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Member

Gilles BOYER

Renew · France

Group
Renew
Country
France
Roll-call participation
99.5 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
92.2 %ⓘ of 613 votes where the group had a line · Renew median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
Hor Horizons
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
17 of 567 votesⓘ
Committees
AFCO (substitute), CONT, ECON
Member id
197577
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

99.5 %

617 of 620 final votes while in office

Renew median: 91.5 % (+8.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

92.2 %

565 of 613 votes where their group had a line

Renew median: 93.6 % (−1.4 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

3.0 %

17 of 567 votes where their group had a clear line

4 opposite (for ↔ against), 13 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

3.2 %

20 of 617 votes cast

Participation 99.5 % — Renew median 91.5 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Gilles BOYER99.5 %
Renew median91.5 %
Lowest in the group64.4 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members76
With majority line 92.2 % — Renew median 93.6 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Gilles BOYER92.2 %
Renew median93.6 %
Lowest in the group79.8 %
Highest in the group97.6 %
Members76
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Renew; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Paragraph 19 — part 1 452 for, 123 against, 107 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 107, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 2 314 for, 322 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 107, adding text after paragraph 17 — part 1 439 for, 163 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 16 — part 2 278 for, 357 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 16 — part 1 425 for, 189 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 54, adding text after paragraph 15 215 for, 391 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Paragraph 15 — part 4 584 for, 51 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Paragraph 15 — part 3 422 for, 183 against, 57 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Paragraph 15 — part 2 448 for, 159 against, 65 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Paragraph 15 — part 1 475 for, 138 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 53 to paragraph 15 205 for, 395 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 14 — part 2 99 for, 538 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 14 — part 1 216 for, 399 against, 48 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 104 to paragraph 13 356 for, 229 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 11 83 for, 536 against, 48 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 10 251 for, 309 against, 116 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 7 206 for, 447 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Paragraph 7 — part 2 420 for, 222 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 4 to paragraph 7 239 for, 353 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 51, adding text after paragraph 6 64 for, 572 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 50, adding text after paragraph 5 118 for, 510 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 49, adding text after paragraph 5 286 for, 261 against, 129 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 48 to paragraph 5 102 for, 550 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 4 89 for, 561 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 46 to paragraph 4 — part 2 101 for, 550 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 46 to paragraph 4 — part 1 432 for, 207 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 83, adding text after paragraph 3 407 for, 212 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 44, adding text after paragraph 2 75 for, 547 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 43, adding text after paragraph 2 248 for, 381 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 2 173 for, 458 against, 48 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 41, adding text after paragraph 2 48 for, 555 against, 67 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 2 78 for, 582 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 1 75 for, 543 against, 60 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 1 199 for, 447 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 68 for, 497 against, 99 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 102 to paragraph 1 94 for, 533 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 38, adding text before paragraph 1 57 for, 582 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 37, adding text before paragraph 1 93 for, 557 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025White paper on the future of European defence Amendment 36, adding text before paragraph 1 87 for, 520 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 442 for, 98 against, 126 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 9, adding text after recital U 73 for, 541 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 8, adding text after recital U 100 for, 541 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 7, adding text after recital U 95 for, 535 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 6, adding text after recital U 69 for, 532 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 30, adding text after paragraph 25 99 for, 444 against, 128 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 29, adding text after paragraph 25 101 for, 495 against, 74 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 28 to paragraph 25 336 for, 274 against, 57 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Paragraph 24 — part 2 468 for, 113 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Amendment 27, adding text after paragraph 23 84 for, 535 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Continuing the unwavering EU support for Ukraine, after three years of Russia’s war of aggression Paragraph 23 — part 2 472 for, 104 against, 73 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 0 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Renew

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Nathalie LOISEAU RenewFrance99 % of 4 710 shared92 %
Valérie DEVAUX RenewFrance98 % of 5 396 shared92 %
Grégory ALLIONE RenewFrance98 % of 5 054 shared92 %
Stéphanie YON-COURTIN RenewFrance98 % of 4 887 shared92 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance97 % of 5 288 shared92 %
Valérie HAYER RenewFrance97 % of 5 625 shared92 %
Marie-Pierre VEDRENNE Former memberRenewFrance97 % of 2 364 shared92 %
Fabienne KELLER RenewFrance97 % of 5 775 shared92 %
Bernard GUETTA RenewFrance97 % of 5 215 shared92 %
Sandro GOZI RenewFrance97 % of 5 259 shared92 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Dan NICA S&DRomania90 % of 3 568 shared86 %
Carla TAVARES S&DPortugal89 % of 5 435 shared86 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain88 % of 5 431 shared86 %
Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ S&DLithuania88 % of 5 553 shared86 %
Sérgio GONÇALVES S&DPortugal88 % of 5 725 shared86 %
Isilda GOMES S&DPortugal88 % of 5 232 shared86 %
Tobias CREMER S&DGermany88 % of 5 426 shared86 %
Sven MIKSER S&DEstonia88 % of 5 785 shared86 %
Lina GÁLVEZ S&DSpain88 % of 4 911 shared86 %
Marta TEMIDO S&DPortugal88 % of 5 353 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Constitutional AffairsAFCO CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Budgetary ControlCONT CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Economic and Monetary AffairsECON CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Subcommittee on Tax MattersFISC SubcommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Intergroup on Sky and SpaceIG10-21 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Feb 2025now

Show all 5 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Discharge 2025: General budget of the EU - AgenciesShadow rapporteurCONT9 Sept 2026
Discharge 2025: General budget of the EU - Court of Justice of the European UnionShadow rapporteurCONT9 Sept 2026
Discharge 2025: General budget of the EU - European Public Prosecutors Office (the ‘EPPO’)Shadow rapporteurCONT9 Sept 2026
Protection of the Union’s financial interests in the post-2027 multiannual financial framework through the revision of the anti-fraud architectureShadow rapporteurCONT9 Sept 2026
Partial renewal of Members of the Court of Auditors - AT nomineeShadow rapporteurCONT14 Jul 2026
Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/444, (EU) 2021/690, (EU) 2021/785, (EU) 2021/847 and (EU) 2021/1077Opinion rapporteurECON21 Jan 2026
Laying down the multiannual financial framework for the years 2028 to 2034Shadow rapporteur for an opinionCONT20 Jan 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionCONT20 Jan 2026
Amending Regulation (EU) No 904/2010 as regards the access of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO) and the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) to value added tax information at Union levelOpinion rapporteurCONT20 Jan 2026
Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2024Shadow rapporteurCONT20 Jan 2026

Show all 41 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

15 contributions recorded; 6 on behalf of their group; 21 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
9 Jul 2026Provision of digital euro services by payment services providers incorporated in Member States whose currency is not the euro and amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1230 of the European Parliament and the Council (A10-0183/2026 - Fernando Navarrete Rojas) (vote) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
21 May 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2017/2402 on securitisation and a specific framework for simple, transparent and standardised securitisation (A10-0138/2026 - Ralf Seekatz) (vote) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026Discharge 2024 (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
25 Mar 2026Deposit protection and early intervention measures (joint debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
9 Feb 2026European Central Bank – annual report 2025 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Oct 2025Presentation of the Court of Auditors' annual report 2024 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Oct 2025The role of simple tax rules and tax fragmentation in European competitiveness (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Sept 2025Investments and reforms for European competitiveness and the creation of a Capital Markets Union (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
6 May 2025Discharge 2023 (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 15 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 7

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
6 May 2026Third-country multi-issuer stablecoin schemes P-10-2026-001874Priority written questionwith 4 co-authors19 Jun 2026
3 Mar 2026Protection of EU officials and civil society against risks of privacy violations and foreign sanctions in relation to the implementation of the Digital Services Act E-10-2026-000880Written questionwith 23 co-authors20 May 2026
14 Jan 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION seeking an opinion from the Court of Justice on the compatibility with the Treaties of the proposed Partnership Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and the Common Market of the South, the Argentine Republic, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Paraguay and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, of the other part, and the proposed Interim Agreement on Trade between the European Union, of the one part, and the Common Market of the South, the Argentine Republic, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Paraguay and the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, of the other part B-10-2026-0060Motion for a resolutionwith 143 co-authors—
12 Nov 2025Child-like sex dolls for sale: major e-commerce platforms failing to comply with EU law E-10-2025-004488Written questionwith 47 co-authors5 Jan 2026
17 Feb 2025EU-Mercosur trade agreement E-10-2025-000716Written questionwith 25 co-authors24 Apr 2025
1 Oct 2024Participation in the Erasmus+ programme and compliance with the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union E-10-2024-001911Written questionwith 7 co-authors16 Dec 2024

Show all 7 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 83

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791134 ECON19
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791137 ECON31
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791136 ECON13
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791135 ECON23
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791103 ECON24
27 Jul 2026on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2011/61/EU and 2014/65/EU as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791126 ECON12
27 Jul 2026on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2011/61/EU and 2014/65/EU as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791083 ECON15
20 Jul 2026Settlement finality and repealing Directive 98/26/EC and amending Directive 2002/47/EC on financial collateral arrangements ECON-AM-791082 ECON11
26 Jun 2026Combating VAT fraud – the effectiveness of cross-border cooperation when it comes to VAT fraud and its impact on the EU budget CONT-AM-790210 CONT8
10 Jun 2026The EU’s approach to corporate tax policy in a changing international environment ECON-AM-789934 ECON10

Show all 83 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

  • Group Renew Europe Renew · Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism

National delegation

  • Delegation France National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
27 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Gilles BOYER”. Member record. memberId 197577. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197577?page=104&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 27 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197577. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197577?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197577,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Gilles BOYER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197577?page=104&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197577?page=104&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-27},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197577. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197577. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}