Skip to content

Member

Bernd LANGE

S&D · Germany

Group
S&D
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
90.2 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
98.1 %ⓘ of 5 348 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 96.3 %
More facts (5)
National party
SPD Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
65 of 5 253 votesⓘ
Committees
INTA (chair)
Member id
1909
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

90.2 %

5 350 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

S&D median: 89.9 % (+0.4 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

98.1 %

5 246 of 5 348 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 96.3 % (+1.8 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.2 %

65 of 5 253 votes where their group had a clear line

49 opposite (for ↔ against), 10 abstained against the line, 6 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

1.6 %

87 of 5 350 votes cast

Participation 90.2 % — S&D median 89.9 %, 138 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 138 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Bernd LANGE90.2 %
S&D median89.9 %
Lowest in the group30.4 %
Highest in the group99.6 %
Members138
With majority line 98.1 % — S&D median 96.3 %, 138 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 138 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Bernd LANGE98.1 %
S&D median96.3 %
Lowest in the group81.9 %
Highest in the group99.4 %
Members138
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 404 for, 208 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 19 to recital B 176 for, 446 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 24 to paragraph 22 187 for, 430 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 19 192 for, 429 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 22 to paragraph 19 190 for, 438 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Paragraph 17 — part 3 282 for, 335 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Paragraph 17 — part 2 287 for, 278 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Paragraph 17 — part 1 434 for, 173 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 21 to paragraph 9 196 for, 410 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 8 267 for, 278 against, 88 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 6 299 for, 293 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 20 to paragraph 5 165 for, 461 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 3 313 for, 270 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 392 for, 219 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 4, adding text after recital 3 71 for, 476 against, 84 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Paragraph 32 — part 3 383 for, 220 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 30 70 for, 506 against, 56 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 28 183 for, 404 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Paragraph 28 — part 2 593 for, 23 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 16 to paragraph 28 189 for, 415 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 24 184 for, 441 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Paragraph 24 — part 2 444 for, 176 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 22 79 for, 519 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 22 97 for, 367 against, 161 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 16 71 for, 388 against, 171 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 15 62 for, 535 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 14 58 for, 544 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 14 67 for, 501 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 11 107 for, 458 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 458 for, 72 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Separate vote on paragraph 53 379 for, 180 against, 68 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Separate vote on paragraph 30 340 for, 155 against, 124 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Separate vote on paragraph 29 418 for, 140 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Paragraph 10 — part 2 377 for, 163 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Paragraph 10 — part 1 449 for, 139 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/004 BE/Tupperware – Belgium Final vote on the motion for a resolutionPassed 562 for, 53 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026EU-Ecuador Agreement: cooperation between Europol and the Ecuadorian authorities competent for combating serious crime and terrorism Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 586 for, 21 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 455 for, 101 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Final votePassed 458 for, 103 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 12, adding text after recital 5 201 for, 413 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 18, adding text after recital 4 270 for, 325 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 10, adding text after recital 3 195 for, 424 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 3 to Article 1 488 for, 92 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 2, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 — part 2 334 for, 251 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 2, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 — part 1 469 for, 77 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 5, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 235 for, 203 against, 174 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 1, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 540 for, 21 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Proposal to reject the text 172 for, 435 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 446 for, 100 against, 72 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
10 Mar 2026The upcoming European Research Area (ERA) Act Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 399 for, 78 against, 69 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 12 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242321
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202422
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249271
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129129
24 Oct 20241312
13 Nov 202420
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245749
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202521
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 2025300
10 Mar 202521
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228225
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202530
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251251
3 Apr 20256260
5 May 202550
6 May 20251010
7 May 20252200
8 May 202510391
21 May 202520
22 May 2025530
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258762
7 Jul 202511
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253433
11 Sept 20256968
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255554
9 Oct 20256562
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186186
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267266
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 202512598
15 Dec 202543
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266767
21 Jan 2026112111
22 Jan 20265858
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 2026141141
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197196
11 Mar 20266059
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202630
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202622
28 Apr 2026225222
29 Apr 2026296294
30 Apr 20266867
18 May 202640
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 20269896
15 Jun 202622
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127125
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202622
7 Jul 20267271
8 Jul 2026144144
9 Jul 20266766
14 Sept 202611
15 Sept 2026155155
16 Sept 20268079
17 Sept 20261240

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
René REPASI S&DGermany98 % of 5 096 shared93 %
Gabriele BISCHOFF S&DGermany98 % of 5 178 shared93 %
Katarina BARLEY S&DGermany98 % of 3 965 shared93 %
Tobias CREMER S&DGermany98 % of 4 893 shared93 %
Udo BULLMANN S&DGermany98 % of 4 539 shared93 %
Vivien COSTANZO S&DGermany98 % of 5 230 shared93 %
Jens GEIER S&DGermany98 % of 4 547 shared93 %
Matthias ECKE S&DGermany98 % of 4 848 shared93 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain98 % of 4 943 shared93 %
Birgit SIPPEL S&DGermany98 % of 4 252 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group RenewItaly91 % of 1 629 shared86 %
Ľudovít ÓDOR RenewSlovakia91 % of 4 994 shared86 %
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium90 % of 3 776 shared86 %
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands90 % of 5 280 shared86 %
Martin HOJSÍK RenewSlovakia90 % of 4 862 shared86 %
Brigitte VAN DEN BERG RenewNetherlands90 % of 4 554 shared86 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands90 % of 5 336 shared86 %
Lucia YAR RenewSlovakia90 % of 5 312 shared86 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia90 % of 4 549 shared86 %
Michal WIEZIK RenewSlovakia90 % of 4 906 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeChair23 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Southeast Asia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)DASE DelegationMember16 Jul 2024now
Intergroup on Trade UnionsIG10-24 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember19 Jul 202422 Jul 2024

Show all 4 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegation · 2 declarationsINTA14 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegation · 2 declarationsINTA17 Aug 2026
TLD in die USA 24. - 26.08.2026Official delegation17 Aug 2026
No dossier namedCommittee chairINTA28 Jul 2026
US delegation; add under parliamentary procedure or negotiations: 92nd EU-US inter-parliamentary meeting of the Transatlantic Legislators’ Dialogue, 25-26 August 2026, San Francisco, USA)\nOfficial delegation28 Jul 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA27 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA11 Mar 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegation · 5 declarationsINTA19 Jan 2026
Approval of amendments to the International Cocoa AgreementRapporteurINTA15 Dec 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegation · 2 declarationsINTA11 Dec 2025

Show all 30 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

29 contributions recorded; 2 on behalf of their group; 43 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
7 Jul 2026EU-Mexico (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Jun 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America - Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods Speech · 2 minRead
15 Jun 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America - Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods Speech · 4 minRead
28 Apr 2026Generalised scheme of tariff preferences (A9-0147/2022 - Bernd Lange) (vote) Speech · 2 minRead
26 Mar 2026Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods (A10-0070/2026 - Bernd Lange) (vote) SpeechRead
26 Mar 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America (A10-0069/2026 - Bernd Lange) (vote) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Mar 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America (A10-0069/2026 - Bernd Lange) (vote) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Mar 2026EU-US trade deal (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Mar 2026EU-US trade deal (joint debate) Speech · 5 minRead
11 Mar 2026Multilateral negotiations in view of the WTO’s 14th Ministerial Conference in Yaoundé, 26 to 29 March 2026 (debate) on behalf of S&DSpeech · 1 minRead

Show all 29 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 4

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Show all 4 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 5

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
29 Jan 2026Multilateral negotiations in view of the WTO’s 14th Ministerial Conference in Yaoundé, 26 to 29 March 2026 INTA-AM-784177 INTA9
5 Dec 2025Addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781298 INTA14
12 Sept 2025EU-US political relations INTA-AM-775733 INTA29
4 Jun 2025Amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements INTA-AM-774321 INTA48
3 Apr 2025Public procurement INTA-AM-772121 INTA22

Show all 5 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
30 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Bernd LANGE”. Member record. memberId 1909. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/1909?page=37&period=term&vscope=all (retrieved 30 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/1909. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/1909?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-1909,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Bernd LANGE}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/1909?page=37&period=term&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/1909?page=37&period=term&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-30},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 1909. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/1909. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}