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Member

Michał KOBOSKO

Renew · Poland

Group
Renew
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
92.4 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.5 %ⓘ of 569 votes where the group had a line · Renew median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
Unia Centrum
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
10 of 524 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), ITRE, PETI
Member id
257037
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.4 %

573 of 620 final votes while in office

Renew median: 91.5 % (+0.9 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.5 %

532 of 569 votes where their group had a line

Renew median: 93.6 % (−0.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.9 %

10 of 524 votes where their group had a clear line

5 opposite (for ↔ against), 4 abstained against the line, 1 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

3.7 %

21 of 573 votes cast

Participation 92.4 % — Renew median 91.5 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Michał KOBOSKO92.4 %
Renew median91.5 %
Lowest in the group64.4 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members76
With majority line 93.5 % — Renew median 93.6 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Michał KOBOSKO93.5 %
Renew median93.6 %
Lowest in the group79.8 %
Highest in the group97.6 %
Members76
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Renew; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 14 204 for, 432 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Paragraph 11 — part 1 474 for, 73 against, 91 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Separate vote on paragraph 6 418 for, 210 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Amendment 3 to paragraph 4 189 for, 440 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Separate vote on paragraph 2 435 for, 190 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 1 193 for, 431 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 192 for, 451 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU trade Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 527 for, 62 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 369 for, 160 against, 112 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 41, adding text after recital P 225 for, 396 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 3 to recital M 114 for, 494 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Recital G — part 2 470 for, 112 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 29, adding text after recital F 291 for, 303 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 9 to recital C 143 for, 452 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Citation 5 — part 2 467 for, 151 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point aq — part 2 455 for, 152 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 65 to paragraph 1, point ap 327 for, 264 against, 55 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 28 to paragraph 1, point ap 320 for, 293 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point al — part 5 465 for, 139 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point al — part 3 474 for, 136 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point al — part 2 515 for, 112 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 63 to paragraph 1, after point aj 201 for, 411 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendments 27 + 39 (voted as one) to paragraph 1, after point ag 338 for, 285 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 26 to paragraph 1, point ag 199 for, 404 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendments 25 + 38 (voted as one) to paragraph 1, after point af 342 for, 279 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point af — part 2 482 for, 132 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point af — part 1 622 for, 5 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 24 to paragraph 1, point af 185 for, 441 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 35 to paragraph 1, point ae 415 for, 206 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendments 23 + 37 (voted as one) to paragraph 1, after point ad 235 for, 398 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 34 to paragraph 1, point ad 308 for, 313 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendments 22 + 36 (voted as one) to paragraph 1, point ad 210 for, 417 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 33 to paragraph 1, point ac 461 for, 94 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 59 to paragraph 1, after point ab 156 for, 474 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 57 to paragraph 1, after point ab 200 for, 388 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 56 to paragraph 1, after point ab 148 for, 466 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 55 to paragraph 1, after point ab 206 for, 391 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 54 to paragraph 1, point ab 199 for, 399 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 53 to paragraph 1, after point aa 379 for, 181 against, 78 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 32 to paragraph 1, after point aa 347 for, 205 against, 86 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 52 to paragraph 1, point aa 138 for, 391 against, 107 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 31 to paragraph 1, point aa 284 for, 288 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point v — part 2 417 for, 177 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 2 to paragraph 1, point v 189 for, 444 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 7 to paragraph 1, after point r 184 for, 448 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 17 to paragraph 1, after point o 205 for, 437 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Separate vote on paragraph 1, point o 409 for, 227 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 16 to paragraph 1, point o 148 for, 475 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Amendment 1 to paragraph 1, point o 202 for, 432 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
20 May 2026Recommendation on the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly Paragraph 1, point n — part 4 432 for, 178 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 5 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Renew

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Dainius ŽALIMAS RenewLithuania97 % of 5 038 shared92 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania96 % of 4 738 shared92 %
Petras AUŠTREVIČIUS RenewLithuania96 % of 5 393 shared92 %
Stine BOSSE RenewDenmark96 % of 5 300 shared92 %
Marjan ŠAREC RenewSlovenia96 % of 4 791 shared92 %
Ilhan KYUCHYUK RenewBulgaria96 % of 5 009 shared92 %
Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON RenewFinland96 % of 4 838 shared92 %
Taner KABILOV changed group ECRBulgaria96 % of 480 shared92 %
Charles GOERENS RenewLuxembourg95 % of 5 083 shared92 %
Valérie HAYER RenewFrance95 % of 5 164 shared92 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Dan NICA S&DRomania89 % of 3 360 shared86 %
Sven MIKSER S&DEstonia88 % of 5 328 shared86 %
Isabel WISELER-LIMA EPPLuxembourg88 % of 5 195 shared82 %
Isilda GOMES S&DPortugal88 % of 4 836 shared86 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain88 % of 5 039 shared86 %
Marina KALJURAND S&DEstonia88 % of 4 991 shared86 %
Carla TAVARES S&DPortugal88 % of 4 984 shared86 %
Francisco ASSIS S&DPortugal88 % of 4 387 shared86 %
Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ S&DLithuania88 % of 5 150 shared86 %
Sérgio GONÇALVES S&DPortugal88 % of 5 267 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on PetitionsPETI CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with BelarusD-BY DelegationVice-chair3 Oct 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Attracting Investment to Ensure a Competitive and Sustainable European UnionIG10-03 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Sky and SpaceIG10-21 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Feb 2025now
Delegation for relations with BelarusD-BY DelegationMember19 Sept 20242 Oct 2024

Show all 8 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency bandShadow rapporteurITRE17 Sept 2026
Monitoring the application of European Union law in 2026Shadow rapporteur for an opinionPETI15 Sept 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the Union, of the Agreement in respect of Gibraltar between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community, of the one part, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, of the other partShadow rapporteurAFET16 Jul 2026
Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on the foreign policy response to external interference in the EU's neighbourhoodShadow rapporteurAFET15 Jun 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurPETI22 May 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurPETI19 May 2026
Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act)RapporteurITRE26 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET14 Jul 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurPETI5 Jun 2025
Preserving the memory of the victims of the post war communist period in SloveniaShadow rapporteurPETI5 Jun 2025

Show all 14 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

51 contributions recorded; 10 on behalf of their group; 67 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026Urgent need for EU support to Ukraine against Russia’s escalation of its war of aggression (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Sept 2026Stop gold-plating, relieve SMEs: Member States must implement EU legislation without adding extra bureaucracy (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026Protecting EU citizens’ data from hybrid threats: the Lithuanian case (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Achieving digital sovereignty and resilience for Europe, in light of recent developments affecting access to advanced AI technologies (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Achieving digital sovereignty and resilience for Europe, in light of recent developments affecting access to advanced AI technologies (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Europe's response to reduced US military deployments in Europe, particularly at its Eastern flank in the light of the latest US decisions (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
18 May 2026Order of business SpeechRead
18 May 2026Order of business on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 34

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
27 Jul 2026Providing assistance following the outbreak of war on 24 February 2024 and the implications for businesses E-10-2026-003135Written question23 Sept 2026
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0326Motion for a resolutionwith 18 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland B-10-2026-0311Motion for a resolutionwith 13 co-authors—
11 Jun 2026Small modular reactors E-10-2026-002408Written questionwith 25 co-authors20 Aug 2026
26 May 2026Application of the Habitats and Birds directives in the Polish building planning and permission system – Bysina local development plan, Myślenice P-10-2026-002134Priority written question8 Jul 2026
27 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine B-10-2026-0211Motion for a resolutionwith 14 co-authors—
27 Apr 2026Ukrainian children forcibly transferred and deported by Russia E-10-2026-001705Written questionwith 49 co-authors14 Jul 2026
8 Apr 2026Acquisition of Smartwings by Pegasus: concerns over regulatory gaps, market competition distortion and the impact of foreign subsidies P-10-2026-001420Priority written question22 May 2026
26 Mar 2026Urgent disbursement of EU financial support related to Ukraine E-10-2026-001268Written questionwith 3 co-authors29 Jul 2026
9 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular Africans, for Russia's war of aggression in Ukraine B-10-2026-0170Motion for a resolutionwith 21 co-authors—

Show all 34 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 61

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792193 ITRE23
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792052 ITRE32
14 Jul 2026Deliberations of the Committee on Petitions in 2025 PETI-AM-790995 PETI24
10 Jul 2026Towards an EU strategy to protect and strengthen the international justice system and its institutions, mechanisms and partners AFET-AM-790940 AFET4
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790061 CJ651
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790062 CJ6511
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790057 CJ651
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790058 CJ654
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790059 CJ653
5 Jun 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788898 ITRE5

Show all 61 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

  • Group Renew Europe Renew · Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
28 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Michał KOBOSKO”. Member record. memberId 257037. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257037?page=21&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 28 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257037. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257037?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257037,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Michał KOBOSKO}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257037?page=21&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257037?page=21&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-28},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257037. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257037. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}