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Member

Hana JALLOUL MURO

S&D · Spain

Group
S&D
Country
Spain
Roll-call participation
81.6 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
98.8 %ⓘ of 506 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PSOE Partido Socialista Obrero Español
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
5 of 502 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (vice-chair), INTA (substitute), PETI (substitute)
Member id
256992
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

81.6 %

506 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (−7.9 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

98.8 %

500 of 506 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (+1.7 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.0 %

5 of 502 votes where their group had a clear line

2 opposite (for ↔ against), 3 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.0 %

5 of 506 votes cast

Participation 81.6 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Hana JALLOUL MURO81.6 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 98.8 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Hana JALLOUL MURO98.8 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 19 — part 3 463 for, 101 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 19 — part 2 424 for, 122 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 27 to paragraph 18 484 for, 44 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 15 — part 2 475 for, 90 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 2 to paragraph 14 410 for, 181 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 12 432 for, 108 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 8 to paragraph 12 58 for, 500 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 11 448 for, 129 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 22, adding text after paragraph 10 151 for, 429 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 9 — part 3 370 for, 205 against, 43 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 9 — part 2 313 for, 247 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 9 — part 1 403 for, 159 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 21 to paragraph 9 79 for, 510 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 7 to paragraph 9 64 for, 525 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 8 134 for, 447 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 8 377 for, 191 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 7 166 for, 430 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 7 91 for, 515 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 7 68 for, 514 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 7 89 for, 505 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 7 471 for, 61 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 6 to paragraph 6 45 for, 547 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 5 466 for, 118 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 3 105 for, 481 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 3 175 for, 414 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 2 166 for, 414 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 2 132 for, 471 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 2 — part 3 447 for, 135 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 2 — part 2 498 for, 86 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 2 — part 1 551 for, 49 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 5 to paragraph 2 76 for, 529 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 1 565 for, 33 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 4 to paragraph 1 50 for, 544 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 380 for, 182 against, 51 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024EU/USA Agreement on the launch of Galileo satellites from U.S. Territory Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 582 for, 16 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 1, adding text after recital D 112 for, 485 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 6 113 for, 441 against, 56 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 6 231 for, 326 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 6 219 for, 357 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 6 209 for, 359 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Separate vote on paragraph 6 356 for, 204 against, 55 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 4 to paragraph 6 241 for, 345 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The severe situation of political prisoners in Belarus Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 549 for, 21 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The severe situation of political prisoners in Belarus Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 6 255 for, 316 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 565 for, 8 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Amendment 1, adding text after recital D 177 for, 426 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 8 200 for, 400 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 8 182 for, 418 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Paragraph 8 — part 2 444 for, 153 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Separate vote on paragraph 7 458 for, 90 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 10 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Alicia HOMS GINEL S&DSpain99 % of 4 153 shared93 %
Rosa SERRANO SIERRA S&DSpain98 % of 4 955 shared93 %
Elena SANCHO MURILLO S&DSpain98 % of 4 961 shared93 %
Marcos ROS SEMPERE S&DSpain98 % of 4 723 shared93 %
Lina GÁLVEZ S&DSpain98 % of 4 213 shared93 %
Laura BALLARÍN CEREZA S&DSpain98 % of 3 270 shared93 %
Idoia MENDIA S&DSpain98 % of 4 844 shared93 %
Javier MORENO SÁNCHEZ S&DSpain98 % of 4 800 shared93 %
José CEPEDA S&DSpain98 % of 4 208 shared93 %
Leire PAJÍN S&DSpain98 % of 4 646 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium89 % of 3 601 shared86 %
Bernard GUETTA RenewFrance89 % of 4 662 shared86 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia89 % of 4 322 shared86 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance88 % of 4 473 shared86 %
Dainius ŽALIMAS RenewLithuania88 % of 4 696 shared86 %
Brigitte VAN DEN BERG RenewNetherlands88 % of 4 281 shared86 %
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands88 % of 4 905 shared86 %
Charles GOERENS RenewLuxembourg88 % of 4 644 shared86 %
Valérie HAYER RenewFrance88 % of 4 723 shared86 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands88 % of 4 972 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeVice-chair23 Jul 2024now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on PetitionsPETI CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Subcommittee on Human RightsDROI SubcommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with the Arab PeninsulaDARP DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the Maghreb countries and the Arab Maghreb Union, including the EU-Morocco, EU-Tunisia and EU-Algeria Joint Parliamentary CommitteesDMAG DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Trade UnionsIG10-24 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on the Two-State Solution for Israel and PalestineIG10-26 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 202422 Jul 2024

Show all 10 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Monitoring the application of European Union law in 2026Shadow rapporteur for an opinionPETI7 Sept 2026
DARP mission to Saudi Arabia 19-21 July 2026, 18th EU-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Interparliamentary Meeting (IPM)Official delegationDARP1 Jul 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and the United Mexican States, of the other partShadow rapporteurINTA1 Jun 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Interim Agreement on Trade between the European Union and the United Mexican StatesShadow rapporteurINTA1 Jun 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and the United Mexican States, of the other partShadow rapporteurINTA9 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA9 Apr 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationDROI20 Mar 2026
Addressing impunity through EU sanctions, including the EU Global Human Rights sanctions regime (so called “EU Magnitsky Act”)Shadow rapporteurAFET7 Oct 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET7 Oct 2025
Relations between the EU and Saudi ArabiaRapporteurAFET14 May 2025

Show all 14 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

42 contributions recorded, 7 written statements; 3 on behalf of their group; 54 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026State of the Union (debate) StatementRead
15 Sept 2026Escalation in the Middle East (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026The EU’s role in the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip and the accountability of Israel under international law (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) StatementRead
7 Jul 2026EU-Mexico (joint debate) on behalf of S&DSpeech · 3 minRead
16 Jun 2026The role of the EU in efforts for peace and stability throughout the Middle East after the announced deal between the US and Iran (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Question Time (VPC/HR) - EU’s strategy to address the current crises in the Middle East Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026Question Time (VPC/HR) - EU’s strategy to address the current crises in the Middle East Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) StatementRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 68

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
24 Jul 2026Compatibility with EU law of legislative measures adopted by the Parliament of the Autonomous Community of Valencia with regard to ‘national priority’ E-10-2026-003118Written questionwith 16 co-authors15 Sept 2026
22 Jul 2026EU support for the Global Partnership for Education ahead of the 2026 Replenishment Conference E-10-2026-003098Written questionwith 7 co-authors31 Aug 2026
15 Jul 2026Protection of the Ambroz lagoons and compliance with EU environmental legislation P-10-2026-002933Priority written questionwith 2 co-authors26 Aug 2026
14 Jul 2026State of play of negotiations on the agreement on the exchange of personal data between Europol and Israel E-10-2026-002925Written questionwith 24 co-authors1 Sept 2026
2 Jul 2026Sale of assets confiscated from opponents by the Ortega and Murillo regime in Nicaragua E-10-2026-002747Written questionwith 6 co-authors7 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
29 Jun 2026Community of Madrid’s new hunting and fisheries law: compliance with EU biodiversity rules E-10-2026-002688Written questionwith 2 co-authors27 Aug 2026
26 Jun 2026Commission meeting with Taliban representatives and reported discussion on consular services P-10-2026-002653Priority written questionwith 21 co-authors26 Aug 2026
18 Jun 2026Procedural irregularities surrounding the case of the ‘Ulm 5’ activists in Germany E-10-2026-002533Written questionwith 20 co-authors2 Sept 2026
17 Jun 2026Request that the Commission publish evidence pertaining to the non-activation of the Blocking Statute E-10-2026-002520Written questionwith 31 co-authorsNot yet answered

Show all 68 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 40

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
4 Sept 2026Shaping the EU's external action to address the human rights challenges posed by artificial intelligence AFET-AM-792029 AFET17
4 Sept 2026Shaping the EU's external action to address the human rights challenges posed by artificial intelligence AFET-AM-792048 AFET50
15 Jun 2026EU-Syria political relations AFET-AM-789951 AFET66
15 Jun 2026A new co-ownership for the future of Euro-Mediterranean relations – the Pact for the Mediterranean AFET-AM-789979 AFET38
5 Jun 2026State of play of advancing EU-Africa trade and investment relations INTA-AM-789127 INTA21
20 Apr 2026Interim report in view of the consent procedure on the Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement between the EU and Mexico CJ38-AM-787715 CJ3832
5 Mar 2026Role of trade in strengthening the EU's economic security INTA-AM-785273 INTA36
20 Jan 2026on the proposal for a Council regulation laying down the Multiannual Financial Framework for the years 2028 to 2034 AFET-AM-782399 AFET15
5 Dec 2025Addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781298 INTA5
24 Nov 2025Recommendation for the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on EU-China political relations AFET-AM-779786 AFET18

Show all 40 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Spain National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Hana JALLOUL MURO”. Member record. memberId 256992. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256992?page=118&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256992. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256992?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-256992,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Hana JALLOUL MURO}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256992?page=118&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256992?page=118&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256992. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256992. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}