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Member

Mirosława NYKIEL

EPP · Poland

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
92.7 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
92.0 %ⓘ of 575 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
KO Koalicja Obywatelska
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
17 of 534 votesⓘ
Committees
FEMM, ITRE
Member id
257049
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.7 %

575 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (+2.2 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

92.0 %

529 of 575 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (−3.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

3.2 %

17 of 534 votes where their group had a clear line

10 opposite (for ↔ against), 7 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.4 %

8 of 575 votes cast

Participation 92.7 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Mirosława NYKIEL92.7 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 92.0 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Mirosława NYKIEL92.0 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 9 — part 1 425 for, 199 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 6 155 for, 435 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 57, adding text after paragraph 5 568 for, 38 against, 64 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 60, adding text after paragraph 4 122 for, 465 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 58, adding text after paragraph 4 93 for, 458 against, 103 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 3 197 for, 465 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 88, adding text after paragraph 2 169 for, 471 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 2 192 for, 465 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 28, adding text after paragraph 1 198 for, 467 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 210 for, 439 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 27 to paragraph 1 135 for, 480 against, 56 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Final vote — text as a wholePassed 440 for, 127 against, 104 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 3 to recital D 205 for, 456 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 10 201 for, 453 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 10 209 for, 444 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Separate vote on paragraph 10 369 for, 278 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 7 196 for, 463 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Separate vote on paragraph 4 598 for, 56 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 1 to paragraph 4 237 for, 361 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 3 203 for, 445 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 2 191 for, 458 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Separate vote on paragraph 2 588 for, 58 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 1 194 for, 467 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Temporary trade-liberalisation measures applicable to Armenian products Final votePassed 583 for, 49 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM): fishing in the GFCM Agreement area Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 580 for, 51 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation into Union law of measures adopted by regional fisheries management organisations Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 559 for, 48 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the buildings, road transport and additional sectors Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 467 for, 158 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Final votePassed 367 for, 240 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Amendment 6, adding text after Article 1; Decision (EU) 2015/1814 271 for, 376 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Amendment 5 367 for, 291 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Amendment 4 391 for, 275 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Final votePassed 433 for, 97 against, 146 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 88, adding text after Recital 3 165 for, 465 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 83 to recital 1 195 for, 465 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 87 to Article 7, paragraph 3 190 for, 459 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 96 to Article 7, after paragraph 1 194 for, 467 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 86 to Article 7 193 for, 472 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 94 to Article 6, paragraph 3 194 for, 466 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 93 to Article 4, after paragraph 2 193 for, 455 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 35 to Article 3, paragraph 4 415 for, 247 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Amendment 39 — part 2 439 for, 207 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Final votePassed 464 for, 50 against, 159 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 102, adding text after paragraph 53 178 for, 463 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 119, adding text after paragraph 50 198 for, 463 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 116, adding text after recital 36 185 for, 480 against, 1 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 115, adding text after recital 14 189 for, 478 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 99, adding text after recital 4 219 for, 439 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 98 to recital 3 204 for, 451 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 127 to Article 1 187 for, 461 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Amendment 128 to Article 1 174 for, 471 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 3 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Ewa KOPACZ EPPPoland98 % of 5 236 shared89 %
Andrzej HALICKI EPPPoland97 % of 4 782 shared89 %
Krzysztof BREJZA EPPPoland97 % of 4 877 shared89 %
Jagna MARCZUŁAJTIS-WALCZAK EPPPoland97 % of 4 934 shared89 %
Andrzej BUŁA EPPPoland97 % of 4 821 shared89 %
Łukasz KOHUT EPPPoland97 % of 5 135 shared89 %
Michał WAWRYKIEWICZ EPPPoland97 % of 4 773 shared89 %
Magdalena ADAMOWICZ EPPPoland97 % of 4 928 shared89 %
Dariusz JOŃSKI EPPPoland97 % of 5 188 shared89 %
Kamila GASIUK-PIHOWICZ EPPPoland96 % of 5 167 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia84 % of 4 711 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania84 % of 4 610 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium83 % of 5 113 shared82 %
Sophie WILMÈS RenewBelgium83 % of 3 491 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania83 % of 4 051 shared82 %
Dan NICA S&DRomania83 % of 3 083 shared75 %
Ivars IJABS RenewLatvia83 % of 4 516 shared82 %
Jérémy DECERLE RenewFrance83 % of 2 396 shared82 %
Nathalie LOISEAU RenewFrance83 % of 4 113 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland83 % of 4 374 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender EqualityFEMM CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-CL Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Mexico Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-MX Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-UA DelegationSubstitute24 Oct 2024now
Intergroup on Anti-CorruptionIG10-01 Intergroup / working groupMember16 Jan 2025now

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationITRE13 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationFEMM26 Jan 2026
Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectorsRapporteurFEMM16 Jul 2025

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

39 contributions recorded, 5 written statements; 2 on behalf of their group; 55 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026Urgent need for EU support to Ukraine against Russia’s escalation of its war of aggression (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Sept 2026State of the Union (debate) StatementRead
8 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan on behalf of EPPSpeech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026Electrification Action Plan (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Achieving digital sovereignty and resilience for Europe, in light of recent developments affecting access to advanced AI technologies (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Advancing towards a care society: addressing the gender care gap (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead
19 May 2026EU governance under pressure – institutional responses to global challenges (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
9 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
9 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors (debate) Speech · 4 minRead

Show all 39 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 68

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya B-10-2026-0418Motion for a resolutionwith 25 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0394Motion for a resolutionwith 27 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION The deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0405Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
10 Sept 2026Sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism: closing the gaps beyond the EU’s borders E-10-2026-003633Written questionwith 11 co-authorsNot yet answered
22 Jul 2026Anti-dumping investigation AD746 concerning imports of silico-manganese steel wire E-10-2026-003089Written question1 Sept 2026
15 Jul 2026Reduction in the benchmark for coke production P-10-2026-002976Priority written question27 Aug 2026
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan B-10-2026-0350Motion for a resolutionwith 27 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan B-10-2026-0362Motion for a resolutionwith 25 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre B-10-2026-0355Motion for a resolutionwith 27 co-authors—
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0328Motion for a resolutionwith 28 co-authors—

Show all 68 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 67

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
5 Jun 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788898 ITRE15
27 May 2026Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund ITRE-AM-787999 ITRE4
27 May 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards the extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures ITRE-AM-788838 ITRE6
27 May 2026Amending Directives (EU) 2018/2001, (EU) 2019/944, (EU) 2024/1788 as regards acceleration of permit-granting procedures ITRE-AM-788845 ITRE2
19 May 2026Guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EU) 2019/942, (EU) 2019/943 and (EU) 2024/1789 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2022/869 ITRE-AM-788939 ITRE19
19 May 2026Guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EU) 2019/942, (EU) 2019/943 and (EU) 2024/1789 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2022/869 ITRE-AM-788922 ITRE23
19 May 2026Guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EU) 2019/942, (EU) 2019/943 and (EU) 2024/1789 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2022/869 ITRE-AM-788940 ITRE21
19 May 2026Guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EU) 2019/942, (EU) 2019/943 and (EU) 2024/1789 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2022/869 ITRE-AM-788924 ITRE26
19 May 2026Guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EU) 2019/942, (EU) 2019/943 and (EU) 2024/1789 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2022/869 ITRE-AM-785339 ITRE13
19 May 2026Guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EU) 2019/942, (EU) 2019/943 and (EU) 2024/1789 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2022/869 ITRE-AM-788941 ITRE9

Show all 67 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Mirosława NYKIEL”. Member record. memberId 257049. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257049?page=7&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257049. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257049?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257049,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Mirosława NYKIEL}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257049?page=7&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257049?page=7&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257049. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257049. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}