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Member

Rachel BLOM

Patriots · Netherlands

Group
Patriots PfE
Country
Netherlands
Roll-call participation
95.3 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
74.7 %ⓘ of 590 votes where the group had a line · Patriots median 80.0 %
More facts (5)
National party
PVV Partij voor de Vrijheid
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
77 of 465 votesⓘ
Committees
SEDE, TRAN
Member id
256998
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

95.3 %

591 of 620 final votes while in office

Patriots median: 90.8 % (+4.5 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

74.7 %

441 of 590 votes where their group had a line

Patriots median: 80.0 % (−5.3 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

16.6 %

77 of 465 votes where their group had a clear line

33 opposite (for ↔ against), 32 abstained against the line, 12 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

14.9 %

88 of 591 votes cast

Participation 95.3 % — Patriots median 90.8 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Rachel BLOM95.3 %
Patriots median90.8 %
Lowest in the group44.2 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members89
With majority line 74.7 % — Patriots median 80.0 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Rachel BLOM74.7 %
Patriots median80.0 %
Lowest in the group59.5 %
Highest in the group94.8 %
Members89
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Patriots; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
17 Sept 2026Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong Kong following the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung Adopted 459 for, 12 against, 86 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
17 Sept 2026Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro Adopted 374 for, 198 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026An EU health workforce crisis plan: sustainability of healthcare systems and employment and working conditions in the healthcare sector Adopted 514 for, 61 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya Adopted 562 for, 1 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Sept 2026Impact of social media and the online environment on young people Adopted 395 for, 136 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
17 Sept 2026The role of social, economic and environmental standards in safeguarding fair competition for all aquatic food products and improving food security Adopted 467 for, 92 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Adopted 368 for, 172 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Adopted 601 for, 4 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Adopted 339 for, 225 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Strengthening global health resilience in partner countries Adopted 319 for, 142 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) Passed 549 for, 92 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) Passed 540 for, 105 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Passed 530 for, 125 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Passed 496 for, 53 against, 125 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation 2028-2034 Passed 600 for, 21 against, 48 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Tie
16 Sept 2026Nuclear decommissioning assistance programme of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania for the period 2028-2034 Passed 625 for, 20 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Switzerland Agreement on the transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 549 for, 75 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-UK Agreement regarding cooperation on the application of their respective competition laws Consent given 640 for, 5 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Iceland Agreement on the participation of Iceland in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 631 for, 7 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Norway Agreement on the participation of Norway in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 612 for, 8 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean GMB151 x DAS-44406-6 Objection passed 442 for, 184 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 94313 Objection passed 457 for, 184 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified maize MON 87460 Objection passed 433 for, 159 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Adopted 470 for, 129 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026An EU cardiovascular diseases strategy Adopted 545 for, 47 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Adopted 390 for, 218 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Passed 464 for, 50 against, 159 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Passed 433 for, 97 against, 146 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Passed 367 for, 240 against, 59 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the buildings, road transport and additional sectors Passed 467 for, 158 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation into Union law of measures adopted by regional fisheries management organisations Passed 559 for, 48 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM): fishing in the GFCM Agreement area Passed 580 for, 51 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Temporary trade-liberalisation measures applicable to Armenian products Passed 583 for, 49 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Passed 440 for, 127 against, 104 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Adopted 420 for, 220 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Adopted 530 for, 77 against, 61 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Adopted 477 for, 124 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Global role of the euro Adopted 405 for, 146 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026Establishment of the digital euro Negotiating mandate approved 416 for, 169 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Adopted 476 for, 28 against, 96 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Adopted 510 for, 1 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness Adopted 366 for, 192 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement Consent given 479 for, 119 against, 65 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026Protection of the environment through criminal law Consent given 499 for, 99 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Interim Agreement on Trade Consent given 474 for, 131 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026EU–Morocco Euro-Mediterranean Aviation Agreement: accession to the EU of Croatia (Protocol) Consent given 625 for, 16 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU-Morocco Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting out the terms and conditions for the participation of Morocco in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA): amendment and supplement Consent given 573 for, 35 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Objection passed 388 for, 248 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Lead in certain fishing tackle Objection failed 197 for, 455 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize NK603 × T25 Objection passed 460 for, 189 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 3 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Patriots

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marieke EHLERS PatriotsNetherlands99 % of 5 636 shared74 %
Mieke ANDRIESE PatriotsNetherlands99 % of 2 577 shared74 %
Ton DIEPEVEEN PatriotsNetherlands99 % of 5 289 shared74 %
Auke ZIJLSTRA PatriotsNetherlands99 % of 5 440 shared74 %
Sebastian KRUIS PatriotsNetherlands99 % of 4 995 shared74 %
Sebastiaan STÖTELER Former memberPatriotsNetherlands98 % of 2 159 shared74 %
Vilis KRIŠTOPANS PatriotsLatvia82 % of 5 242 shared74 %
Tom VANDENDRIESSCHE PatriotsBelgium81 % of 5 680 shared74 %
Barbara BONTE PatriotsBelgium81 % of 5 637 shared74 %
Gerolf ANNEMANS PatriotsBelgium80 % of 4 963 shared74 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Guillaume PELTIER ECRFrance78 % of 4 963 shared68 %
Roberto VANNACCI changed group ESNItaly78 % of 2 249 shared68 %
Laurence TROCHU ECRFrance77 % of 5 526 shared68 %
Volker SCHNURRBUSCH changed group ESNGermany77 % of 4 413 shared69 %
Marion MARÉCHAL ECRFrance77 % of 4 960 shared68 %
René AUST ESNGermany77 % of 5 248 shared70 %
Nicolas BAY ECRFrance77 % of 5 183 shared68 %
Markus BUCHHEIT ESNGermany76 % of 5 228 shared70 %
Marc JONGEN ESNGermany76 % of 5 119 shared70 %
Sarah KNAFO ESNFrance76 % of 4 285 shared70 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember24 Nov 2025now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Special Committee on the Housing Crisis in the European UnionHOUS Special committeeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with CanadaD-CA DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, including the EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary Committee and the EU-Kosovo Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeDSEE DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Committee on Employment and Social AffairsEMPL CommitteeMember19 Jul 202426 Nov 2025

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilShadow rapporteurTRAN27 May 2026
Amending Directive 92/6/EEC to exempt certain N2 electric vehicles from the requirement to install and use a speed limitation deviceShadow rapporteurTRAN27 May 2026
Institutional aspects of the Common European Defence UnionShadow rapporteurSEDE7 May 2026
EP delegation to the Conciliation Committee on Air Passenger Rights 2013/0072(COD)Trilogue negotiator9 Mar 2026
Union Civil Protection Mechanism and Union support for health emergency preparedness and response, and repealing Decision No 1313/2013/EU (Union Civil Protection Mechanism)Shadow rapporteur for an opinionSEDE27 Feb 2026
Amending Regulations (EC) No 261/2004, (EC) No 1107/2006, (EU) No 1177/2010, (EU) No 181/2011 and (EU) 2021/782 as regards enforcement of passenger rights in the UnionShadow rapporteurTRAN11 Feb 2026
Amending Directive 2014/45/EU on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and Directive 2014/47/EU on the technical roadside inspection of the roadworthiness of commercial vehicles circulating in the UnionShadow rapporteurTRAN18 Jun 2025
Public interface connected to the Internal Market Information System for the declaration of posting of workers and amending Regulation (EU) No 1024/2012Shadow rapporteurEMPL26 Mar 2025
Implementation of the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation AgreementShadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL19 Mar 2025
Opinion: Guidelines of the Budget 2026Shadow rapporteur for an opinionEMPL15 Jan 2025

Show all 15 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

3 contributions recorded; 3 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
10 Mar 2026Housing crisis in the European Union with the aim of proposing solutions for decent, sustainable and affordable housing (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 Jan 2026CFSP and CSDP (Article 36 TEU) (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
18 Dec 2024Restoring the EU’s competitive edge – the need for an impact assessment on the Green Deal policies (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Questions and motions, 31

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
15 Sept 2026Alleged EU competence in the field of housing E-10-2026-003675Written questionwith 1 co-authorNot yet answered
6 Jul 2026Chaos at European airports caused by EES P-10-2026-002795Priority written question18 Sept 2026
7 May 2026Aviation fuel shortage E-10-2026-001884Written questionwith 3 co-authors15 Jun 2026
11 Feb 2026Alleged Commission interference in Member State elections through the Digital Services Act E-10-2026-000592Written questionwith 5 co-authors20 Apr 2026
11 Feb 2026Impact of EU transport policy on the automotive sector and budgetary impact on the EGF and net contributor Member States E-10-2026-000588Written questionwith 1 co-author10 Apr 2026
14 Jan 2026MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION MOTION OF CENSURE ON THE COMMISSION B-10-2026-0063Motion for a resolutionwith 109 co-authors—
14 Jan 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION seeking an opinion from the Court of Justice on the compatibility with the Treaties of the proposed Partnership Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and the Common Market of the South, the Argentine Republic, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Paraguay and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, of the other part, and the proposed Interim Agreement on Trade between the European Union, of the one part, and the Common Market of the South, the Argentine Republic, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Paraguay and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, of the other part B-10-2026-0061Motion for a resolutionwith 101 co-authors—
19 Dec 2025Multi-million euro fine against X to enforce the EU censorship agenda under the guise of alleged violations of transparency obligations under the DSA O-10-2025-000047Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Dec 2025Temporary exemption from nitrogen regulations for sustainable energy infrastructure, housing construction and essential infrastructure in the Netherlands E-10-2025-004980Written question16 Feb 2026
2 Dec 2025Inclusion of the Muslim Brotherhood in the EU list of persons, groups and entities involved in terrorist acts (Council Decision 2001/931/CFSP) E-10-2025-004796Written questionwith 28 co-authors12 Feb 2026

Show all 31 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 42

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
30 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789167 CJ761
26 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789089 CJ768
26 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789933 CJ7618
19 Jun 2026Clean corporate vehicles CJ46-AM-789892 CJ4621
19 Jun 2026Clean corporate vehicles CJ46-AM-790087 CJ467
12 Jun 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2019/631 as regards CO2 emission performance standards for new light duty vehicles and vehicle labelling and repealing Directive 1999/94/EC TRAN-AM-789087 TRAN59
11 Jun 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure SEDE-AM-789927 SEDE5
11 Jun 2026Amending Directive 92/6/EEC to exempt certain N2 electric vehicles from the requirement to install and use a speed limitation device TRAN-AM-789944 TRAN4
24 Apr 2026Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 CJ05-AM-787837 CJ055
24 Apr 2026Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 CJ05-AM-787836 CJ054

Show all 42 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Rachel BLOM”. Member record. memberId 256998. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256998?rows=all&scope=final&seats=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256998. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256998?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-256998,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Rachel BLOM}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256998?rows=all&scope=final&seats=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256998?rows=all&scope=final&seats=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256998. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256998. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}