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Member

Emmanouil FRAGKOS

ECR · Greece

Group
ECR
Country
Greece
Roll-call participation
97.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
46.1 %ⓘ of 603 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
EL Elliniki Lusi-Greek Solution
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
257 of 501 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), AGRI (substitute), ENVI, INTA (substitute), SANT (vice-chair)
Member id
198490
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

97.9 %

607 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (+6.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

46.1 %

278 of 603 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (−41.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

51.3 %

257 of 501 votes where their group had a clear line

92 opposite (for ↔ against), 135 abstained against the line, 30 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

29.7 %

180 of 607 votes cast

Participation 97.9 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Emmanouil FRAGKOS97.9 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 46.1 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Emmanouil FRAGKOS46.1 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Final votePassed 377 for, 279 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Amendment 24 to recital 23 208 for, 465 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Amendment 29, adding text after recital 4 184 for, 479 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Amendment 28, adding text after recital 2 125 for, 536 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Amendment 27 to Article 6, paragraph 1, after point e 205 for, 463 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Amendment 26 to Article 3, paragraph 2, subparagraph 2 205 for, 460 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Strengthening the security of identity cards of Union citizens and of residence documents issued to Union citizens and their family members exercising their right of free movement Amendment 8 432 for, 202 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) (Resolution) Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 605 for, 68 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Agreement: cooperation between Eurojust and the authorities of Bosnia and Herzegovina competent for judicial cooperation in criminal matters Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 619 for, 9 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) (Resolution) Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 10 192 for, 446 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Protocol on the Implementation of the Fisheries Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (2024-2029) Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 518 for, 104 against, 61 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Agreements on Financial Mechanisms for the period May 2021 - April 2028 (EEA: EU-Iceland-Liechtenstein-Norway; Norwegian: EU-Norway); Additional Protocols to EEC-Norway Agreement and to EEC-Iceland Agreement Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 528 for, 121 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 441 for, 173 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 76, adding text after paragraph 42 181 for, 477 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 75, adding text after paragraph 41 216 for, 453 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 28 to paragraph 39 198 for, 434 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 74, adding text after paragraph 36 115 for, 485 against, 85 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 73, adding text after paragraph 34 187 for, 469 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 33 149 for, 486 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 46, adding text after paragraph 32 179 for, 490 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 31 90 for, 579 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Paragraph 31 — part 3 497 for, 135 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 72, adding text after paragraph 28 130 for, 505 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 71, adding text after paragraph 28 132 for, 474 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 44 to paragraph 28 97 for, 525 against, 57 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 43 to paragraph 27 96 for, 484 against, 105 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 70, adding text after paragraph 26 195 for, 468 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 69, adding text after paragraph 26 193 for, 472 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 68, adding text after paragraph 26 186 for, 484 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 67, adding text after paragraph 26 191 for, 472 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 92, adding text after paragraph 25 118 for, 522 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 91, adding text after paragraph 25 137 for, 478 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 90, adding text after paragraph 25 143 for, 478 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 22, adding text after paragraph 25 309 for, 304 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 66, adding text after paragraph 24 182 for, 466 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 24 184 for, 412 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 86, adding text after paragraph 22 118 for, 549 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 83, adding text after paragraph 22 125 for, 524 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 82, adding text after paragraph 22 145 for, 529 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 65, adding text after paragraph 22 326 for, 315 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 64 to paragraph 22 337 for, 311 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 80, adding text after paragraph 21 252 for, 381 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 63, adding text after paragraph 21 127 for, 497 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 21 160 for, 481 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 21 75 for, 519 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 20 106 for, 523 against, 53 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 62, adding text after paragraph 19 191 for, 463 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 19 372 for, 279 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 41, adding text after paragraph 18 189 for, 471 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Guidelines for the 2026 budget – Section III Amendment 79 to paragraph 18 308 for, 309 against, 55 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 2 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Galato ALEXANDRAKI ECRGreece100 % of 3 977 shared81 %
Guillaume PELTIER ECRFrance72 % of 4 981 shared81 %
Laurence TROCHU ECRFrance71 % of 5 497 shared81 %
Stephen Nikola BARTULICA ECRCroatia70 % of 4 876 shared81 %
Marion MARÉCHAL ECRFrance70 % of 4 898 shared81 %
Waldemar TOMASZEWSKI ECRLithuania70 % of 4 153 shared81 %
Nicolas BAY ECRFrance69 % of 5 158 shared81 %
Tobiasz BOCHEŃSKI ECRPoland69 % of 4 956 shared81 %
Geadis GEADI ECRCyprus69 % of 5 307 shared81 %
Beata SZYDŁO ECRPoland68 % of 5 347 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marc JONGEN ESNGermany73 % of 5 197 shared64 %
Anja ARNDT ESNGermany72 % of 4 945 shared64 %
Volker SCHNURRBUSCH changed group ESNGermany72 % of 4 525 shared63 %
Roberto VANNACCI changed group ESNItaly72 % of 5 665 shared66 %
Irmhild BOSSDORF ESNGermany72 % of 5 479 shared64 %
Siegbert Frank DROESE ESNGermany72 % of 5 225 shared64 %
René AUST ESNGermany72 % of 5 301 shared64 %
Petr BYSTRON ESNGermany72 % of 4 930 shared64 %
Arno BAUSEMER ESNGermany72 % of 4 927 shared64 %
Christine ANDERSON ESNGermany72 % of 5 352 shared64 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentAGRI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeMember20 Jan 2025now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Public HealthSANT CommitteeVice-chair29 Jan 2025now
Subcommittee on Human RightsDROI SubcommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the Cariforum-EU Parliamentary CommitteeDCAR Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with IranD-IR DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now

Show all 16 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur · 2 declarationsINTA26 May 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur · 2 declarationsAFET26 May 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurINTA10 Apr 2026
EU rare disease action planShadow rapporteurSANT10 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSANT3 Sept 2025
Modification of customs duties applicable to imports of certain goods originating in or exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation and the Republic of BelarusShadow rapporteurINTA7 Apr 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurINTA7 Apr 2025
Restructuring the Union framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity (recast)Opinion rapporteurAGRI7 Apr 2025
No dossier namedCommittee vice-chairSANT28 Jan 2025
No dossier namedRapporteurAFET17 Dec 2024

Show all 12 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

31 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 40 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Jul 2026Defending European democracy and the integrity of the European Parliament in light of revelations that an MEP was subject to surveillance by illegal spyware (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
6 Jul 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Jun 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Commemoration of the genocide of Armenians and Greeks in Pontos and Asia Minor (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
18 May 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
12 Mar 2026Rail transport safety in the EU – lessons learnt from the Adamuz accident and three years after the Tempi tragedy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Situation of the rule of law in Greece, following the Court decision on Predator spyware (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
11 Feb 2026Urgent actions to revive EU competitiveness, deepen the EU Single Market and reduce the cost of living - from the Draghi report to reality (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 31 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 200

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
11 Sept 2026European funds with no growth performance: the cost of national micro-political planning E-10-2026-003640Written questionNot yet answered
29 Aug 2026Concrete measures to reduce the EU’s trade dependence on Türkiye E-10-2026-003370Written questionNot yet answered
28 Aug 2026Increase in bank debts of Nea Dimokratia and PASOK and the need to keep political influence in check E-10-2026-003362Written questionNot yet answered
12 Aug 2026Addressing the degradation of Tenagi of Philippi and sustainable water management P-10-2026-003272Priority written question15 Sept 2026
12 Aug 2026Protection of the Geraneia Mountains and compliance with the EU’s environmental obligations E-10-2026-003271Written questionNot yet answered
12 Aug 2026Reducing the energy costs of producers in the Philippi marshes E-10-2026-003273Written questionNot yet answered
12 Aug 2026Restrictions on the establishment of private roadworthiness inspection centres in Greece and their compatibility with EU law E-10-2026-003270Written questionNot yet answered
6 Aug 2026Protection of the Holy Monastery of St. Catherine on Mount Sinai and respect for the rule of law in EU-Egypt relations E-10-2026-003224Written questionNot yet answered
6 Aug 2026Ensuring the continued operation of the MERE chain in Greece and protecting employees, suppliers and consumers E-10-2026-003221Written questionNot yet answered
6 Aug 2026Protection of the PGI ‘Kato Nevrokopi Potato’ from misleading practices in the market and strengthening traceability E-10-2026-003222Written questionNot yet answered

Show all 200 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 153

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
11 Sept 2026Modernised rules for patients’ rights in cross-border healthcare SANT-AM-792014 SANT17
4 Sept 2026Shaping the EU's external action to address the human rights challenges posed by artificial intelligence AFET-AM-792029 AFET1
4 Sept 2026Shaping the EU's external action to address the human rights challenges posed by artificial intelligence AFET-AM-792048 AFET9
2 Sept 2026Guidelines for the employment policies of the Member States EMPL-AM-792013 EMPL3
15 Jul 2026General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2027 - all sections SANT-AM-789117 SANT9
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790915 AGRI4
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790916 AGRI1
10 Jul 2026Towards an EU strategy to protect and strengthen the international justice system and its institutions, mechanisms and partners AFET-AM-790940 AFET7
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790105 CJ711
23 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the European Fund for economic, social and territorial cohesion, agriculture and rural, fisheries and maritime, prosperity and security for the period 2028-2034 and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 and Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 CJ71-AM-790099 CJ716

Show all 153 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Greece National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
30 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Emmanouil FRAGKOS”. Member record. memberId 198490. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/198490?page=99&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 30 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/198490. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/198490?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-198490,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Emmanouil FRAGKOS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/198490?page=99&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/198490?page=99&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-30},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 198490. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/198490. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}