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Member

Lukas SIEPER

Renew · Germany

Group
Renew Changed group: No group 16 Jul 2024 – 24 Mar 2026 → Renew since 25 Mar 2026
Country
Germany
Roll-call participation
93.7 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes Changed group in this period: not compared with a single group’s median.
With majority line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
More facts (5)
National party
PdF Partei des Fortschritts
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
—ⓘ The non-attached have no group line.
Committees
JURI
Member id
256971
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

93.7 %

581 of 620 final votes while in office

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Against clear lineⓘ

—

The non-attached have no group line.

Abstention ⓘ

1.2 %

7 of 581 votes cast

Compared with each group they sat in

The member’s record in each group they sat in during the period, over the roll calls held while they sat in it (dates: the first and last of them). Each figure with its denominator: participation of the roll calls held, majority line of the votes where the group had one, against clear line of the votes where it had a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting), abstention of the votes cast. Median: that group’s median over the same roll calls, with the member’s difference in percentage points. A figure over fewer than 50 votes is shown as a count.
GroupParticipationWith majority lineAgainst clear lineAbstention
No group 17 Jul 2024 – 12 Mar 202692.4 % of 435 median 89.4 %no group lineno group line1.5 % of 402
Renew 26 Mar 2026 – 17 Sept 202696.8 % of 185 median 93.2 % (+3.5 pts)95.5 % of 178 median 93.9 % (+1.6 pts)2.4 % of 1660.6 % of 179
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.
  • This member changed group in this period: each vote counts them in the group of that day, and they are compared with each group over the roll calls held while they sat in it — not with one group’s median.
  • The non-attached have no group line: loyalty and votes against a clear line are not computed.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 19 — part 3 463 for, 101 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 19 — part 2 424 for, 122 against, 61 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 27 to paragraph 18 484 for, 44 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 15 — part 2 475 for, 90 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 2 to paragraph 14 410 for, 181 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 12 432 for, 108 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 8 to paragraph 12 58 for, 500 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 11 448 for, 129 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 22, adding text after paragraph 10 151 for, 429 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 9 — part 3 370 for, 205 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 9 — part 2 313 for, 247 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 9 — part 1 403 for, 159 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 21 to paragraph 9 79 for, 510 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 7 to paragraph 9 64 for, 525 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 8 134 for, 447 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 8 377 for, 191 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 7 166 for, 430 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 18, adding text after paragraph 7 91 for, 515 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 7 68 for, 514 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 7 89 for, 505 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 7 471 for, 61 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 6 to paragraph 6 45 for, 547 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 5 466 for, 118 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 3 105 for, 481 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 3 175 for, 414 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 2 166 for, 414 against, 34 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 2 132 for, 471 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 2 — part 3 447 for, 135 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 2 — part 2 498 for, 86 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Paragraph 2 — part 1 551 for, 49 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 5 to paragraph 2 76 for, 529 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Separate vote on paragraph 1 565 for, 33 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 4 to paragraph 1 50 for, 544 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 380 for, 182 against, 51 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024EU/USA Agreement on the launch of Galileo satellites from U.S. Territory Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 582 for, 16 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 1, adding text after recital D 112 for, 485 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 6 113 for, 441 against, 56 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 6 231 for, 326 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 6 219 for, 357 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 6 209 for, 359 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Separate vote on paragraph 6 356 for, 204 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The case of José Daniel Ferrier García in Cuba Amendment 4 to paragraph 6 241 for, 345 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The severe situation of political prisoners in Belarus Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 549 for, 21 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The severe situation of political prisoners in Belarus Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 6 255 for, 316 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 565 for, 8 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Amendment 1, adding text after recital D 177 for, 426 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 8 200 for, 400 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 8 182 for, 418 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Paragraph 8 — part 2 444 for, 153 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —
19 Sept 2024The deteriorating situation of women in Afghanistan due to the recent adoption of the law on the ‘Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice’ Separate vote on paragraph 7 458 for, 90 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: —

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 6 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within the same group (on the day of each vote)

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Ľudovít ÓDOR RenewSlovakia95 % of 1 648 shared92 %
Lucia YAR RenewSlovakia95 % of 1 688 shared92 %
Veronika CIFROVÁ OSTRIHOŇOVÁ RenewSlovakia95 % of 1 145 shared92 %
Michal WIEZIK RenewSlovakia95 % of 1 598 shared92 %
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands95 % of 1 683 shared92 %
Martin HOJSÍK RenewSlovakia95 % of 1 570 shared92 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands95 % of 1 693 shared92 %
Anna STÜRGKH RenewAustria95 % of 408 shared92 %
Marjan ŠAREC RenewSlovenia94 % of 1 488 shared92 %
Brigitte VAN DEN BERG RenewNetherlands94 % of 1 407 shared92 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Udo BULLMANN S&DGermany90 % of 4 658 shared51 %
Katarina BARLEY S&DGermany90 % of 3 935 shared50 %
Birgit SIPPEL S&DGermany90 % of 4 329 shared50 %
Tobias CREMER S&DGermany89 % of 5 023 shared50 %
Bernd LANGE S&DGermany89 % of 4 947 shared49 %
Delara BURKHARDT S&DGermany89 % of 4 251 shared53 %
Lara WOLTERS S&DNetherlands89 % of 4 985 shared51 %
Alicia HOMS GINEL S&DSpain89 % of 4 590 shared51 %
René REPASI S&DGermany89 % of 5 130 shared50 %
Robert BIEDROŃ S&DPoland89 % of 5 464 shared49 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Legal AffairsJURI CommitteeMember25 Mar 2026now
Delegation to the EU-Armenia Parliamentary Partnership Committee, the EU-Azerbaijan Parliamentary Cooperation Committee and the EU-Georgia Parliamentary Association CommitteeDSCA DelegationMember18 May 2026now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblyMember18 May 2026now
Intergroup on the Future of Education and Skills for a Competitive EuropeIG10-14 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on LGBTIQ+IG10-16 Intergroup / working groupVice-chair31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Mental HealthIG10-17 Intergroup / working groupMember5 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on the Welfare and Conservation of AnimalsIG10-27 Intergroup / working groupMember8 Jan 2025now
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute30 Oct 20246 Nov 2024
Committee on BudgetsBUDG CommitteeMember19 Jul 20247 Oct 2024
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember8 Oct 202424 Mar 2026

Show all 17 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Mission with the Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association CommitteeOfficial delegation24 Jun 2026
Amendments to the Decision of the European Parliament of 28 September 2005 adopting the Statute for Members of the European Parliament, regarding proxy votingShadow rapporteurJURI16 Jun 2026
12th Ordinary Session of the Euronest PAOfficial delegationDEPA8 Oct 2025
XVI Ordinary Plenary Session of the EuroLat Parliamentary AssemblyOfficial delegationDLAT26 May 2025
Mauritius Convention - consent file 2015/0012 (NLE)Shadow rapporteurINTA5 Nov 2024

Show all 5 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

504 contributions recorded; 1 on behalf of their group; 471 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders (B10-0406/2026) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers (B10-0390/2026) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Sept 2026Protecting people’s health against toxic substances (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Sept 2026Protecting people’s health against toxic substances (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Sept 2026Post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya Speech · 1 minRead
16 Sept 2026Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro Speech · 1 minRead
16 Sept 2026Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong Kong following the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung Speech · 1 minRead
16 Sept 2026State of the Union (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) - Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) - Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) SpeechRead
15 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) - Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) - Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 24

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026Exclusion of purchases of Russian sable pelts from EU sanctions E-10-2026-003651Written questionwith 13 co-authorsNot yet answered
7 Jul 2026Impact of Court ruling on Hungarian anti-LGBTI propaganda law on similar law in Bulgaria E-10-2026-002806Written questionwith 18 co-authors15 Sept 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
29 Jun 2026Evasion of European sanctions through Türkiye in the case of machinery produced in Member States for the Russian military supply chain E-10-2026-002679Written questionwith 9 co-authors21 Aug 2026
29 Jun 2026Deterioration of Elene Khoshtaria’s health condition and political persecution in Georgia E-10-2026-002678Written questionwith 10 co-authors5 Aug 2026
9 Jun 2026Sovereignty of European payment system Wero P-10-2026-002371Priority written questionwith 9 co-authors18 Sept 2026
19 May 2026Use of Hungarian public funds for organised activities concerning transnational political influence in the EU democratic space E-10-2026-002058Written questionwith 12 co-authors1 Sept 2026
8 May 2026Export of alumina from a Member State entering the Russian military supply chain E-10-2026-001908Written questionwith 18 co-authors29 Jul 2026
27 Apr 2026Ukrainian children forcibly transferred and deported by Russia E-10-2026-001705Written questionwith 49 co-authors14 Jul 2026
11 Mar 2026Financing EU priorities in a sustainable, predictable and resilient way through a new EU own resource from the online gambling and betting services sector O-10-2026-000014Oral questionwith 42 co-authorsNot yet answered

Show all 24 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 10

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
11 Sept 2026Amendments to the Decision of the European Parliament of 28 September 2005 adopting the Statute for Members of the European Parliament, regarding proxy voting JURI-AM-792153 JURI15
19 May 2026Establishing the Justice programme for the period 2028-2034 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/693 CJ03-AM-788926 CJ034
30 Jan 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 BUDG-AM-784180 BUDG1
29 Jan 2026Multilateral negotiations in view of the WTO’s 14th Ministerial Conference in Yaoundé, 26 to 29 March 2026 INTA-AM-784177 INTA1
12 Dec 2025Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientation INTA-AM-781331 INTA7
12 Sept 2025EU-US political relations INTA-AM-775733 INTA4
23 Jul 2025Phasing out Russian natural gas imports, improving monitoring of potential energy dependencies and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1938 CJ49-AM-775766 CJ491
23 Jul 2025Phasing out Russian natural gas imports, improving monitoring of potential energy dependencies and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1938 CJ49-AM-775764 CJ491
11 Apr 2025Modification of customs duties applicable to imports of certain goods originating in or exported directly or indirectly from the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus INTA-AM-772197 INTA7
11 Apr 2025Product safety and regulatory compliance in e-commerce and non-EU imports INTA-AM-772177 INTA5

Show all 10 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political groups this term

National delegation

  • Delegation Germany National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Lukas SIEPER”. Member record. memberId 256971. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256971?page=118&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256971. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256971?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-256971,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Lukas SIEPER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256971?page=118&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256971?page=118&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256971. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256971. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}