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Member

Gheorghe CÂRCIU

S&D · Romania

Group
S&D
Country
Romania
Roll-call participation
59.8 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.0 %ⓘ of 371 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PSD Partidul Social Democrat
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
23 of 366 votesⓘ
Committees
AGRI, LIBE (substitute)
Member id
257100
More
Cite this page EP profile (opens the official site)
Link to this page

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term2024 (from July)20252026
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928

Roll-call participation ⓘ

59.8 %

371 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (−29.7 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.0 %

345 of 371 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (−4.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

6.3 %

23 of 366 votes where their group had a clear line

19 opposite (for ↔ against), 4 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.6 %

6 of 371 votes cast

Participation 59.8 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Gheorghe CÂRCIU59.8 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 93.0 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Gheorghe CÂRCIU93.0 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Show Final votesAll roll calls
Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 5 200 for, 296 against, 82 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 51, adding text after paragraph 4 200 for, 349 against, 45 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 50, adding text after paragraph 3 196 for, 358 against, 39 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 49, adding text after paragraph 1 177 for, 389 against, 21 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 1 212 for, 349 against, 31 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 1 226 for, 293 against, 66 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 46, adding text after paragraph 1 175 for, 387 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 1 184 for, 367 against, 41 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 44, adding text after paragraph 1 174 for, 355 against, 58 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 43, adding text after paragraph 1 169 for, 390 against, 31 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 1 199 for, 359 against, 32 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 41, adding text after paragraph 1 200 for, 335 against, 48 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 40, adding text after paragraph 1 210 for, 356 against, 22 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 1 207 for, 363 against, 21 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 1 118 for, 375 against, 89 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 1 207 for, 341 against, 46 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 1 184 for, 380 against, 25 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 1 90 for, 482 against, 18 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 1 172 for, 379 against, 35 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 1 118 for, 393 against, 73 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 1 100 for, 434 against, 49 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 1 113 for, 378 against, 96 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 1 179 for, 376 against, 36 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 1 101 for, 456 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 28, adding text after paragraph 1 120 for, 372 against, 96 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
11 Sept 2025Gaza at breaking point: EU action to combat famine and the urgent need to release hostages and move towards a two-state solution Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 1 171 for, 378 against, 34 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Stock-taking of the European elections 2024 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 388 for, 186 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Stock-taking of the European elections 2024 Amendment 1 153 for, 422 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Implementation and streamlining of EU internal market rules to strengthen the single market Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 459 for, 65 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Implementation and streamlining of EU internal market rules to strengthen the single market Amendment 7 to paragraph 36 201 for, 399 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Implementation and streamlining of EU internal market rules to strengthen the single market Amendment 6 to paragraph 27 197 for, 402 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Implementation and streamlining of EU internal market rules to strengthen the single market Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 13 208 for, 401 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Implementation and streamlining of EU internal market rules to strengthen the single market Amendment 4 to paragraph 5 155 for, 412 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025A new vision for the European Universities alliances Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 461 for, 100 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspects Final votePassed 535 for, 36 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspects Amendment 84 to Article 1, paragraph 1, point 10; Directive (UE) 2015/2302; Article 18, paragraph 2 195 for, 411 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Case of Victoire Ingabire in Rwanda Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 549 for, 2 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Case of Victoire Ingabire in Rwanda Amendment 2, adding text after recital D 166 for, 398 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Case of Victoire Ingabire in Rwanda Amendment 3 to paragraph 6 160 for, 407 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 597 for, 0 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 6 to recital F 182 for, 406 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Case of Victoire Ingabire in Rwanda Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 4 175 for, 393 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 5 to recital A 196 for, 338 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 1, adding text after citation 1 424 for, 158 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 9 to paragraph 7 189 for, 374 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 6 130 for, 448 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 4 to paragraph 4 148 for, 308 against, 130 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 3 to paragraph 2 140 for, 303 against, 132 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Sept 2025Detention of EU citizens in the occupied areas of Cyprus Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 1 190 for, 353 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Sept 2025Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian hybrid threats and malign interference Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 490 for, 65 against, 86 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 33 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 202411
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 202466
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 202420
10 Oct 202410
22 Oct 202450
23 Oct 202421
24 Oct 202420
14 Nov 202450
26 Nov 202480
27 Nov 202470
28 Nov 202460
17 Dec 202466
18 Dec 202477
19 Dec 202450
21 Jan 202510
22 Jan 202510
23 Jan 202540
11 Feb 202540
12 Feb 202544
13 Feb 202520
11 Mar 202544
12 Mar 202577
13 Mar 202533
1 Apr 202577
2 Apr 202599
3 Apr 202555
6 May 202544
7 May 20252019
8 May 20251212
22 May 202560
17 Jun 202588
18 Jun 202574
19 Jun 202566
8 Jul 202588
9 Jul 20251414
10 Jul 202570
9 Sept 202566
10 Sept 20251513
11 Sept 202587
7 Oct 202540
8 Oct 2025100
9 Oct 2025100
21 Oct 202588
22 Oct 202560
23 Oct 202550
13 Nov 20251615
25 Nov 2025130
26 Nov 20251010
27 Nov 20251111
16 Dec 2025110
17 Dec 20251111
18 Dec 202566
20 Jan 202666
21 Jan 202688
22 Jan 202687
10 Feb 202688
11 Feb 2026109
12 Feb 202680
24 Feb 202611
10 Mar 202698
11 Mar 20261212
12 Mar 202660
26 Mar 20261312
28 Apr 2026140
29 Apr 2026170
30 Apr 2026110
19 May 202630
20 May 2026129
21 May 2026100
16 Jun 20261010
17 Jun 2026168
18 Jun 202670
7 Jul 20261515
8 Jul 20261515
9 Jul 202640
15 Sept 2026120
16 Sept 20261615
17 Sept 2026103

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Dragoş BENEA S&DRomania99 % of 2 439 shared93 %
Claudiu MANDA S&DRomania99 % of 1 917 shared93 %
Mihai TUDOSE S&DRomania97 % of 2 279 shared93 %
Ştefan MUŞOIU S&DRomania97 % of 3 036 shared93 %
Gabriela FIREA S&DRomania97 % of 2 503 shared93 %
Victor NEGRESCU S&DRomania97 % of 3 127 shared93 %
Andi CRISTEA S&DRomania97 % of 3 133 shared93 %
Dan NICA S&DRomania95 % of 2 318 shared93 %
Vasile DÎNCU S&DRomania95 % of 3 196 shared93 %
Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ S&DLithuania94 % of 3 225 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group RenewItaly90 % of 801 shared86 %
Dainius ŽALIMAS RenewLithuania88 % of 3 206 shared86 %
Helmut BRANDSTÄTTER RenewAustria87 % of 2 771 shared86 %
Marjan ŠAREC RenewSlovenia87 % of 3 060 shared86 %
Sophie WILMÈS RenewBelgium87 % of 2 204 shared86 %
Charles GOERENS RenewLuxembourg87 % of 3 154 shared86 %
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium87 % of 2 524 shared86 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania87 % of 3 055 shared86 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania87 % of 2 841 shared86 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance86 % of 3 271 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentAGRI CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for Northern cooperation and for relations with Switzerland and Norway and to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA) Joint Parliamentary CommitteeDEEA DelegationVice-chair9 Jul 2025now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on DemographyIG10-09 Intergroup / working groupMember10 Mar 2026now
Intergroup on Sustainable LivestockIG10-15 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Wine, Quality Foodstuffs and SpiritsIG10-28 Intergroup / working groupMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for Northern cooperation and for relations with Switzerland and Norway and to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA) Joint Parliamentary CommitteeDEEA DelegationMember19 Sept 20248 Jul 2025

Show all 8 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAGRI8 Sept 2026
Amending Council Directive 98/58/EC and Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification and strengthening of food and feed safety requirements, and repealing Council Directives 82/711/EEC and 85/572/EECShadow rapporteurAGRI17 Apr 2026
Amending Regulations (EC) No 999/2001, (EC) No 1829/2003, (EC) No 1831/2003, (EC) No 852/2004, (EC) No 853/2004, (EC) No 396/2005, (EC) No 1099/2009, (EC) No 1107/2009, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2017/625 as regards the simplification and strengthening of food and feed safety requirementsShadow rapporteurAGRI17 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAGRI17 Jul 2025
I would be shadow rapporteur for AGRI decision ”Granting equivalence with EU requirements to Moldova and Ukraine as regards field inspections and production of seed” and I will negotiate on behalf of S &D and Romania's priorities with other political groups.Shadow rapporteurAGRI14 Nov 2024
No dossier namedDelegation vice-chairDEEA26 Sept 2024

Show all 6 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

No speech or statement in plenary recorded this term.

Questions and motions, 5

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
11 Mar 2026Financing EU priorities in a sustainable, predictable and resilient way through a new EU own resource from the online gambling and betting services sector O-10-2026-000014Oral questionwith 42 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Oct 2025Clarifications necessary as regards protection of the best interests of the child and respect for parental rights E-10-2025-004108Written questionwith 5 co-authors6 Jan 2026
2 Jul 2025Situation of children on summer camp programmes for children from the Romanian diaspora, stranded at the border with Ukraine P-10-2025-002714Priority written question29 Jul 2025
4 Oct 2024MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration B-10-2024-0085Motion for a resolutionwith 13 co-authors—

Show all 5 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 2

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
22 Jun 2026on general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2027 – all sections AGRI-AM-790051 AGRI14
26 Sept 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 - all sections BUDG-AM-778084 BUDG1

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Romania National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257100?page=74&scope=final&vscope=all
Official source
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
2 October 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Gheorghe CÂRCIU”. Member record. memberId 257100. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257100?page=74&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 2 October 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257100. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257100?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-member-257100,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Gheorghe CÂRCIU}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257100?page=74&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257100?page=74&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-10-02},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257100. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257100. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}