Skip to content

Member

Jens GIESEKE

EPP · Germany

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
96.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
97.3 %ⓘ of 601 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
CDU Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
12 of 558 votesⓘ
Committees
ENVI (substitute), ITRE (substitute), TRAN
Member id
124807
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

96.9 %

601 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (+6.4 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

97.3 %

585 of 601 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (+1.8 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.2 %

12 of 558 votes where their group had a clear line

7 opposite (for ↔ against), 5 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

0.8 %

5 of 601 votes cast

Participation 96.9 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Jens GIESEKE96.9 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 97.3 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Jens GIESEKE97.3 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 28 503 for, 56 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 27 139 for, 491 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 4 to paragraph 27 59 for, 561 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 25 626 for, 18 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 41 to paragraph 23 438 for, 158 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 40, adding text after paragraph 22 420 for, 158 against, 64 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 20 211 for, 434 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 18 88 for, 508 against, 53 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 12 499 for, 96 against, 56 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 30 to paragraph 12 98 for, 538 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 10 96 for, 498 against, 58 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 10 617 for, 15 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 9 127 for, 473 against, 53 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 9 328 for, 281 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 28 to paragraph 9 106 for, 524 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 8 116 for, 501 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 6 96 for, 510 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 6 125 for, 510 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 6 482 for, 70 against, 103 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 22 to paragraph 6 113 for, 524 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 5 621 for, 20 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 Amendment 19 to paragraph 2 107 for, 510 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026Framework for achieving climate neutrality Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 413 for, 226 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026European Union designs (codification) Final votePassed 613 for, 5 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Framework for achieving climate neutrality Proposal to reject the text 224 for, 396 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural products Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 483 for, 102 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and the EU-Mercosur Interim Trade Agreement for agricultural products Proposal to vote on amendments 206 for, 430 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026Amending the Measuring Instruments Directive Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 594 for, 25 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Amending regulations on agricultural products as regards market rules and sectoral support measures in the wine sector and for aromatised wine products Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 625 for, 15 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Application of the ‘safe third country’ concept Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 396 for, 226 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Feb 2026Application of the ‘safe third country’ concept Proposal to reject the text 220 for, 396 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Feb 2026Establishment of a list of safe countries of origin at Union level Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 408 for, 184 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Feb 2026Wednesday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group – Israel Wednesday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group — Israel 171 for, 217 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Feb 2026Tuesday’s agenda – Request by the Renew Group – Ukraine Tuesday’s agenda — Request by the Renew Group — Ukraine 278 for, 121 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 385 for, 165 against, 35 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Separate vote on recital T 429 for, 153 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital Q — part 2 405 for, 155 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital Q — part 1 421 for, 150 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital P — part 2 426 for, 141 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital P — part 1 419 for, 158 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital O — part 2 398 for, 164 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital O — part 1 426 for, 151 against, 31 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital L — part 2 328 for, 237 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital L — part 1 425 for, 147 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Separate vote on recital K 406 for, 149 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital J — part 2 327 for, 235 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Recital J — part 1 422 for, 107 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Paragraph 11 — part 2 412 for, 171 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Paragraph 11 — part 1 430 for, 157 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
22 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania Paragraph 10 — part 2 334 for, 259 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 1 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Manfred WEBER EPPGermany98 % of 4 551 shared89 %
Axel VOSS EPPGermany98 % of 4 554 shared89 %
Sven SIMON EPPGermany98 % of 4 704 shared89 %
Ralf SEEKATZ EPPGermany97 % of 5 120 shared89 %
Verena MERTENS EPPGermany97 % of 5 053 shared89 %
Oliver SCHENK EPPGermany97 % of 5 703 shared89 %
Marion WALSMANN EPPGermany97 % of 5 653 shared89 %
Alexandra MEHNERT EPPGermany97 % of 5 059 shared89 %
Christine SCHNEIDER Former memberEPPGermany97 % of 3 588 shared89 %
Angelika NIEBLER EPPGermany97 % of 5 068 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia87 % of 5 173 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany86 % of 3 845 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania86 % of 5 067 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands86 % of 4 360 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania85 % of 4 177 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany85 % of 5 600 shared82 %
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands85 % of 5 072 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland85 % of 4 550 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium85 % of 5 591 shared82 %
Moritz KÖRNER RenewGermany85 % of 5 649 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeSubstitute20 Jan 2025now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-CL Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Southeast Asia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)DASE DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember22 May 2026now
Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food SafetyENVI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 202419 Jan 2025

Show all 7 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationTRAN2 Jul 2026
Amending Regulation (EU) 2019/631 as regards CO2 emission performance standards for new light duty vehicles and vehicle labelling and repealing Directive 1999/94/ECOpinion rapporteurTRAN8 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationTRAN8 Apr 2026
Amending Regulation (EU) 2019/631 as regards CO2 emission performance standards for new light duty vehicles and vehicle labelling and repealing Directive 1999/94/ECShadow rapporteur for an opinionTRAN26 Mar 2026
Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilShadow rapporteurTRAN18 Mar 2026
Amending Directive 92/6/EEC to exempt certain N2 electric vehicles from the requirement to install and use a speed limitation deviceShadow rapporteurTRAN18 Mar 2026
EP delegation to the Conciliation Committee on Air Passenger Rights 2013/0072(COD)Trilogue negotiator17 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationTRAN10 Oct 2025
Amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 establishing the framework for achieving climate neutralityShadow rapporteur for an opinionTRAN22 Sept 2025
Amending Directive 2014/45/EU on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and Directive 2014/47/EU on the technical roadside inspection of the roadworthiness of commercial vehicles circulating in the UnionRapporteurTRAN22 Sept 2025

Show all 16 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

23 contributions recorded; 9 on behalf of their group; 45 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 23 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 15

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
15 Jul 2026Urgent review of Regulation (EU) 2024/1610 on CO₂ emission standards for trailers P-10-2026-002928Priority written questionwith 1 co-author28 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
13 May 2026ME/CFS: assessing Horizon Europe funding, uptake gaps and the need for targeted EU research action E-10-2026-001988Written questionwith 6 co-authors15 Jul 2026
6 May 2026Practical feasibility of labelling requirements for secondary and tertiary reusable packaging under Articles 12 and 15(8) PPWR E-10-2026-001856Written questionwith 12 co-authors10 Jul 2026
25 Mar 2026Ensuring competition and strategic autonomy in the AI gigafactory supply chain E-10-2026-001255Written questionwith 17 co-authors19 Jun 2026
6 Mar 2026Classification of local electricity supply facilities (‘customer facilities’) under internal market law pursuant to Directive (EU) 2019/944 E-10-2026-000942Written questionwith 4 co-authors12 Jun 2026
14 Jan 2026Strengthening Europe’s printed circuit boards & electronics production E-10-2026-000120Written questionwith 15 co-authors24 Mar 2026
18 Dec 2025Future of the LEADER programme in the 2028-2034 multiannual financial framework E-10-2025-005014Written questionwith 2 co-authors23 Feb 2026
9 Dec 2025Revision of the CO<sub>2</sub> fleet emissions targets timetable for heavy-duty vehicles and consistency with infrastructure frameworks E-10-2025-004860Written questionwith 1 co-author5 Mar 2026
20 Aug 2025The critical role of the Biomass Package in the future of certain power stations E-10-2025-003257Written questionwith 2 co-authors26 Sept 2025

Show all 15 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 68

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
10 Sept 2026on the proposal for a Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council ITRE-AM-790812 ITRE31
28 Jul 2026Amending Directives 2008/98/EC, 2010/75/EU, (EU) 2015/2193 and (EU) 2024/1785 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards simplification of some requirements and reduction of administrative burden ENVI-AM-791123 ENVI15
23 Jul 2026Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework of measures for the acceleration of industrial capacity and decarbonisation in strategic sectors and amending Regulations (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2024/1735 and (EU) 2024/3110 ENVI-AM-791124 ENVI6
23 Jul 2026Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework of measures for the acceleration of industrial capacity and decarbonisation in strategic sectors and amending Regulations (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2024/1735 and (EU) 2024/3110 ENVI-AM-791125 ENVI3
20 Jul 2026Amending Directives 2008/98/EC, 2010/75/EU, (EU) 2015/2193 and (EU) 2024/1785 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards simplification of some requirements and reduction of administrative burden ENVI-AM-790834 ENVI2
15 Jul 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 and Regulation (EU) 2024/1244 as regards simplification of some requirements and reduction of administrative burden ENVI-AM-790846 ENVI6
30 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789167 CJ7614
26 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789933 CJ7616
26 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789089 CJ7620
19 Jun 2026Clean corporate vehicles CJ46-AM-789892 CJ4623

Show all 68 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
2 October 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Jens GIESEKE”. Member record. memberId 124807. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/124807?page=46&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 2 October 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/124807. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/124807?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-124807,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Jens GIESEKE}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/124807?page=46&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/124807?page=46&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-10-02},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 124807. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/124807. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}