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Member

Ruth FIRMENICH

No group · Germany

Group
No group NI
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
98.6 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
More facts (5)
National party
BSW Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht – Vernunft und Gerechtigkeit
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
Committees
AFET (substitute), REGI, SEDE (substitute)
Member id
25758
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

98.6 %

5 846 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

Non-attached median: 86.3 %

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Against clear lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Abstention ⓘ

24.0 %

1 403 of 5 846 votes cast

Participation 98.6 % — Non-attached median 86.3 %, 31 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 31 members of the Non-attached with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Ruth FIRMENICH98.6 %
Non-attached median86.3 %
Lowest in the group51.3 %
Highest in the group98.9 %
Members31
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other non-attached members; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.
  • The non-attached have no group line: loyalty and votes against a clear line are not computed.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 75, adding text after paragraph 5 343 for, 247 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 74, adding text after paragraph 5 338 for, 261 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 5 201 for, 390 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 5 280 for, 292 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 64 to paragraph 5 200 for, 397 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 4 437 for, 82 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 4 231 for, 350 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 4 272 for, 256 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 4 124 for, 428 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 23 to paragraph 4 427 for, 156 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 63 to paragraph 4 267 for, 332 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 21, adding text after paragraph 3 194 for, 399 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 3 136 for, 423 against, 46 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 62 to paragraph 3 92 for, 488 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 2 203 for, 390 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 2 — part 2 524 for, 75 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 2 — part 1 596 for, 8 against, 2 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 1 427 for, 149 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 1 111 for, 439 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Paragraph 1 — part 2 435 for, 127 against, 47 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 601 for, 4 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 5, adding text after recital H 200 for, 406 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 13 to recital C — part 2 344 for, 201 against, 63 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 13 to recital C — part 1 378 for, 202 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 4, adding text after recital B 195 for, 403 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 22 186 for, 408 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 5 207 for, 397 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Paragraph 5 — part 2 512 for, 86 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Paragraph 5 — part 1 602 for, 8 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 2 — part 2 210 for, 396 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 2 — part 1 210 for, 395 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 14 to paragraph 2 — part 2 347 for, 202 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 14 to paragraph 2 — part 1 381 for, 202 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 1 181 for, 424 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 1 196 for, 411 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 — part 2 344 for, 256 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 — part 1 213 for, 394 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 368 for, 172 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Amendment 1, adding text after recital G 141 for, 462 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Separate vote on paragraph 22 452 for, 119 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Separate vote on paragraph 20 480 for, 116 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 13 — part 3 582 for, 10 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 13 — part 2 275 for, 270 against, 64 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 13 — part 1 490 for, 120 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Separate vote on paragraph 12 475 for, 121 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 5 — part 4 478 for, 126 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 5 — part 3 489 for, 116 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 5 — part 2 479 for, 124 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 4 — part 3 474 for, 126 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Paragraph 4 — part 2 499 for, 95 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 10 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242322
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202420
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249291
7 Oct 202420
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202420
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129127
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202420
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202422
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245755
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244543
20 Jan 202522
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202521
23 Jan 20254545
10 Feb 202511
11 Feb 20253223
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 20253030
10 Mar 202522
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228226
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251249
3 Apr 20256262
5 May 202555
6 May 2025109
7 May 2025220218
8 May 2025103103
21 May 202522
22 May 20255352
16 Jun 202522
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259190
19 Jun 20258787
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134133
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202511
9 Sept 2025101101
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256968
6 Oct 202522
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255547
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202533
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186186
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267266
24 Nov 202533
25 Nov 20257574
26 Nov 2025100100
27 Nov 2025125123
15 Dec 202544
16 Dec 20256665
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254242
20 Jan 20266764
21 Jan 2026112112
22 Jan 20265858
9 Feb 202622
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261313
12 Feb 2026141140
24 Feb 20264343
9 Mar 202611
10 Mar 2026197195
11 Mar 20266054
12 Mar 20263432
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266969
27 Apr 202620
28 Apr 2026225223
29 Apr 2026296296
30 Apr 20266868
18 May 202640
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 20269897
15 Jun 202620
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127126
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267271
8 Jul 2026144144
9 Jul 20266767
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 2026155154
16 Sept 20268080
17 Sept 2026124124

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within No group

No member meets the rule within the group.

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Fabio DE MASI No groupGermany98 % of 5 685 shared44 %
Jan-Peter WARNKE No groupGermany97 % of 5 494 shared44 %
Thomas GEISEL No groupGermany97 % of 4 993 shared44 %
Michael VON DER SCHULENBURG No groupGermany96 % of 5 147 shared44 %
Martin SONNEBORN No groupGermany71 % of 5 047 shared44 %
Kateřina KONEČNÁ No groupCzechia60 % of 5 316 shared44 %
Branislav ONDRUŠ No groupSlovakia59 % of 4 414 shared44 %
Ondřej DOSTÁL No groupCzechia58 % of 5 355 shared44 %
Friedrich PÜRNER No groupGermany56 % of 5 029 shared44 %
Ľuboš BLAHA No groupSlovakia56 % of 5 131 shared44 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Regional DevelopmentREGI CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Subcommittee on Human RightsDROI SubcommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of South AsiaDSAS DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the OACPS-EU Joint Parliamentary AssemblyDACP Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Africa-EU Parliamentary AssemblyDAFR Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 2024now

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of China Mission to Beijing and Wuhan 26-29 May Official delegationD-CN9 May 2026
First EU-Africa Parliamentary Assembly in Eswatini, May 2026Official delegationDAFR5 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegation23 Oct 2024

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

32 contributions recorded; 41 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026Urgent need for EU support to Ukraine against Russia’s escalation of its war of aggression (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Europe's response to reduced US military deployments in Europe, particularly at its Eastern flank in the light of the latest US decisions (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Danger of normalising relations with Russia, including its participation in major cultural and sports events (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
25 Mar 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
10 Mar 2026Defence (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
24 Feb 2026Four years of Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine and European contributions to a just peace and sustained security for Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Building a stronger European defence in light of an increasingly volatile international environment (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 Jan 2026Territorial integrity and sovereignty of Greenland and the Kingdom of Denmark: the need for a united EU response to US blackmail attempts (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 32 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 14

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
29 Jul 2026Territorial scope of the amended EU-Morocco Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation concerning Morocco’s participation in PRIMA E-10-2026-003166Written questionwith 18 co-authorsNot yet answered
3 Mar 2026Three years since the railway accident in Tempi, Greece O-10-2026-000010Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
2 Mar 2026Nuclear technology and Horizon Europe E-10-2026-000847Written questionwith 8 co-authors28 May 2026
2 Mar 2026Breach of EU-Israel Association Agreement E-10-2026-000848Written questionwith 7 co-authors1 Jun 2026
27 Feb 2026Omnibus package and EU-Israel Association Agreement E-10-2026-000824Written questionwith 8 co-authors1 Jun 2026
25 Feb 2026Critical disparity in NDICI cushion allocations with regard to the humanitarian catastrophe in Gaza E-10-2026-000802Written questionwith 12 co-authors20 May 2026
3 Oct 2025Splitting of the association agreement with Mercosur E-10-2025-003894Written questionwith 13 co-authors1 Dec 2025
23 Sept 2025Highly concerning comments by VP/HR Kaja Kallas at EUISS event E-10-2025-003692Written questionwith 10 co-authors19 Dec 2025
17 Sept 2025GPS interference on the flight of Commission President von der Leyen – media disinformation and distorted facts O-10-2025-000030Oral questionwith 36 co-authorsNot yet answered
15 Sept 2025MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION B-10-2025-0402Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—

Show all 14 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 4

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
22 Apr 20262025 Commission report on Ukraine AFET-AM-786697 AFET7
27 Jun 2025Amending Regulations (EU) 2021/694, (EU) 2021/695, (EU) 2021/697, (EU) 2021/1153, (EU) 2023/1525 and 2024/795, as regards incentivising defence-related investments in the EU budget to implement the ReArm Europe Plan SEDE-AM-775439 SEDE1
5 Jun 20252023 and 2024 Commission reports on Ukraine AFET-AM-774391 AFET2
26 May 2025Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement CJ38-AM-774277 CJ383

Show all 4 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Ruth FIRMENICH”. Member record. memberId 25758. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/25758?page=2&seats=all&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/25758. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/25758?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-25758,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Ruth FIRMENICH}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/25758?page=2&seats=all&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/25758?page=2&seats=all&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 25758. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/25758. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}