in Iran (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 Jan 2026Motion of censure on the Commission (debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
17 Dec 2025Implementation of the rule of law conditionality regime (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2025The situation of Christian communities and religious minorities in Nigeria and the Middle East, and Europe’s responsibility to protect them and guarantee freedom of conscience (topical debate) on behalf of PatriotsSpeech · 2 minRead
22 Oct 2025Allegations of espionage by the Hungarian government within the EU institutions (debate) Speech · 2 minRead

Show all 30 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 175

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
16 Sept 2026Massive data thefts: why is France still delaying transposing of the NIS2 Directive? E-10-2026-003691Written questionNot yet answered
16 Sept 2026Post-COVID recovery fund how much remains to be paid to France? E-10-2026-003692Written questionNot yet answered
21 Aug 2026Emergency powers: can the Commission bypass the European Parliament? E-10-2026-003303Written questionNot yet answered
21 Aug 2026Is the EU paving the way for widespread digital surveillance? E-10-2026-003304Written questionNot yet answered
21 Aug 2026European elections: does the EU want to impose the same rules on all Member States? E-10-2026-003302Written questionNot yet answered
23 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the spread of Sargassum and its impact on the outermost regions, notably Guadeloupe and Martinique B-10-2026-0372Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
23 Jul 2026Are the national parliaments still able to defend their countries’ competences? E-10-2026-003099Written question18 Sept 2026
20 Jul 2026Difficulties in interpreting Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 resulting from the concept of ‘week’ E-10-2026-003059Written questionwith 7 co-authors18 Sept 2026
17 Jul 2026Adapting EU energy performance policies in the light of extreme heat episodes O-10-2026-000032Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
16 Jul 2026Foreign influences in Brussels: who is paying to sway EU decisions? E-10-2026-003003Written question18 Sept 2026
16 Jul 2026EU agencies: who chooses their directors and according to what criteria? E-10-2026-003001Written question18 Sept 2026
16 Jul 2026Will Parliament really be able to scrutinise the Commission’s decisions? E-10-2026-003002Written question18 Sept 2026
8 Jul 2026EU enlargement: will the people get to have their say? E-10-2026-002816Written question28 Aug 2026
3 Jul 2026Montenegro’s accession: the EUR 3.2 billion cost to EU citizens E-10-2026-002773Written question24 Sept 2026
3 Jul 2026End of right to veto: will Member States be forced to comply? E-10-2026-002774Written question18 Sept 2026
2 Jul 2026Irregular immigration from countries not experiencing armed conflict P-10-2026-002752Priority written question27 Aug 2026
29 Jun 2026The Commission’s shortcomings in implementing the rescEU reserve E-10-2026-002677Written question21 Aug 2026
29 Jun 2026Meeting between the Commission and a Taliban delegation in Brussels E-10-2026-002676Written question10 Aug 2026
25 Jun 2026Development of EU standards for artificial intelligence E-10-2026-002639Written question1 Sept 2026
22 Jun 2026Range of electric cars: is the Commission endorsing information that is misleading consumers? E-10-2026-002568Written question25 Aug 2026
8 Jun 2026Sponsored media events and circumvention of European transparency rules E-10-2026-002338Written question4 Aug 2026
5 Jun 2026New surge in illegal immigration on the Libya-Crete-Gavdos route E-10-2026-002324Written questionwith 2 co-authors7 Aug 2026
4 Jun 2026Accumulation of free carbon allowances and risks of competition being distorted under the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism E-10-2026-002301Written questionwith 14 co-authors1 Sept 2026
2 Jun 2026Risks associated with tariff quota management system in EU-Mercosur agreement E-10-2026-002238Written questionwith 22 co-authors27 Jul 2026
21 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on safeguarding the judicial sovereignty of the Member States in the face of the expansionist aspirations of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office B-10-2026-0268Motion for a resolution—
12 May 2026EU-Mercosur agreement: what guarantees are in place to protect French and European farmers from unfair competition? E-10-2026-001975Written questionwith 1 co-author29 Jun 2026
11 May 2026Increase in irregular crossings in the Western Mediterranean: what measures will be taken against smugglers and migratory pressure? E-10-2026-001937Written questionwith 1 co-author8 Jul 2026
6 May 2026EU loan of EUR 90 billion to Ukraine: what guarantees are in place for EU taxpayers and industry? E-10-2026-001850Written question30 Jul 2026
28 Apr 2026War in the Strait of Hormuz: measures to shield European agriculture from rising fertiliser prices O-10-2026-000022Oral questionwith 36 co-authorsNot yet answered
22 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protecting places of worship in the EU from foreign political interference and state-linked influence operations B-10-2026-0187Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
16 Apr 2026Antifa=Terrorists: zero tolerance for political violence in Europe E-10-2026-001569Written questionwith 28 co-authors15 Jun 2026
15 Apr 2026Protecting our sovereignty and food security following the detection of cereulide in infant formula E-10-2026-001528Written questionwith 14 co-authors3 Jul 2026
14 Apr 2026Genetically modified organisms: prohibited from production, but authorised for import E-10-2026-001511Written questionwith 10 co-authors22 Jun 2026
14 Apr 2026Failings in EU governance on artificial intelligence and respect for national prerogatives E-10-2026-001514Written question15 Jun 2026
9 Apr 2026EU institutional reform: two-speed Europe, unanimity under threat, and the rise of hidden federalism E-10-2026-001466Written questionwith 13 co-authors23 Jul 2026
8 Apr 2026De facto mandatory nature of the codes of conduct on disinformation and hate speech E-10-2026-001432Written questionwith 23 co-authors15 Jun 2026
1 Apr 2026Transparency of origin of food products is a consumer right E-10-2026-001365Written questionwith 8 co-authors10 Jun 2026
25 Mar 2026Bringing balance to the infringement procedures launched by the Commission concerning decisions to take opposition media off the air E-10-2026-001250Written questionwith 3 co-authors1 Jun 2026
24 Mar 2026Will new revenue really be enough to repay Europe’s debt? E-10-2026-001221Written question28 Apr 2026
24 Mar 2026Consequences for France of new own resources proposed by the Commission for the 2028-2034 period E-10-2026-001219Written question4 May 2026
24 Mar 2026Will the new EU contribution by large companies harm the real economy? E-10-2026-001220Written question21 May 2026
23 Mar 2026ProtectEU: stronger security for Europeans or the policing of ideas and democratic dissent? E-10-2026-001208Written questionwith 11 co-authors19 May 2026
20 Mar 2026Age verification procedures: risks to privacy and data security E-10-2026-001173Written questionwith 5 co-authors19 May 2026
5 Mar 2026Anti-fascist movements and political violence – the real threat to democracy E-10-2026-000925Written questionwith 62 co-authors29 Apr 2026
3 Mar 2026Commission’s financing of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) under the Global Gateway Strategy E-10-2026-000863Written question13 May 2026
26 Feb 2026Inclusion of the Muslim Brotherhood on the EU list of terrorist organisations O-10-2026-000009Oral questionwith 36 co-authorsNot yet answered
25 Feb 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the establishment of a European blacklist of ultra-violent extremist organisations (UVEOs) B-10-2026-0151Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
23 Feb 2026EU overstepping its authority in the area of national forest management E-10-2026-000740Written question1 Apr 2026
23 Feb 2026Priority for nuclear power over the environmental and economic excesses of offshore wind P-10-2026-000741Priority written question4 Jun 2026
3 Feb 2026National Assembly / Muslim Brotherhood – inclusion on the EU list of terrorist organisations E-10-2026-000421Written questionwith 18 co-authors21 May 2026
28 Jan 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on respect for the Member States’ prerogatives in initiatives relating to defence and the institutional future of the Union B-10-2026-0098Motion for a resolution—
27 Jan 2026Extending anti-dumping duties to Chinese hybrid vehicles E-10-2026-000346Written questionwith 10 co-authors13 Apr 2026
26 Jan 2026Reporters Without Borders, a biased NGO heavily subsidised by Brussels O-10-2026-000003Oral questionwith 41 co-authorsNot yet answered
21 Jan 2026Is the Commission ready to hear how X proposes to comply with the Digital Services Act? E-10-2026-000243Written questionwith 4 co-authors17 Mar 2026
15 Jan 2026Preventing the online sale of child sexual abuse dolls E-10-2026-000165Written questionwith 10 co-authors9 Mar 2026
14 Jan 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION seeking an opinion from the Court of Justice on the compatibility with the Treaties of the proposed Partnership Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and the Common Market of the South, the Argentine Republic, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Paraguay and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, of the other part, and the proposed Interim Agreement on Trade between the European Union, of the one part, and the Common Market of the South, the Argentine Republic, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Paraguay and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, of the other part B-10-2026-0061Motion for a resolutionwith 101 co-authors—
14 Jan 2026MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION B-10-2026-0063Motion for a resolutionwith 109 co-authors—
5 Jan 2026Legal uncertainty imposed on national constitutional frameworks by a patchwork of European electoral rules E-10-2026-000014Written question12 Mar 2026
5 Jan 2026Artificial intelligence to counter false claims by minor asylum seekers E-10-2026-000012Written question18 Mar 2026
5 Jan 2026Increasing use of delegated acts and decline in parliamentary scrutiny E-10-2026-000011Written questionNot yet answered
5 Jan 2026The Commission’s persistent failure to monitor NGO funding and ideological risks E-10-2026-000013Written question27 Mar 2026
22 Dec 2025Offshore wind: its environmental impact and the EU’s continued support E-10-2025-005053Written questionwith 2 co-authors10 Mar 2026
22 Dec 2025Mass unemployment in the EU and the EU Talent Pool: is the Commission orchestrating wage competition against European citizens? E-10-2025-005050Written question12 Feb 2026
22 Dec 2025‘Legal pathways’: does the Commission intend to ‘legalise’ irregular migration instead of enforcing borders and returns? E-10-2025-005047Written question13 Mar 2026
18 Dec 2025Questionnaire about children’s genders and LGBTQI identity: is the Commission disregarding the European Child Guarantee for ‘woke’ purposes? E-10-2025-005004Written question18 Mar 2026
18 Dec 2025Increase of fuel prices in 2026: impact of EU legislation on households’ purchasing power E-10-2025-005007Written question7 Apr 2026
15 Dec 2025EUR 51 billion in European fraud and structural failure of the Brussels management model E-10-2025-004942Written question16 Feb 2026
9 Dec 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on respect for the European vocation of Erasmus+ B-10-2025-0561Motion for a resolutionwith 31 co-authors—
8 Dec 2025Ban on the sale of nitrous oxide to the general public O-10-2025-000046Oral questionwith 42 co-authorsNot yet answered
5 Dec 2025Pluralism made a mockery of, to the advantage of the left, as Radio France flouts EU requirements E-10-2025-004841Written questionwith 10 co-authors20 Feb 2026
3 Dec 2025Egg shortage in France: is the EU endangering our food autonomy? E-10-2025-004783Written questionwith 1 co-author2 Feb 2026
1 Dec 2025Fraudulent underage declarations: experiences in Greece point to a major Europe-wide problem E-10-2025-004744Written question6 Feb 2026
25 Nov 2025Plan to set up a European intelligence service under the authority of the President of the Commission E-10-2025-004681Written questionwith 49 co-authorsNot yet answered
20 Nov 2025Manipulation of the Erasmus+ programme as a new channel for immigration and exclusion of Hungarian universities from the programme O-10-2025-000043Oral questionwith 59 co-authorsNot yet answered
14 Nov 2025Providing financial and regulatory incentives for nuclear energy in the EU E-10-2025-004561Written questionwith 47 co-authors23 Mar 2026
11 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on European Union enlargement B-10-2025-0488Motion for a resolution—
10 Nov 2025Collective EU action against the spread of ‘flavescence dorée’ in grapes E-10-2025-004443Written questionwith 10 co-authors19 Dec 2025
31 Oct 2025Returns to Afghanistan: response to Member States’ call for an effective migration policy O-10-2025-000039Oral questionwith 44 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Oct 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission delegated regulation of 8 July 2025 supplementing Directive (EU) 2024/1788 of the European Parliament and of the Council by specifying a methodology for assessing greenhouse gas emissions savings from low-carbon fuels B-10-2025-0464Motion for a resolutionwith 48 co-authors—
15 Oct 2025New liaison office for the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights E-10-2025-004065Written questionwith 7 co-authors15 Dec 2025
14 Oct 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on declaring Antifa a terrorist organisation B-10-2025-0447Motion for a resolutionwith 79 co-authors—
8 Oct 2025Reducing illegitimate censorship on digital platforms E-10-2025-003962Written questionwith 8 co-authors28 Nov 2025
1 Oct 2025Conflicts of interest at the European Investment Bank E-10-2025-003836Written question28 Nov 2025
29 Sept 2025Does the Commission acknowledge that some of the gas purchased from Azerbaijan actually comes from Russia? E-10-2025-003783Written question6 Nov 2025
24 Sept 2025Failure of France’s regulatory authority for audiovisual and digital communication to fulfil its obligations in the Pormanove case E-10-2025-003702Written questionwith 5 co-authors10 Nov 2025
24 Sept 2025Compliance with the procedures laid down in Article 48 TEU and safeguarding national prerogatives E-10-2025-003720Written question13 Jan 2026
24 Sept 2025Huge waste of medicines and failure of the EU strategy to prevent shortages E-10-2025-003699Written questionwith 1 co-author11 Nov 2025
23 Sept 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the brutal murders of Ukrainian refugee Iryna Zarutska and US political activist Charlie Kirk, and the need to defend vulnerable individuals and uphold law and order B-10-2025-0405Motion for a resolutionwith 82 co-authors—
23 Sept 2025‘Chat control’ regulation – risk of blanket surveillance of private communications in the proposal for a Regulation to prevent and combat child sexual abuse E-10-2025-003690Written question6 Nov 2025
22 Sept 2025Risk of unfair competition due to method of calculating tyre emissions E-10-2025-003665Written questionwith 14 co-authors3 Dec 2025
22 Sept 2025Strategic support for Mistral AI, a key player in European technological sovereignty E-10-2025-003657Written question17 Nov 2025
19 Sept 2025EU sends millions in funding while Mozambique faces rising Islamic State attacks, more beheadings of Christians, and thousands displaced E-10-2025-003632Written questionwith 10 co-authors31 Oct 2025
18 Sept 2025Classification of political expressions and satire under the Digital Services Act E-10-2025-003616Written questionwith 39 co-authors18 Nov 2025
17 Sept 2025GPS interference on the flight of Commission President von der Leyen – media disinformation and distorted facts O-10-2025-000030Oral questionwith 36 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Sept 2025Protecting Christians in Europe and across the world P-10-2025-003602Priority written question22 Oct 2025
15 Sept 2025Commission funding left and far-left activist media outlets E-10-2025-003537Written questionwith 6 co-authors7 Nov 2025
12 Sept 2025MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION B-10-2025-0400Motion for a resolutionwith 84 co-authors—
10 Sept 2025Commission steamrolling ahead with Mercosur agreement O-10-2025-000027Oral questionwith 41 co-authorsNot yet answered
26 Aug 2025Enhancing the effectiveness and legitimacy of the European citizens’ initiative E-10-2025-003293Written question17 Nov 2025
26 Aug 2025Lack of transparency in interinstitutional negotiations conducted via trilogues E-10-2025-003292Written question2 Oct 2025
8 Aug 2025Compliance with the principle of the conferred competence and institutional drift E-10-2025-003219Written question6 Nov 2025
8 Aug 2025Growing marginalisation of national parliaments in the functioning of the European Union E-10-2025-003218Written question6 Oct 2025
7 Aug 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on defending freedom of expression in the face of abuses related to the application of the Digital Services Act B-10-2025-0351Motion for a resolution—
30 Jul 2025Revolving door cases of socialist elected representatives in NGOs E-10-2025-003141Written questionwith 6 co-authors4 Nov 2025
29 Jul 2025Including entities linked to the Muslim Brotherhood movement on the EU’s list of terrorist organisations E-10-2025-003131Written question18 Nov 2025
9 Jul 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION in favour of European digital independence from third countries B-10-2025-0348Motion for a resolutionwith 8 co-authors—
8 Jul 2025‘No kids’ ideology, European population decline and an increasing reliance on immigration: is this the civilisational strategy we have adopted? E-10-2025-002762Written questionwith 14 co-authors10 Sept 2025
4 Jul 2025Is the Commission going to stop subsidising Algeria? P-10-2025-002740Priority written question20 Aug 2025
24 Jun 2025Is the Commission funding the establishment of reception and support centres for unaccompanied foreign ‘minors’? E-10-2025-002539Written questionwith 5 co-authors15 Sept 2025
24 Jun 2025For digital independence from third countries E-10-2025-002537Written questionwith 7 co-authors7 Aug 2025
17 Jun 2025EU funding for ideologically oriented research projects E-10-2025-002432Written questionwith 6 co-authors13 Oct 2025
12 Jun 2025Financing of ‘The European Qur’an’ project E-10-2025-002376Written questionwith 12 co-authors20 Aug 2025
12 Jun 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on combating the establishment of transnational Islamist networks in Europe B-10-2025-0279Motion for a resolutionwith 60 co-authors—
12 Jun 2025Serious negligence in the protection of minors in France E-10-2025-002372Written questionwith 7 co-authors6 Aug 2025
12 Jun 2025Conservation of birdlife in the face of an offshore wind project E-10-2025-002373Written questionwith 11 co-authors30 Jul 2025
10 Jun 2025‘Choose Europe for Science’ plan and intrusion of wokism at universities O-10-2025-000021Oral questionwith 36 co-authorsNot yet answered
2 Jun 2025Institutional implications of the accession of Ukraine and Moldova to the European Union E-10-2025-002196Written question21 Aug 2025
2 Jun 2025Democratic criteria and respect for the rule of law in candidate countries E-10-2025-002200Written question4 Aug 2025
2 Jun 2025Abusive use of simplified treaty revision procedures without public consultation E-10-2025-002195Written question8 Aug 2025
2 Jun 2025Misuse of interinstitutional agreements to circumvent national parliaments E-10-2025-002198Written question4 Sept 2025
2 Jun 2025Increased standardisation at the cost of national diversity E-10-2025-002197Written question6 Aug 2025
28 May 2025Lifting of economic sanctions against Syria E-10-2025-002149Written question30 Jan 2026
23 May 2025Training given to the EU diplomatic service by the Muslim Brotherhood network E-10-2025-002090Written questionwith 17 co-authors17 Jul 2025
21 May 2025Request for clarification concerning France’s possible interference in the 2025 Romanian presidential election P-10-2025-002053Priority written question30 Jun 2025
5 May 2025Combating the misuse of national symbols on food packaging E-10-2025-001805Written questionwith 11 co-authors2 Jul 2025
23 Apr 2025Large-scale funding of NGOs without proper scrutiny or transparency E-10-2025-001634Written question27 Jun 2025
16 Apr 2025Use of European funds for the project ‘The European Qu’ran’ P-10-2025-001563Priority written question14 Aug 2025
1 Apr 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protecting the sovereignty of the Member States in democratic decision-making B-10-2025-0238Motion for a resolution—
27 Mar 2025EUR 2.5 billion in financial aid earmarked by the EU for Syria E-10-2025-001300Written questionwith 39 co-authors20 Jun 2025
12 Mar 2025Legal options for a Member State to withdraw from the European electricity market E-10-2025-001057Written question15 May 2025
17 Feb 2025The final destination of EU development funds E-10-2025-000704Written questionwith 14 co-authors18 Jun 2025
13 Feb 2025Priority for Europeans in access to housing in the light of rises in poor housing and homelessness P-10-2025-000688Priority written question13 Mar 2025
12 Feb 2025European standards undermining the competitiveness of the European automotive industry E-10-2025-000657Written questionwith 2 co-authors28 Apr 2025
12 Feb 2025Potential misuse of EU funds by pro-migrant association Equalis E-10-2025-000658Written question28 Mar 2025
8 Feb 2025Increase in criminal acts against Catholic churches E-10-2025-000584Written question8 May 2025
7 Feb 2025Cost of censorship on social media E-10-2025-000567Written questionwith 27 co-authors10 Apr 2025
7 Feb 2025Socio-economic consequences of the new ‘EU ETS 2’ emissions-trading system E-10-2025-000578Written questionwith 20 co-authors13 May 2025
4 Feb 2025Revision of the EU Treaties and inclusion of an opt-out clause on migration E-10-2025-000479Written question9 Apr 2025
30 Jan 2025Legitimacy of the European Democracy Shield E-10-2025-000447Written questionwith 36 co-authors31 Mar 2025
30 Jan 2025Statements by former Commissioner Thierry Breton on the upcoming parliamentary elections in Germany: a threat to democracy E-10-2025-000414Written questionwith 31 co-authors15 Apr 2025
27 Jan 2025Former Commissioner Thierry Breton’s new lobbying activities for Bank of America E-10-2025-000358Written questionwith 29 co-authors3 Apr 2025
24 Jan 2025Donald Tusk’s proposed Muslim ban E-10-2025-000313Written questionwith 1 co-author18 Mar 2025
24 Jan 2025Use of public funds for environmental lobbying P-10-2025-000317Priority written questionwith 18 co-authorsNot yet answered
24 Jan 2025European Union Agency for Asylum promotes Islamic veil E-10-2025-000314Written questionwith 1 co-author20 Mar 2025
23 Jan 2025Making financial aid conditional on Algeria’s cooperation on migration E-10-2025-000289Written question15 Apr 2025
23 Jan 2025Managing the influx of migration to the Canary Islands E-10-2025-000288Written questionwith 1 co-author24 Apr 2025
21 Jan 2025EU interference in Romanian political affairs E-10-2025-000256Written question24 Apr 2025
20 Dec 2024Worrying rise in terrorism threat level in Europe E-10-2024-003072Written question9 Apr 2025
20 Dec 2024Serious deficiencies in the management of EU agencies E-10-2024-003074Written question21 Feb 2025
10 Dec 2024Social media censorship in Germany: compatibility with EU principles of freedom of expression E-10-2024-002842Written questionwith 2 co-authors14 Feb 2025
25 Nov 2024MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on election of the Commission B-10-2024-0196Motion for a resolutionwith 10 co-authors—
11 Nov 2024MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protecting the sovereignty of the Member States in democratic decision-making B-10-2024-0168Motion for a resolution—
5 Nov 2024Rise in HIV diagnoses in the UK and link to mass immigration E-10-2024-002422Written questionwith 2 co-authors24 Jan 2025
22 Oct 2024MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on mass immigration undermining European women’s safety B-10-2024-0143Motion for a resolutionwith 3 co-authors—
21 Oct 2024Use of the word ‘steak’ for plant-based products E-10-2024-002191Written questionwith 5 co-authors17 Mar 2025
18 Oct 2024Financial support to Member States to protect themselves from uncontrolled immigration, Islamist terrorism and cross-border crime E-10-2024-002170Written questionwith 1 co-author6 Jan 2025
18 Oct 2024Spanish Government measures’ compatibility with press freedom defended by the EU E-10-2024-002172Written questionwith 20 co-authors30 Nov 2024
18 Oct 2024Review of EU electric-vehicle strategy and impact of decision to ban combustion-engine vehicles by 2035 E-10-2024-002171Written questionwith 2 co-authors31 Jan 2025
17 Oct 2024Repeated failure to integrate migrants into European societies E-10-2024-002132Written questionwith 13 co-authors16 Apr 2025
16 Oct 2024Recovery of funds granted to the association Yavuz Sultan Selim E-10-2024-002120Written question8 Jan 2025
16 Oct 2024Reintroduction of German border controls E-10-2024-002115Written question13 Jan 2025
16 Oct 2024Is the European Court of Human Rights being manipulated by deported criminals challenging national removal orders? E-10-2024-002121Written question10 Jan 2025
10 Oct 2024Outbreak of bluetongue virus in southern France E-10-2024-002019Written questionwith 7 co-authors27 Nov 2024
10 Oct 2024Sharp increase in illegal fishing in French Guiana E-10-2024-002012Written questionwith 8 co-authors20 Dec 2024
8 Oct 2024EU funds sent to Africa: billions of euros wasted in fight to curb immigration E-10-2024-001990Written question29 Nov 2024
8 Oct 2024Impact of the EU-Mercosur free trade agreement on the competitiveness of EU companies E-10-2024-001988Written questionwith 10 co-authors27 Nov 2024
3 Oct 2024Geo-blocking in French overseas territories E-10-2024-001936Written questionwith 14 co-authors27 Nov 2024
1 Oct 2024Allocation of fishing quotas in EU-Morocco agreement E-10-2024-001901Written questionwith 5 co-authors5 Feb 2025
26 Sept 2024Regularisation of illegal migrants in Spain and consequences for the EU E-10-2024-001829Written questionwith 14 co-authors6 Jan 2025
24 Sept 2024Implications of the abolition of sugar quotas E-10-2024-001797Written questionwith 16 co-authors5 Nov 2024
23 Sept 2024MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the surge in the number of sub-Saharan migrants B-10-2024-0065Motion for a resolutionwith 27 co-authors—
19 Sept 2024Follow-up to the Draghi report E-10-2024-001767Written questionwith 17 co-authors10 Jan 2025
13 Sept 2024Consequences of suspension clauses for the survival of Air Austral E-10-2024-001703Written questionwith 12 co-authors20 Nov 2024
9 Sept 2024Pro-Hamas NGO funded by the EU P-10-2024-001656Priority written questionwith 16 co-authors28 Oct 2024
29 Jul 2024Preliminary findings against X on breaching the Digital Services Act and a secret deal with other platforms E-10-2024-001450Written questionwith 12 co-authors9 Oct 2024

Amendments tabled in committee, 15

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
29 Apr 2026Institutional aspects of artificial intelligence in the context of European integration AFCO-AM-787899 AFCO12
27 Mar 2026European political parties and foundations – 2026 report on the application of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 2025/2445 and on the activities funded AFCO-AM-786733 AFCO3
9 Feb 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 AFCO-AM-784339 AFCO6
17 Oct 2025Amendment of the European Electoral act, allowing Members to vote in plenary by proxy voting during pregnancy and after giving birth AFCO-AM-778335 AFCO2
3 Oct 2025Activities of the European Ombudsman – annual report 2024 PETI-AM-778162 PETI47
18 Jul 2025Institutional consequences of the EU enlargement negotiations AFCO-AM-775662 AFCO16
14 Jul 2025Reform of the European Electoral Act – hurdles to ratification and implementation in the Member States AFCO-AM-775663 AFCO13
7 Jul 2025Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2024 PETI-AM-775512 PETI22
5 Jun 2025Application of the Treaty provisions related to the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality and the role of national parliaments in the EU legislative process AFCO-AM-774332 AFCO6
4 Jun 2025Establishing harmonised requirements in the internal market on transparency of interest representation carried out on behalf of third countries and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937 AFCO-AM-774387 AFCO17

Show all 15 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation France National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Jean-Paul GARRAUD”. Member record. memberId 197628. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197628?docs=all&nb=all&rows=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197628. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197628?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197628,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Jean-Paul GARRAUD}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197628?docs=all&nb=all&rows=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197628?docs=all&nb=all&rows=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197628. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197628. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}