Skip to content

Member

Eva MAYDELL

EPP · Bulgaria

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Bulgaria
Roll-call participation
43.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.0 %ⓘ of 272 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
GERB Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
5 of 256 votesⓘ
Committees
ECON (substitute), ITRE
Member id
98341
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

43.9 %

272 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (−46.7 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.0 %

253 of 272 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (−2.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.0 %

5 of 256 votes where their group had a clear line

3 opposite (for ↔ against), 2 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.8 %

5 of 272 votes cast

Participation 43.9 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Eva MAYDELL43.9 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 93.0 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Eva MAYDELL93.0 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
18 Jun 2026Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines Amendment 7 to paragraph 6 298 for, 264 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines Amendment 1 to paragraph 6 — part 3 305 for, 238 against, 21 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Implementation of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) and risks to the security of supply of medicines Amendment 9 to paragraph 1 263 for, 271 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehicles Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 437 for, 112 against, 20 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Circularity requirements for vehicle design and management of end-of-life vehicles Proposal to reject the text 108 for, 436 against, 24 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 476 for, 11 against, 75 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Amendment 2, adding text after recital D 119 for, 407 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Amendment 1, adding text after recital C 94 for, 397 against, 69 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Shipments of waste: export of mixed municipal waste for recovery to Switzerland Final votePassed 559 for, 7 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 6 153 for, 315 against, 92 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 6 51 for, 439 against, 72 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 6 143 for, 375 against, 39 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 6 263 for, 269 against, 25 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 6 99 for, 407 against, 47 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 504 for, 4 against, 55 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Amendment 1, adding text after recital D 488 for, 37 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Vote on text inserted after recital C 366 for, 43 against, 148 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 4 — part 3 93 for, 437 against, 22 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 4 — part 2 135 for, 366 against, 60 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 4 — part 1 177 for, 369 against, 17 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
18 Jun 2026Deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 3 488 for, 39 against, 28 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
18 Jun 2026Political prisoners in Nicaragua – the cases of Carlos Brenes, Salvadora del Socorro Martínez Aburto and Brooklyn Rivera Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 3 186 for, 336 against, 37 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Georgia Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 436 for, 145 against, 47 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Georgia Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 12 88 for, 514 against, 38 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Georgia Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 1 159 for, 396 against, 90 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 431 for, 111 against, 103 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Amendment 3 to recital T 197 for, 403 against, 28 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Amendment 2 to recital S 152 for, 445 against, 50 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Amendment 5 to recital R 279 for, 328 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Amendment 1, adding text after Recital J 123 for, 448 against, 64 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Amendment 7 to paragraph 1, point u 284 for, 333 against, 32 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Recommendation on promoting transnational governance on water in the interests of conflict prevention and peace Amendment 4 to paragraph 1, after point k 220 for, 389 against, 27 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Kosovo Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 412 for, 174 against, 58 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Kosovo Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 63 252 for, 305 against, 89 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Kosovo Amendment 4 to paragraph 6 126 for, 443 against, 43 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Kosovo Amendment 3 to paragraph 2 134 for, 488 against, 18 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Bosnia and Herzegovina Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 478 for, 116 against, 54 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Bosnia and Herzegovina Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 35 156 for, 435 against, 63 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 411 for, 120 against, 120 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 6, adding text after Recital J 329 for, 257 against, 59 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Separate vote on recital J 547 for, 57 against, 53 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Separate vote on recital G 482 for, 95 against, 61 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Recital C — part 2 439 for, 133 against, 75 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Recital C — part 1 563 for, 82 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 5 to citation 4 145 for, 489 against, 23 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 76 101 for, 466 against, 90 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 3 to paragraph 73 126 for, 338 against, 188 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 71 — part 2 545 for, 22 against, 79 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Paragraph 71 — part 1 545 for, 90 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on North Macedonia Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 38 — part 2 206 for, 317 against, 124 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 45 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Andrey KOVATCHEV EPPBulgaria97 % of 2 532 shared89 %
Andrey NOVAKOV EPPBulgaria95 % of 2 406 shared89 %
Sandra KALNIETE EPPLatvia94 % of 2 415 shared89 %
Emil RADEV EPPBulgaria94 % of 1 817 shared89 %
Inese VAIDERE EPPLatvia93 % of 2 499 shared89 %
Ilia LAZAROV EPPBulgaria93 % of 1 940 shared89 %
Gheorghe FALCĂ EPPRomania93 % of 2 415 shared89 %
Jüri RATAS EPPEstonia93 % of 2 572 shared89 %
Siegfried MUREŞAN EPPRomania93 % of 2 557 shared89 %
Sven SIMON EPPGermany92 % of 1 951 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Dan BARNA RenewRomania85 % of 2 113 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium85 % of 2 462 shared82 %
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia85 % of 2 344 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania85 % of 2 075 shared82 %
Anouk VAN BRUG RenewNetherlands84 % of 1 761 shared82 %
João COTRIM DE FIGUEIREDO RenewPortugal84 % of 2 341 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland84 % of 2 241 shared82 %
Hristo PETROV RenewBulgaria84 % of 2 467 shared82 %
Ana VASCONCELOS RenewPortugal84 % of 2 328 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany84 % of 1 706 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Economic and Monetary AffairsECON CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with JapanD-JP DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationVice-chair30 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Mental HealthIG10-17 Intergroup / working groupMember5 Feb 2025now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationMember19 Sept 202429 Sept 2024

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Bulgaria's adoption of the euro on 1 January 2026RapporteurECON6 Jun 2025
No dossier namedDelegation vice-chairD-US26 Sept 2024

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

9 contributions recorded; 17 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Oct 2025Promoting EU digital rules: protecting European sovereignty (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Oct 2025Promoting EU digital rules: protecting European sovereignty (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
8 Jul 2025Bulgaria's adoption of the euro on 1 January 2026 (A10-0113/2025 - Eva Maydell) (vote) Speech · 2 minRead
7 May 2025Winning the global tech race: boosting innovation and closing funding gaps (topical debate) Speech · 6 minRead
6 May 2025A unified EU response to unjustified US trade measures and global trade opportunities for the EU (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Mar 2025One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2024Misinformation and disinformation on social media platforms, such as TikTok, and related risks to the integrity of elections in Europe (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2024Misinformation and disinformation on social media platforms, such as TikTok, and related risks to the integrity of elections in Europe (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
13 Nov 2024EU-US relations in light of the outcome of the US presidential elections (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 9 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 8

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026Circular Economy Act: regulatory barriers to secondary raw materials E-10-2026-003654Written questionwith 29 co-authorsNot yet answered
10 Sept 2026Potential market disruption linked to the European Positive List process under Directive (EU) 2020/2184 E-10-2026-003614Written questionwith 9 co-authorsNot yet answered
23 Jul 2026Energy Performance of Buildings Directive E-10-2026-003113Written questionwith 17 co-authorsNot yet answered
30 Apr 2026Systemic shortcomings in food safety controls and imports in the EU E-10-2026-001772Written questionwith 18 co-authors3 Jul 2026
24 Apr 2026Concerns regarding the termination of the Bulgarian EPPO selection procedure E-10-2026-001688Written questionwith 13 co-authors15 Jun 2026
24 Apr 2026Concerns regarding the termination of the Bulgarian EPPO selection procedure E-10-2026-001689Written questionwith 13 co-authors30 Jul 2026
17 Jun 2025The role of local authorities in addressing the financial and operational challenges posed by PFAS and other persistent chemical contaminants in Europe E-10-2025-002429Written questionwith 20 co-authors26 Aug 2025
17 Sept 2024Recent increase in electricity prices in central and eastern Europe E-10-2024-001736Written questionwith 18 co-authors6 Nov 2024

Show all 8 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 42

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791073 CJ722
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791883 CJ721
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791873 CJ727
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-786820 CJ723
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790967 CJ724
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790918 AGRI2
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790919 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790956 AGRI1
15 Jun 2026Amending Directives 2008/98/EC, 2010/75/EU, (EU) 2015/2193 and (EU) 2024/1785 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards simplification of some requirements and reduction of administrative burden ITRE-AM-789171 ITRE17
5 Jun 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788898 ITRE7

Show all 42 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Bulgaria National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
28 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Eva MAYDELL”. Member record. memberId 98341. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/98341?page=15&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 28 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/98341. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/98341?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-98341,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Eva MAYDELL}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/98341?page=15&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/98341?page=15&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-28},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 98341. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/98341. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}