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Member

Rihards KOLS

ECR · Latvia

Group
ECR
Country
Latvia
Roll-call participation
92.7 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
88.4 %ⓘ of 5 481 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 91.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
TB/LNNK Nacionālā apvienība "Visu Latvijai!" - "Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK"
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
411 of 4 770 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, INTA, ITRE (substitute)
Member id
220871
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.7 %

5 498 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

ECR median: 91.6 % (+1.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

88.4 %

4 846 of 5 481 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 91.1 % (−2.7 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

8.6 %

411 of 4 770 votes where their group had a clear line

204 opposite (for ↔ against), 175 abstained against the line, 32 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

10.1 %

555 of 5 498 votes cast

Participation 92.7 % — ECR median 91.6 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Rihards KOLS92.7 %
ECR median91.6 %
Lowest in the group47.1 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members79
With majority line 88.4 % — ECR median 91.1 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Rihards KOLS88.4 %
ECR median91.1 %
Lowest in the group66.8 %
Highest in the group93.7 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 87705 Objection passed 466 for, 175 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize DP202216 x NK603 x DAS-40278-9 and its sub-combinations DP 202216 x NK603, DP202216 x DAS-40278-9 Objection passed 417 for, 167 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Adopted 388 for, 161 against, 120 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine Adopted 460 for, 136 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Moldova Adopted 505 for, 115 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Serbia Adopted 468 for, 116 against, 79 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Adopted 575 for, 33 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from certain provisions of the ePrivacy Directive to combat online child sexual abuse Urgent procedure agreed 331 for, 304 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Coordination of social security systems Passed 511 for, 87 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Air passenger rights Passed 646 for, 12 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Temporary support and payment of advances regarding the increased fertiliser prices due to the Middle East crisis Passed 576 for, 62 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026International passenger transport services by coach and bus in the border regions: cabotage operations between Austria and Switzerland Passed 654 for, 4 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Draft amending budget No 1/2026: entering the surplus of the financial year 2025 Passed 492 for, 101 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: Application EGF/2026/000 TA 2026 - Technical assistance at the initiative of the Commission Passed 532 for, 64 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Romania, Cyprus and Spain with regard to natural disasters in 2025 Passed 642 for, 13 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2025 Adopted 316 for, 281 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Recommendation on the changing geopolitical situation in East Asia and the need for closer cooperation with like-minded partners in the region Adopted 542 for, 37 against, 79 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Adopted 501 for, 61 against, 95 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A coherent tax framework for the EU’s financial sector Adopted 418 for, 152 against, 85 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Adopted 447 for, 128 against, 78 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
7 Jul 2026Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2026 High-Level Political Forum Adopted 374 for, 185 against, 74 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Digital assets – challenges for the competitiveness and integrity of the European Union’s financial system Adopted 390 for, 86 against, 134 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Shipments of waste: export of mixed municipal waste for recovery to Switzerland Passed 559 for, 7 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehicles Passed 437 for, 112 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Adopted 504 for, 4 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Adopted 476 for, 11 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines Adopted 294 for, 245 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba Adopted 283 for, 199 against, 85 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland Adopted 412 for, 63 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Passed 418 for, 218 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Failed 181 for, 439 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026General arrangements for excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products Passed 325 for, 304 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO) and European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF): access to VAT information at Union level Passed 549 for, 33 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Hague Convention (1980) on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction: accession of Cabo Verde Passed 659 for, 1 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU-Pakistan Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV Consent given 276 for, 13 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination Consent given 608 for, 38 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination (Resolution) Adopted 542 for, 52 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Adopted 381 for, 107 against, 171 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Adopted 486 for, 101 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Adopted 483 for, 103 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Adopted 411 for, 120 against, 120 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Bosnia and Herzegovina Adopted 478 for, 116 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Kosovo Adopted 412 for, 174 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Adopted 431 for, 111 against, 103 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Georgia Adopted 436 for, 145 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America Passed 440 for, 151 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods Passed 444 for, 152 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Simplification of the implementation of harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Digital Omnibus on AI) Passed 423 for, 57 against, 174 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Jun 2026Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chain Passed 560 for, 75 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Measures necessary for the implementation of the Protocol, annexed to the TEU and to the TFEU, on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty and on the Research Fund for Coal and Steel Consent given 563 for, 44 against, 56 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 27 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242323
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202422
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129128
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202420
14 Nov 2024360
25 Nov 202420
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245757
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202520
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254545
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 20253030
10 Mar 202520
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228227
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202530
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251249
3 Apr 20256262
5 May 202550
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220220
8 May 2025103103
21 May 202520
22 May 20255353
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254140
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258778
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253635
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 2025101100
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256969
6 Oct 202520
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202530
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186186
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267264
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125118
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266765
21 Jan 2026112112
22 Jan 20265857
9 Feb 202620
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 2026141141
24 Feb 2026430
9 Mar 202610
10 Mar 2026197195
11 Mar 20266060
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202630
26 Mar 2026690
27 Apr 202620
28 Apr 2026225223
29 Apr 2026296292
30 Apr 2026680
18 May 202640
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 20269898
15 Jun 202620
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127127
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267272
8 Jul 2026144141
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 2026155155
16 Sept 20268080
17 Sept 20261240

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Reinis POZŅAKS ECRLatvia97 % of 5 279 shared81 %
Roberts ZĪLE ECRLatvia96 % of 4 041 shared81 %
Ivaylo VALCHEV ECRBulgaria89 % of 5 381 shared81 %
Aurelijus VERYGA ECRLithuania86 % of 4 994 shared81 %
Nora JUNCO GARCÍA changed group ECRSpain86 % of 4 742 shared81 %
Diego SOLIER changed group ECRSpain86 % of 4 946 shared81 %
Mario MANTOVANI ECRItaly85 % of 3 851 shared81 %
Stephen Nikola BARTULICA ECRCroatia85 % of 4 685 shared81 %
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly85 % of 4 705 shared81 %
Marco SQUARTA ECRItaly85 % of 4 276 shared81 %

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Jaroslav KNOT PatriotsCzechia71 % of 2 832 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia71 % of 4 580 shared63 %
Klara DOSTALOVA PatriotsCzechia70 % of 4 447 shared68 %
Ondřej KNOTEK PatriotsCzechia69 % of 5 112 shared68 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal69 % of 5 242 shared68 %
Branko GRIMS changed group No groupSlovenia69 % of 5 016 shared50 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania69 % of 4 641 shared48 %
Tomáš KUBÍN PatriotsCzechia69 % of 5 116 shared68 %
Antonín STANĚK PatriotsCzechia68 % of 3 142 shared68 %
Jaroslava POKORNÁ JERMANOVÁ PatriotsCzechia68 % of 4 757 shared68 %

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-CL Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Mexico Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-MX Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)IG10-22 Intergroup / working groupVice-chair12 Mar 2025now

Show all 8 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Agreement on Electronic CommerceShadow rapporteurINTA23 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET23 Sept 2026
Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on EU-Norway political relationsShadow rapporteurAFET8 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA8 Sept 2026
92nd EU US TLD meeting in San Francisco, California scheduled between 24 – 27 August 2026 Official delegationD-US15 Jul 2026
Situation of international law and the risks to multilateralism, democracy and the European UnionShadow rapporteurAFET11 May 2026
Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU tradeShadow rapporteurINTA14 Apr 2026
Establishment of European Business WalletsShadow rapporteurITRE30 Mar 2026
Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards the extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measuresShadow rapporteur for an opinionINTA4 Mar 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET24 Feb 2026

Show all 28 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

70 contributions recorded, 14 written statements; 10 on behalf of their group; 73 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Hybrid attacks against the EU Member States (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026The role of the EU in efforts for peace and stability throughout the Middle East after the announced deal between the US and Iran (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland (debate) StatementRead
19 May 2026Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU trade (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
19 May 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) StatementRead
28 Apr 2026Ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine Speech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Multilateral negotiations in view of the WTO’s 14th Ministerial Conference in Yaoundé, 26 to 29 March 2026 (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 79

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026Circular Economy Act: regulatory barriers to secondary raw materials E-10-2026-003654Written questionwith 29 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
22 Jun 2026VP/HR remarks on Israel P-10-2026-002573Priority written questionwith 2 co-authors5 Aug 2026
18 Jun 2026Human trafficking and human rights violations through recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine E-10-2026-002532Written questionwith 27 co-authors6 Aug 2026
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0327Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland B-10-2026-0308Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
12 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba B-10-2026-0291Motion for a resolutionwith 12 co-authors—
2 Jun 2026Reports of the Palestinian Authority’s continuing ‘pay-for-slay’ scheme E-10-2026-002235Written questionwith 8 co-authors3 Sept 2026
13 May 2026Detailed criteria, data sources and methodology for Member State classification under the Migration Pact solidarity mechanism (2) E-10-2026-001990Written question31 Jul 2026

Show all 79 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 58

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 58 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Latvia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Rihards KOLS”. Member record. memberId 220871. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220871?nb=all&page=2&scope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220871. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/220871?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-220871,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Rihards KOLS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220871?nb=all&page=2&scope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220871?nb=all&page=2&scope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 220871. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220871. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}