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Member

François KALFON

S&D · France

Group
S&D
Country
France
Roll-call participation
90.6 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.6 %ⓘ of 562 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PS Parti socialiste
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
31 of 555 votesⓘ
Committees
IMCO (substitute), TRAN
Member id
256908
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

90.6 %

562 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (+1.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.6 %

526 of 562 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (−3.5 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

5.6 %

31 of 555 votes where their group had a clear line

15 opposite (for ↔ against), 15 abstained against the line, 1 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

3.7 %

21 of 562 votes cast

Participation 90.6 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
François KALFON90.6 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 93.6 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
François KALFON93.6 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
16 Sept 2026Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Proposal to reject the text 102 for, 543 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 540 for, 105 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) Proposal to reject the text 95 for, 546 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 549 for, 92 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 477 for, 124 against, 66 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Global role of the euro Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 405 for, 146 against, 60 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 49 217 for, 431 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 40 91 for, 448 against, 124 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 36 117 for, 439 against, 109 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 36 81 for, 532 against, 44 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 35 159 for, 372 against, 136 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Amendment 6 to paragraph 25 209 for, 447 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 530 for, 77 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 10 to paragraph 88 157 for, 458 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 9 to paragraph 87 193 for, 465 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Paragraph 83 — part 3 448 for, 154 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Paragraph 83 — part 2 451 for, 147 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Paragraph 83 — part 1 518 for, 74 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 2 to paragraph 75 529 for, 110 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 8 to paragraph 59 194 for, 467 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 57 200 for, 461 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 3 to paragraph 55 332 for, 300 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 6 to paragraph 54 132 for, 468 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 52 187 for, 452 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 12 336 for, 266 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Amendment 4 to paragraph 6 183 for, 454 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 420 for, 220 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 80 to recital CL 153 for, 450 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 78 to recital BZ 83 for, 513 against, 55 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 56, adding text after Recital BT 502 for, 90 against, 58 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Recital BT — part 2 459 for, 189 against, 14 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on recital AU 461 for, 193 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 1, adding text after Recital AB 204 for, 459 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Recital J — part 2 465 for, 134 against, 64 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on recital B 555 for, 94 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 11, adding text after citation 70 218 for, 406 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 73, adding text after paragraph 132 204 for, 437 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 72, adding text after paragraph 132 177 for, 456 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 55, adding text after paragraph 115 203 for, 436 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 86 to paragraph 115 247 for, 398 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 110 — part 2 118 for, 448 against, 89 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 25, adding text after paragraph 110 — part 1 287 for, 366 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on paragraph 108 503 for, 108 against, 57 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 54, adding text after paragraph 107 193 for, 459 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 104 217 for, 435 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 104 193 for, 454 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 101 201 for, 447 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 101 — part 5 431 for, 181 against, 52 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 101 — part 4 459 for, 195 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 101 — part 3 463 for, 194 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 3 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Pierre JOUVET S&DFrance98 % of 4 732 shared93 %
Murielle LAURENT S&DFrance98 % of 4 958 shared93 %
Emma RAFOWICZ S&DFrance97 % of 3 910 shared93 %
Raphaël GLUCKSMANN S&DFrance97 % of 4 795 shared93 %
Eric SARGIACOMO S&DFrance97 % of 5 086 shared93 %
Thomas PELLERIN-CARLIN S&DFrance97 % of 5 236 shared93 %
Aurore LALUCQ S&DFrance97 % of 4 301 shared93 %
Christophe CLERGEAU S&DFrance97 % of 4 551 shared93 %
Claire FITA S&DFrance97 % of 4 326 shared93 %
Nora MEBAREK S&DFrance97 % of 4 847 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium87 % of 3 928 shared86 %
Veronika CIFROVÁ OSTRIHOŇOVÁ RenewSlovakia87 % of 4 189 shared86 %
Catarina VIEIRA GreensNetherlands87 % of 5 055 shared83 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia87 % of 4 576 shared86 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance86 % of 4 926 shared86 %
Kim VAN SPARRENTAK GreensNetherlands86 % of 4 970 shared83 %
Vladimir PREBILIČ GreensSlovenia86 % of 4 665 shared83 %
Christophe GRUDLER RenewFrance86 % of 4 911 shared86 %
Terry REINTKE GreensGermany86 % of 4 936 shared83 %
Bernard GUETTA RenewFrance86 % of 4 745 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Transport and TourismTRAN CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Türkiye Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-TR Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute6 Nov 2024now
Delegation for relations with MercosurDMER DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Cancer and Rare DiseasesIG10-05 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Seas, Rivers, Islands and Coastal Areas (SEARICA)IG10-20 Intergroup / working groupMember4 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Sky and SpaceIG10-21 Intergroup / working groupVice-chair27 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on the Social Economy and Services of General InterestIG10-23 Intergroup / working groupMember30 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Trade UnionsIG10-24 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Wine, Quality Foodstuffs and SpiritsIG10-28 Intergroup / working groupMember23 Jan 2025now

Show all 10 seats

Dossiers

Show all 15 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

16 contributions recorded; 1 on behalf of their group; 22 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Hybrid attacks against the EU Member States (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 2026Urgent measures to strengthen the competitiveness and safeguard quality jobs in the EU’s automotive sector (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 2026Urgent measures to strengthen the competitiveness and safeguard quality jobs in the EU’s automotive sector (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026The resilience of the European transport sector and the need to ensure the supply of essential goods amid ongoing geopolitical instability (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
19 May 2026EU cybersecurity and preparedness in view of advanced AI systems (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Dec 2025EU Defence Readiness (joint debate) Speech · 2 minRead
27 Nov 2025Development of an industry for sustainable aviation and maritime fuel in Europe (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Oct 2025Europe’s automotive future – reversing the ban on the sale of combustion cars in the EU (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Sept 2025Serious threats to aviation and maritime transport from Global Navigation Satellite System interference: urgent need to build resilience against spoofing and jamming (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Sept 2025Package travel and linked travel arrangements: make the protection of travellers more effective and simplify and clarify certain aspects (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 16 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 25

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
4 Aug 2026Temu’s obstruction of an investigation into foreign subsidies E-10-2026-003204Written question24 Sept 2026
15 Jul 2026Update by the Commission of its guidelines on tackling online disinformation during electoral processes E-10-2026-002950Written questionwith 31 co-authors11 Sept 2026
14 Jul 2026Preserving EU capacities to produce paper pulp and cellulose fibres – state of affairs at Fibre Excellence P-10-2026-002901Priority written questionwith 12 co-authors12 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
11 Jun 2026Small modular reactors E-10-2026-002408Written questionwith 25 co-authors20 Aug 2026
10 Jun 2026Potential conflict of interest in the appointment of the Special Envoy for Industrial AI P-10-2026-002401Priority written questionwith 37 co-authors13 Aug 2026
23 Apr 2026Risks hanging over the European steel industry and use of public funding by ArcelorMittal E-10-2026-001682Written questionwith 12 co-authors8 Jun 2026
20 Mar 2026Transfer of European citizens’ biometric data to the Trump administration O-10-2026-000015Oral questionwith 48 co-authorsNot yet answered
4 Mar 2026Privacy risks and GDPR compliance issues linked to Meta’s smart glasses and AI training practices P-10-2026-000903Priority written questionwith 34 co-authors1 Apr 2026
3 Mar 2026Protection of EU officials and civil society against risks of privacy violations and foreign sanctions in relation to the implementation of the Digital Services Act E-10-2026-000880Written questionwith 23 co-authors20 May 2026

Show all 25 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 54

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791040 IMCO2
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791044 IMCO1
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791041 IMCO3
16 Jul 2026Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act) IMCO-AM-791043 IMCO2
7 Jul 2026General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2027 - all sections IMCO-AM-790864 IMCO2
1 Jul 2026Amending Directive (EU) 2022/2555 as regards simplification measures and alignment with the [Proposal for the Cybersecurity Act 2] IMCO-AM-790135 IMCO24
1 Jul 2026Connecting Europe through high-speed rail TRAN-AM-790790 TRAN31
1 Jul 2026European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA), the European cybersecurity certification framework, and ICT supply chain security and repealing Regulation (EU) 2019/881 (The Cybersecurity Act 2) IMCO-AM-790134 IMCO175
1 Jul 2026European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA), the European cybersecurity certification framework, and ICT supply chain security and repealing Regulation (EU) 2019/881 (The Cybersecurity Act 2) IMCO-AM-790776 IMCO131
30 Jun 2026Amending Regulations (EC) No 561/2006, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2019/2144 and (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the simplification of technical requirements and testing procedures for motor vehicles and repealing Council Directive 70/157/EEC and Regulation No 540/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council CJ76-AM-789167 CJ763

Show all 54 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation France National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “François KALFON”. Member record. memberId 256908. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256908?page=5&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256908. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/256908?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-256908,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{François KALFON}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256908?page=5&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/256908?page=5&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 256908. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/256908. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}