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Member

Alberico GAMBINO

ECR · Italy

Group
ECR
Country
Italy
Roll-call participation
80.8 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
94.6 %ⓘ of 499 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
FdL FRATELLI D' ITALIA
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
4 of 414 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (vice-chair), SEDE, TRAN (substitute)
Member id
257097
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

80.8 %

501 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (−11.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

94.6 %

472 of 499 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (+6.9 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.0 %

4 of 414 votes where their group had a clear line

3 opposite (for ↔ against), 1 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

17.0 %

85 of 501 votes cast

Participation 80.8 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Alberico GAMBINO80.8 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 94.6 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Alberico GAMBINO94.6 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Amendment 101 to Article 47 48 for, 520 against, 57 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Amendment 93, adding text after Article 45 92 for, 496 against, 46 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Amendment 92 to Article 45 79 for, 501 against, 53 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Amendment 91 to Article 42 54 for, 511 against, 64 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Amendment 90 to Article 15 48 for, 521 against, 65 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Business in Europe: Framework for Income Taxation (BEFIT) Amendment 89 to Article 2 51 for, 509 against, 60 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore (Resolution) Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 572 for, 18 against, 41 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Digital Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 515 for, 93 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Opinion from the Court of Justice on the compatibility with the Treaties of the proposed Agreement on Digital Trade between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore Final vote on the motion for a resolutionRejected 136 for, 432 against, 71 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Final votePassed 543 for, 72 against, 22 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Amendment 1, adding text after recital 5 73 for, 548 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Amendment 4 to Article 1 80 for, 544 against, 10 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Amendment 2 to Article 1– paragraph 1 106 for, 507 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Referral back to committee 426 for, 202 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Exceptional trade measures for countries and territories participating in or linked to the Stabilisation and Association Process Amendment 3 to Article 1 79 for, 539 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Final votePassed 382 for, 249 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 265 to recital 28 203 for, 423 against, 10 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 228 + 287 (voted as one) to recital 26 360 for, 277 against, 4 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 286 to recital 24 294 for, 337 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 227 + 285 (voted as one) to recital 19 364 for, 269 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 260 to recital 19 183 for, 457 against, 3 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 226 + 284 (voted as one) to recital 18 363 for, 276 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 259 to recital 18 179 for, 457 against, 3 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 225 + 283 (voted as one) to recital 14 365 for, 271 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 352 to recital 14 181 for, 453 against, 2 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 224 + 282 (voted as one) to recital 12 364 for, 266 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 223 + 281 (voted as one) to recital 9 367 for, 270 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 351 to recital 9 186 for, 441 against, 3 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 222 + 280 (voted as one) to recital 7 361 for, 274 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 350 to recital 7 181 for, 444 against, 2 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 221 + 279 (voted as one) to recital 5 366 for, 273 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 349 to recital 5 179 for, 450 against, 3 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 394, adding text after recital 2 182 for, 446 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 393 to recital 2 183 for, 445 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 254 + 316 + 2 (voted as one) to Article 4 368 for, 271 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 116 + 117 + 316 + 1 (voted as one) to Article 4 536 for, 100 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 219 to Article 4 201 for, 426 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 217 to Article 4 210 for, 423 against, 4 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 215 to Article 4 211 for, 423 against, 4 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 212 to Article 4 209 for, 422 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 210 to Article 4 209 for, 425 against, 4 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 208 to Article 4 207 for, 430 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 207 + 266 + 348 (voted as one) to Article 4 251 for, 378 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 253 + 315 (voted as one) to Article 4 361 for, 280 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 115 to Article 4 238 for, 395 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 205 to Article 4 94 for, 532 against, 12 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 252 + 314 (voted as one) to Article 4 364 for, 270 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 251 + 313 (voted as one) to Article 4 364 for, 270 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendments 311 + 398 (voted as one) to Article 4 365 for, 276 against, 4 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Nov 2025Certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 308 to Article 4 114 for, 522 against, 10 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 13 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Carlo FIDANZA ECRItaly99 % of 4 230 shared81 %
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly99 % of 3 927 shared81 %
Francesco VENTOLA ECRItaly99 % of 4 137 shared81 %
Francesco TORSELLI ECRItaly99 % of 4 418 shared81 %
Antonella SBERNA ECRItaly99 % of 4 109 shared81 %
Mario MANTOVANI ECRItaly99 % of 3 447 shared81 %
Denis NESCI ECRItaly99 % of 4 484 shared81 %
Stefano CAVEDAGNA ECRItaly99 % of 4 116 shared81 %
Daniele POLATO ECRItaly99 % of 4 432 shared81 %
Mariateresa VIVALDINI ECRItaly99 % of 4 376 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal73 % of 4 296 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain72 % of 4 094 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia72 % of 3 422 shared62 %
Antonín STANĚK PatriotsCzechia72 % of 2 212 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain71 % of 4 381 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain71 % of 4 279 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain71 % of 4 455 shared68 %
Ondřej KOVAŘÍK Former memberPatriotsCzechia71 % of 1 154 shared68 %
Branko GRIMS changed group No groupSlovenia71 % of 4 033 shared50 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain71 % of 3 296 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeVice-chair23 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember6 May 2025now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with Central AsiaDCAS DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Children’s RightsIG10-06 Intergroup / working groupMember21 Apr 2026now
Intergroup on Sky and SpaceIG10-21 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Feb 2025now
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 202422 Jul 2024
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeVice-chair27 Jan 20255 May 2025

Show all 13 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Maritime transport: monitoring, reporting and verification and alignment with revisions of the EU Emissions Trading SystemShadow rapporteur for an opinionTRAN29 Sept 2026
EU Emissions Trading System and market stability reserve: competitiveness and cost-effective decarbonisationShadow rapporteur for an opinionTRAN29 Sept 2026
Multimodal bookingShadow rapporteurTRAN15 Sept 2026
A compass for Global Gateway in a world of crises - further guidance for core instruments, flagship projects and the Team Europe approachShadow rapporteurAFET19 Jun 2026
Amending Regulations (EC) No 261/2004, (EC) No 1107/2006, (EU) No 1177/2010, (EU) No 181/2011 and (EU) 2021/782 as regards enforcement of passenger rights in the UnionTrilogue negotiatorTRAN28 May 2026
EP Delegation to the Conciliation Committee on Air Passenger Rights 2013/0072 (COD) Trilogue negotiator28 May 2026
A new co-ownership for the future of Euro-Mediterranean relations – the Pact for the MediterraneanShadow rapporteurAFET6 May 2026
A new co-ownership for the future of Euro-Mediterranean relations – the Pact for the MediterraneanRapporteurAFET5 May 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET10 Feb 2026
Establishing Horizon Europe, the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, for the period 2028-2034 laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/695Shadow rapporteur for an opinionSEDE22 Jan 2026

Show all 21 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

33 contributions recorded; 10 on behalf of their group; 43 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 33 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 121

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya B-10-2026-0420Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
1 Sept 2026Paolo De Rosa’s links with the Autistici/Inventati hacker group and Italy’s Democratic Party P-10-2026-003407Priority written questionwith 20 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Jul 2026Regulation (EU) 2023/2055 for industrial downstream users of plastics: distinction between producers and processors E-10-2026-003043Written questionwith 9 co-authors4 Sept 2026
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan B-10-2026-0351Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Threat of War Crimes, the Escalating Violations of International Humanitarian Law and the Human Rights Situation in El-Obeid, Sudan B-10-2026-0363Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre B-10-2026-0356Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—
3 Jul 2026Extreme heatwaves and bolstering health resilience and civil protection in the EU E-10-2026-002780Written questionwith 6 co-authors20 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission delegated regulation (EU) of 27 March 2026 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/688 as regards infection with bluetongue virus (serotypes 1-24) and infection with epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus and introducing a derogation for movements of registered equine animals B-10-2026-0342Motion for a resolutionwith 40 co-authors—

Show all 121 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 63

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
1 Jul 2026Connecting Europe through high-speed rail TRAN-AM-790790 TRAN5
26 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789933 CJ768
26 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789089 CJ7612
15 Jun 2026A new co-ownership for the future of Euro-Mediterranean relations – the Pact for the Mediterranean AFET-AM-789979 AFET51
11 Jun 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure SEDE-AM-789927 SEDE13
26 May 2026Establishing Global Europe CJ19-AM-789069 CJ192
26 May 2026Establishing Global Europe CJ19-AM-789067 CJ193
26 May 2026Establishing Global Europe CJ19-AM-789068 CJ192
26 May 2026Establishing Global Europe CJ19-AM-789070 CJ192
27 Apr 2026Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 CJ05-AM-787838 CJ055

Show all 63 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Italy National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
2 October 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Alberico GAMBINO”. Member record. memberId 257097. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257097?page=62&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 2 October 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257097. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257097?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257097,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Alberico GAMBINO}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257097?page=62&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257097?page=62&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-10-02},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257097. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257097. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 343d33dd3e67 (2 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}