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Member

Ivaylo VALCHEV

ECR · Bulgaria

Group
ECR
Country
Bulgaria
Roll-call participation
96.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.3 %ⓘ of 597 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
ITN There Is Such a People
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
13 of 495 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), CULT, IMCO (substitute), PETI
Member id
257258
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

96.9 %

601 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (+5.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.3 %

557 of 597 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (+5.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.6 %

13 of 495 votes where their group had a clear line

1 opposite (for ↔ against), 8 abstained against the line, 4 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

14.3 %

86 of 601 votes cast

Participation 96.9 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Ivaylo VALCHEV96.9 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 93.3 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Ivaylo VALCHEV93.3 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 35 135 for, 502 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 35 213 for, 433 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 26 256 for, 373 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 4 to paragraph 22 342 for, 260 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 3 to paragraph 15 555 for, 56 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 2 to paragraph 12 327 for, 291 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 1 to paragraph 6 236 for, 377 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 5 173 for, 448 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 8 to paragraph 1 123 for, 512 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 33 to paragraph 1 179 for, 445 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO) and European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF): access to VAT information at Union level Final votePassed 549 for, 33 against, 84 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Hague Convention (1980) on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction: accession of Cabo Verde Final votePassed 659 for, 1 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026General arrangements for excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products Final votePassed 325 for, 304 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026General arrangements for excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products Amendment 4 to Article 1, paragraph 1, after point 1; Directive (EU) 2020/262 287 for, 352 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Final voteFailed 181 for, 439 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 93 to recital 18 300 for, 331 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 92 to recital 15 281 for, 315 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 91, adding text after Recital 4 297 for, 267 against, 87 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 90, adding text after Recital 3 284 for, 293 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 89 to recital 3 287 for, 304 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendments 67 + 70 (voted as one) to Article 20 289 for, 316 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendments 60 + 61 (voted as one) to Article 16 328 for, 294 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 96 to Article 12, after paragraph 4 266 for, 363 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 95 to Article 12, paragraph 4 273 for, 352 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 94 to Article 12, after paragraph 3 269 for, 353 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination (Resolution) Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 542 for, 52 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 608 for, 38 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU-Pakistan Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 276 for, 13 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 418 for, 218 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Proposal to vote on amendments 258 for, 394 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Proposal to reject the text 198 for, 453 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 30, adding text after Recital 68 261 for, 365 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 1 to recital 34 270 for, 349 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 20 + 28 (voted as one), adding text after Recital 25 258 for, 370 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 19, adding text after Recital 18 185 for, 450 against, 21 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 27, adding text after Recital 15 212 for, 424 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 18 + 26 (voted as one), adding text after Recital 1 209 for, 433 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 37 to Annex II, after point 2 205 for, 425 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 15 + 16 + 24 + 36 (voted as one), adding text after Article 37 280 for, 343 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 9 to Article 27, paragraph 1, point c 257 for, 353 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 23 + 35 (voted as one), adding text after Article 24 262 for, 369 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 34, adding text after Article 11 264 for, 372 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 22 + 33 (voted as one) to Article 10, after paragraph 1 258 for, 376 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 32 to Article 10, paragraph 1 264 for, 372 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 8 to Article 9, paragraph 1, subparagraph 2, after point d 269 for, 355 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 7 to Article 7, paragraph 2, after point d 257 for, 354 against, 44 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 6 to Article 6, paragraph 3, after point d 269 for, 357 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 21 + 31 (voted as one), adding text after Article 4 202 for, 428 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 17 + 25 (voted as one) 201 for, 431 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Jun 2026Reinforcing development cooperation to address irregular population movements and their root causes in partner countries Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 344 for, 237 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 0 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Stephen Nikola BARTULICA ECRCroatia90 % of 4 878 shared81 %
Reinis POZŅAKS ECRLatvia90 % of 5 553 shared81 %
Nora JUNCO GARCÍA changed group ECRSpain90 % of 4 976 shared81 %
Diego SOLIER changed group ECRSpain90 % of 5 175 shared81 %
Roberts ZĪLE ECRLatvia90 % of 4 246 shared81 %
Rihards KOLS ECRLatvia89 % of 5 381 shared81 %
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly89 % of 4 984 shared81 %
Adrian-George AXINIA ECRRomania89 % of 4 932 shared81 %
Antonella SBERNA ECRItaly89 % of 5 035 shared81 %
Marco SQUARTA ECRItaly89 % of 4 444 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal73 % of 5 520 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia73 % of 4 713 shared62 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania72 % of 4 816 shared48 %
Antonín STANĚK PatriotsCzechia72 % of 3 387 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain71 % of 5 141 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain71 % of 5 386 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain71 % of 5 481 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain71 % of 5 731 shared68 %
Jaroslav KNOT PatriotsCzechia71 % of 2 981 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain71 % of 4 329 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Culture and EducationCULT CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on PetitionsPETI CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-North Macedonia Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-MK Joint parliamentary committeeVice-chair3 Oct 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Serbia Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeD-RS Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Wine, Quality Foodstuffs and SpiritsIG10-28 Intergroup / working groupMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation to the EU-North Macedonia Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-MK Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 20242 Oct 2024

Show all 9 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurCULT16 Sept 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurCULT15 Sept 2026
European Capitals of Culture 2034–2047Shadow rapporteurCULT15 Sept 2026
25th EU- North Macedonia JPC Meeting, 24-25 September 2026, SkopjeOfficial delegationD-MK7 Sept 2026
Enhanced EU decision-making through means provided for in the EU treatiesShadow rapporteur for an opinionAFET6 May 2026
2025 Commission report on KosovoShadow rapporteurAFET2 Feb 2026
2025 Commission report on North MacedoniaShadow rapporteurAFET2 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationCULT10 Dec 2025
Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818Shadow rapporteurCULT14 Oct 2025
A new strategy for media literacy and digital learningShadow rapporteurCULT14 Oct 2025

Show all 23 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

45 contributions recorded, 17 written statements; 4 on behalf of their group; 37 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 83

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026Circular Economy Act: regulatory barriers to secondary raw materials E-10-2026-003654Written questionwith 29 co-authorsNot yet answered
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya B-10-2026-0420Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
8 Aug 2026Transitional application of Article 45(3) of the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation to small businesses E-10-2026-003236Written question25 Sept 2026
17 Jul 2026Adapting EU energy performance policies in the light of extreme heat episodes O-10-2026-000032Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
1 Jul 2026The Erasmus+ ‘Spark’ project and the use of EU funds for sexual education programmes E-10-2026-002732Written questionwith 8 co-authors19 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission delegated regulation (EU) of 27 March 2026 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/688 as regards infection with bluetongue virus (serotypes 1-24) and infection with epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus and introducing a derogation for movements of registered equine animals B-10-2026-0342Motion for a resolutionwith 40 co-authors—
17 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso B-10-2026-0329Motion for a resolutionwith 18 co-authors—
17 Jun 2026Objections against the proposed Bulgarian 2 euro commemorative coin dedicated to the Bulgarian alphabet P-10-2026-002505Priority written questionNot yet answered

Show all 83 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 66

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791040 IMCO4
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791044 IMCO2
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791041 IMCO6
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790918 AGRI2
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790956 AGRI1
13 Jul 2026Establishing the conditions for the implementation of the Union support to the Common Agriculture Policy for the period from 2028 to 2034 AGRI-AM-790919 AGRI1
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790059 CJ6524
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790058 CJ657
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790057 CJ6517
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790062 CJ6514

Show all 66 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Bulgaria National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
27 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Ivaylo VALCHEV”. Member record. memberId 257258. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257258?page=17&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 27 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257258. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257258?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257258,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Ivaylo VALCHEV}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257258?page=17&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257258?page=17&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-27},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257258. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257258. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}