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Member

Jaak MADISON

ECR · Estonia

Group
ECR
Country
Estonia
Roll-call participation
82.7 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
89.0 %ⓘ of 4 884 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 91.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
KE Eesti Keskerakond
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
316 of 4 255 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, INTA
Member id
197493
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

82.7 %

4 900 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

ECR median: 91.6 % (−9.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

89.0 %

4 349 of 4 884 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 91.1 % (−2.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

7.4 %

316 of 4 255 votes where their group had a clear line

139 opposite (for ↔ against), 89 abstained against the line, 88 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

5.9 %

291 of 4 900 votes cast

Participation 82.7 % — ECR median 91.6 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Jaak MADISON82.7 %
ECR median91.6 %
Lowest in the group47.1 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members79
With majority line 89.0 % — ECR median 91.1 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Jaak MADISON89.0 %
ECR median91.1 %
Lowest in the group66.8 %
Highest in the group93.7 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 87705 Objection passed 466 for, 175 against, 16 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize DP202216 x NK603 x DAS-40278-9 and its sub-combinations DP 202216 x NK603, DP202216 x DAS-40278-9 Objection passed 417 for, 167 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement (Interim report) Adopted 388 for, 161 against, 120 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine Adopted 460 for, 136 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Moldova Adopted 505 for, 115 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Serbia Adopted 468 for, 116 against, 79 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026The impact of the 1974 Turkish invasion on Cypriot women and girls, and the crimes committed by Turkish forces and consequences on gender equality Adopted 575 for, 33 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Temporary derogation from certain provisions of the ePrivacy Directive to combat online child sexual abuse Urgent procedure agreed 331 for, 304 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Coordination of social security systems Passed 511 for, 87 against, 61 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Air passenger rights Passed 646 for, 12 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Temporary support and payment of advances regarding the increased fertiliser prices due to the Middle East crisis Passed 576 for, 62 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026International passenger transport services by coach and bus in the border regions: cabotage operations between Austria and Switzerland Passed 654 for, 4 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Draft amending budget No 1/2026: entering the surplus of the financial year 2025 Passed 492 for, 101 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
7 Jul 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund: Application EGF/2026/000 TA 2026 - Technical assistance at the initiative of the Commission Passed 532 for, 64 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Romania, Cyprus and Spain with regard to natural disasters in 2025 Passed 642 for, 13 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Financial activities of the European Investment Bank Group – annual report 2025 Adopted 316 for, 281 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Recommendation on the changing geopolitical situation in East Asia and the need for closer cooperation with like-minded partners in the region Adopted 542 for, 37 against, 79 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026Competition policy – annual report 2025 Adopted 501 for, 61 against, 95 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
7 Jul 2026A coherent tax framework for the EU’s financial sector Adopted 418 for, 152 against, 85 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026A new strategy for media literacy and digital learning Adopted 447 for, 128 against, 78 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
7 Jul 2026Implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals in view of the 2026 High-Level Political Forum Adopted 374 for, 185 against, 74 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Jul 2026Digital assets – challenges for the competitiveness and integrity of the European Union’s financial system Adopted 390 for, 86 against, 134 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Shipments of waste: export of mixed municipal waste for recovery to Switzerland Passed 559 for, 7 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehicles Passed 437 for, 112 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Adopted 504 for, 4 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Adopted 476 for, 11 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines Adopted 294 for, 245 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
18 Jun 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba Adopted 283 for, 199 against, 85 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland Adopted 412 for, 63 against, 53 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Passed 418 for, 218 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Failed 181 for, 439 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026General arrangements for excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products Passed 325 for, 304 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO) and European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF): access to VAT information at Union level Passed 549 for, 33 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Hague Convention (1980) on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction: accession of Cabo Verde Passed 659 for, 1 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU-Pakistan Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV Consent given 276 for, 13 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination Consent given 608 for, 38 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination (Resolution) Adopted 542 for, 52 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Adopted 381 for, 107 against, 171 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Montenegro Adopted 486 for, 101 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Albania Adopted 483 for, 103 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Adopted 411 for, 120 against, 120 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Bosnia and Herzegovina Adopted 478 for, 116 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Kosovo Adopted 412 for, 174 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Adopted 431 for, 111 against, 103 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Georgia Adopted 436 for, 145 against, 47 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Adjustment of customs duties and opening of tariff quotas for the import of certain goods originating in the United States of America Passed 440 for, 151 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Non-application of customs duties on imports of certain goods Passed 444 for, 152 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Simplification of the implementation of harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Digital Omnibus on AI) Passed 423 for, 57 against, 174 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
16 Jun 2026Strengthening of the position of farmers in the food supply chain Passed 560 for, 75 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Jun 2026Measures necessary for the implementation of the Protocol, annexed to the TEU and to the TFEU, on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty and on the Research Fund for Coal and Steel Consent given 563 for, 44 against, 56 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 34 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242320
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202420
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202420
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202420
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129129
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202420
14 Nov 2024360
25 Nov 202420
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245757
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243332
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202520
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 2025300
10 Mar 202520
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228223
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202530
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251251
3 Apr 2025620
5 May 202550
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220163
8 May 20251030
21 May 202520
22 May 2025530
16 Jun 202520
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258783
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 2025101100
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256966
6 Oct 202520
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202530
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186183
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267215
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 202510062
27 Nov 2025125114
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254238
20 Jan 20266765
21 Jan 2026112111
22 Jan 20265856
9 Feb 202620
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261311
12 Feb 2026141140
24 Feb 2026430
9 Mar 202610
10 Mar 20261970
11 Mar 20266057
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266968
27 Apr 202620
28 Apr 2026225216
29 Apr 2026296294
30 Apr 20266861
18 May 202640
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 20269895
15 Jun 202620
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127123
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267272
8 Jul 2026144140
9 Jul 2026670
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 20261550
16 Sept 20268078
17 Sept 2026124123

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Stephen Nikola BARTULICA ECRCroatia87 % of 4 300 shared81 %
Michał DWORCZYK ECRPoland86 % of 3 574 shared81 %
Diego SOLIER changed group ECRSpain86 % of 4 433 shared81 %
Mariusz KAMIŃSKI ECRPoland86 % of 4 844 shared81 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland86 % of 4 424 shared81 %
Daniel OBAJTEK ECRPoland85 % of 4 179 shared81 %
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland85 % of 4 851 shared81 %
Patryk JAKI ECRPoland85 % of 4 567 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland85 % of 4 849 shared81 %
Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA ECRPoland85 % of 4 734 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain77 % of 4 340 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain76 % of 3 699 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 534 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 775 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 856 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain76 % of 3 868 shared68 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal76 % of 4 686 shared68 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland73 % of 4 417 shared67 %
Vilis KRIŠTOPANS PatriotsLatvia73 % of 4 475 shared68 %
Mieke ANDRIESE PatriotsNetherlands72 % of 2 319 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on DemographyIG10-09 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on DisabilityIG10-10 Intergroup / working groupMember11 Mar 2025now

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
I will participate at the mission to Dominican Republic as a INTA standing rapporteur for Central America and with the delegation for relations with Central America and Cuba. Official delegation16 Sept 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the Union, of the Agreement on Digital Trade between the European Union and the Republic of KoreaShadow rapporteurINTA16 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA16 Sept 2026
Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on EU engagement in the Horn of Africa – challenges and strategic prioritiesShadow rapporteurAFET8 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOpinion rapporteurINTA8 Sept 2026
Agreement in the form of an exchange of letters between the Union and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan relating to the modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European UnionShadow rapporteurINTA15 Apr 2026
Role of trade in strengthening the EU's economic securityShadow rapporteurINTA15 Apr 2026
No dossier namedRapporteurINTA4 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA25 Jun 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA29 Apr 2025

Show all 11 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

32 contributions recorded; 41 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026State of the Union (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026High time to deliver on the Single Market, providing certainty and predictability for EU businesses and quality jobs (continuation of debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026European Council meeting (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026European Council meeting (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 Jan 2026Territorial integrity and sovereignty of Greenland and the Kingdom of Denmark: the need for a united EU response to US blackmail attempts (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2025Preparation of the European Council meeting of 18-19 December 2025, in particular the need to support Ukraine, transatlantic relations and the EU’s strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 32 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 35

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
27 Aug 2026The EU’s deadly anti-racism ideology: the death of Henry Nowak E-10-2026-003350Written questionwith 22 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland B-10-2026-0308Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
18 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Repression and execution of protesters, dissidents, political prisoners and religious minorities in Iran B-10-2026-0266Motion for a resolutionwith 17 co-authors—
22 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protecting places of worship in the EU from foreign political interference and state-linked influence operations B-10-2026-0187Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
8 Apr 2026Union Resettlement and Humanitarian Admission Framework Regulation E-10-2026-001410Written questionwith 25 co-authors18 Jun 2026
9 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine B-10-2026-0175Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
3 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on halting the expansion of mosques and Islamic centres in the EU B-10-2026-0154Motion for a resolutionwith 37 co-authors—
3 Mar 2026Visa requirement imposed by Nicaragua on certain EU citizens and application of the reciprocity mechanism P-10-2026-000868Priority written questionwith 9 co-authors31 Mar 2026
19 Jan 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the brutal repression against protestors in Iran B-10-2026-0083Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—

Show all 35 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 3

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
10 Dec 2025Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781316 INTA8
5 Dec 2025Addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781298 INTA9
3 Apr 2025Public procurement INTA-AM-772121 INTA1

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Estonia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Jaak MADISON”. Member record. memberId 197493. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=2&period=term (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197493. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197493?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197493,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Jaak MADISON}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=2&period=term}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=2&period=term},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197493. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197493. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}