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Member

Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA

EPP · Spain

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Spain
Roll-call participation
79.8 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
96.0 %ⓘ of 495 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
PP Partido Popular
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
11 of 457 votesⓘ
Committees
AGRI (substitute), ENVI (vice-chair), REGI (substitute), TRAN (substitute)
Member id
22418
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

79.8 %

495 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (−10.7 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

96.0 %

475 of 495 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (+0.4 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.4 %

11 of 457 votes where their group had a clear line

9 opposite (for ↔ against), 2 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.0 %

5 of 495 votes cast

Participation 79.8 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA79.8 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 96.0 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA96.0 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 353 to Article 2 186 for, 459 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Proposal to reject the text 105 for, 529 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Referral back to committee 409 for, 221 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction Final votePassed 454 for, 172 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Final votePassed 379 for, 248 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 48 to recital 9 222 for, 418 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 11, adding text after recital 8 — part 2 376 for, 248 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 11, adding text after recital 8 — part 1 494 for, 128 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 60 to recital 6 220 for, 413 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 55, adding text after recital 3 165 for, 398 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 57 to recital 3 231 for, 398 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 38 to Article 1 — part 2 375 for, 242 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 38 to Article 1 — part 1 551 for, 65 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 56 to Article 1 211 for, 412 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 53 to Article 1 161 for, 405 against, 78 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 68 to Article 1 211 for, 411 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 45 to Article 1 52 for, 564 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 44 to Article 1 69 for, 529 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 67 to Article 1 241 for, 385 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 66 to Article 1 239 for, 388 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Separate vote on Article 1 406 for, 222 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 43 to Article 1 44 for, 584 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 42 to Article 1 74 for, 557 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 65 to Article 1 216 for, 400 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 14 to Article 1 — part 2 384 for, 242 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 14 to Article 1 — part 1 506 for, 123 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Separate vote on Article 1 378 for, 244 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 41 to Article 1 45 for, 581 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 51 to Article 1 217 for, 416 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 64 to Article 1 221 for, 413 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 58 to Article 1 278 for, 348 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 63 to Article 1 226 for, 395 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 62 to Article 1 223 for, 399 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 50 to Article 1 220 for, 415 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Separate vote on Article 1 406 for, 221 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendments 49 + 61 (voted as one) to Article 1 221 for, 407 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 39 512 for, 118 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 36 512 for, 122 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 31 517 for, 102 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 26 540 for, 82 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendment 17 547 for, 88 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Amendments by the committee responsible — put to the vote collectively — Ams 1-10, 13, 18-25, 27-30, 32-35, 37, 40 396 for, 229 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Framework for achieving climate neutrality Proposal to reject the text 234 for, 399 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Addressing transnational repression of human rights defenders Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 512 for, 76 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Proxy voting in plenary for Members during pregnancy and after giving birth Final vote — text as a whole 605 for, 30 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Addressing transnational repression of human rights defenders Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 4 315 for, 202 against, 119 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan Paragraph 71 — part 2 374 for, 149 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan Paragraph 71 — part 1 439 for, 100 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan Paragraph 67 — part 2 363 for, 173 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
23 Oct 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan Paragraph 67 — part 1 473 for, 51 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 14 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Carmen CRESPO DÍAZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 064 shared89 %
Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER EPPSpain98 % of 4 224 shared89 %
Rosa ESTARÀS FERRAGUT EPPSpain98 % of 3 610 shared89 %
Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE EPPSpain98 % of 3 857 shared89 %
Borja GIMÉNEZ LARRAZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 356 shared89 %
Susana SOLÍS PÉREZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 218 shared89 %
Alma EZCURRA ALMANSA EPPSpain98 % of 1 806 shared89 %
Dolors MONTSERRAT EPPSpain98 % of 4 039 shared89 %
Esteban GONZÁLEZ PONS EPPSpain98 % of 3 979 shared89 %
Fernando NAVARRETE ROJAS EPPSpain98 % of 4 207 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia86 % of 3 915 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania85 % of 3 765 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany85 % of 3 115 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium85 % of 4 213 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland84 % of 3 652 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands84 % of 3 707 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany84 % of 4 225 shared82 %
Olivier CHASTEL RenewBelgium84 % of 4 099 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania84 % of 3 335 shared82 %
Anouk VAN BRUG RenewNetherlands84 % of 3 268 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentAGRI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeVice-chair20 Jan 2025now
Committee on Regional DevelopmentREGI CommitteeSubstitute6 Mar 2026now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeSubstitute6 Mar 2026now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Central America, including the EU-Central America Association Parliamentary CommitteeDCAM DelegationSubstitute23 Oct 2024now
Delegation for relations with MercosurDMER DelegationMember8 Sept 2025now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblySubstitute23 Oct 2024now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Cohesion Policy and Outermost RegionsIG10-08 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Mar 2025now
Intergroup on European Cultural Heritage, Ways of Saint James and other European Cultural RoutesIG10-11 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now

Show all 18 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Mision a Ciudad de Mexico de la Delegacion D-MexOfficial delegationDLAT10 Sept 2026
Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034Shadow rapporteur for an opinionTRAN4 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationENVI7 Apr 2026
Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034Shadow rapporteur for an opinionENVI26 Mar 2026
Establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034RapporteurAGRI18 Mar 2026
DCAM Mission to GuatemalaOfficial delegationDCAM10 Feb 2026
Misión a Uruguay y Paraguay de la Delegación para las Relaciones con Mercosur.Official delegationDMER16 Oct 2025
No dossier namedVice-President8 Sept 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAGRI8 Sept 2025
Amending Regulations (EU) No 1308/2013, (EU) 2021/2115 and (EU) No 251/2014 as regards certain market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine productsRapporteurAGRI21 May 2025

Show all 13 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

16 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 26 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
25 Mar 2026Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Feb 2026Amending Regulations on agricultural products as regards market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine products (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Feb 2026Amending Regulations on agricultural products as regards market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine products (debate) Speech · 4 minRead
17 Dec 2025Preventing sexual harassment in public institutions: latest revelations and resignations in Spain and institutional responses (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
16 Dec 2025Presentation of the EU Cardiovascular Health Plan (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2025Deforestation Regulation: certain obligations of operators and traders (vote) SpeechRead
22 Oct 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead
7 May 2025Democratic legitimacy and the Commission’s continued authorisation of genetically modified organisms despite Parliament’s objections (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 2 minRead

Show all 16 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 29

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Jul 2026Procedure for banning monacolin K E-10-2026-002725Written questionwith 3 co-authorsNot yet answered
5 May 2026Protection of downstream steel and aluminium-processing industries against combined effects of CBAM, global overcapacity and non-EU country subsidies E-10-2026-001826Written questionwith 1 co-author14 Jul 2026
16 Mar 2026Low emission zones P-10-2026-001069Priority written questionwith 3 co-authors13 May 2026
13 Mar 2026Simplifying cross-border sales in the internal market E-10-2026-001058Written questionwith 21 co-authors26 May 2026
2 Feb 2026ERDF funding and the Spanish railway network E-10-2026-000407Written questionwith 2 co-authors16 Apr 2026
29 Jan 2026Extraordinary regularisation of immigrants in Spain E-10-2026-000366Written questionwith 21 co-authors8 Apr 2026
19 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protection of EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materials B-10-2025-0500Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—
12 Nov 2025Action protocols for new outbreaks of lumpy skin disease P-10-2025-004478Priority written question10 Dec 2025
10 Nov 2025Collective EU action against the spread of ‘flavescence dorée’ in grapes E-10-2025-004443Written questionwith 10 co-authors19 Dec 2025
28 Oct 2025Impact assessment on animal welfare during transport E-10-2025-004230Written question9 Mar 2026

Show all 29 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 90

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792057 REGI15
7 Sept 2026Establishing the European Fund for Regional Development including for European Territorial Cooperation (Interreg) and the Cohesion Fund as part of the Fund set out in Regulation (EU) […] [NRP] and establishing conditions for the implementation of the Union support to regional development from 2028 to 2034 REGI-AM-792058 REGI18
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790899 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790918 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790916 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790919 AGRI1
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790105 CJ712
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790159 CJ714
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790155 CJ7111
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790098 CJ713

Show all 90 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Spain National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
2 October 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA”. Member record. memberId 22418. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/22418?page=65&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 2 October 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/22418. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/22418?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-22418,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Esther HERRANZ GARCÍA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/22418?page=65&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/22418?page=65&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-10-02},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 22418. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/22418. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}