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Member

Christophe GRUDLER

Renew · France

Group
Renew
Country
France
Roll-call participation
92.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
93.7 %ⓘ of 572 votes where the group had a line · Renew median 93.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
MoDem Mouvement Démocrate
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
13 of 529 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET (substitute), ITRE, SEDE (substitute)
Member id
197557
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.9 %

576 of 620 final votes while in office

Renew median: 91.5 % (+1.4 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

93.7 %

536 of 572 votes where their group had a line

Renew median: 93.6 % (+0.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.5 %

13 of 529 votes where their group had a clear line

5 opposite (for ↔ against), 7 abstained against the line, 1 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

2.4 %

14 of 576 votes cast

Participation 92.9 % — Renew median 91.5 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Christophe GRUDLER92.9 %
Renew median91.5 %
Lowest in the group64.4 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members76
With majority line 93.7 % — Renew median 93.6 %, 76 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 76 members of the Renew with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Christophe GRUDLER93.7 %
Renew median93.6 %
Lowest in the group79.8 %
Highest in the group97.6 %
Members76
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Renew; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Amendment 7 to paragraph 21 331 for, 98 against, 166 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Paragraph 12 — part 2 327 for, 214 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Separate vote on paragraph 11 435 for, 101 against, 66 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Paragraph 10 — part 2 411 for, 121 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The shrinking space for civil society in Cambodia, in particular the case of the labour rights organisation CENTRAL Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 492 for, 5 against, 102 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 1 100 for, 418 against, 84 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024Georgia's worsening democratic crisis following the recent parliamentary elections and alleged electoral fraud Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 1 110 for, 451 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
28 Nov 2024The increasing and systematic repression of women in Iran Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 562 for, 2 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024Hong Kong, notably the cases of Jimmy Lai and the 45 activists recently convicted under the national security law Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 473 for, 23 against, 98 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
28 Nov 2024The increasing and systematic repression of women in Iran Amendment 1 to paragraph 1 177 for, 406 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund to provide assistance to Germany and Italy relating to floods occurred in 2024 Final vote on the motion for a resolutionPassed 660 for, 11 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Draft amending budget No 5/2024: adjustment in payment appropriations, update of revenues and other technical updates Final vote on the motion for a resolutionPassed 525 for, 75 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 20242025 budgetary procedure: Joint text Joint text 418 for, 185 against, 67 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Measures to reduce incidental catches of common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and other small cetaceans in the Bay of Biscay Final vote on the motion for a resolutionObjection failed 123 for, 511 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Amending Regulation (EU) 2018/1806 as regards Vanuatu Final votePassed 627 for, 6 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Election of the Commission Election election of the commissionCommission elected 370 for, 282 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Final vote — text as a wholeRejected 154 for, 507 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Separate vote on paragraph 11 173 for, 455 against, 55 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Separate vote on paragraph 7 204 for, 470 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Separate vote on paragraph 3 200 for, 480 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
27 Nov 2024Presentation by the President-elect of the Commission of the College of Commissioners and its programme Final vote on the motion for a resolution 53 for, 608 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 94804 Final vote on the motion for a resolutionObjection passed 468 for, 166 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP202216 Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 478 for, 165 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Tie
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP202216 Amendment 1, adding text after recital K 270 for, 290 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP202216 Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 2 274 for, 232 against, 136 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP23211 Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 474 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Tie
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP23211 Amendment 1, adding text after recital K 270 for, 292 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP915635 Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 478 for, 166 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Tie
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP915635 Amendment 1, adding text after recital L 270 for, 291 against, 68 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP23211 Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 2 276 for, 232 against, 138 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize DP915635 Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 2 278 for, 229 against, 138 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 810 Final vote on the motion for a resolutionObjection passed 464 for, 163 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × MON 88017 × 59122 and eight of its sub-combinations Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 476 for, 169 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × MON 88017 × 59122 and eight of its sub-combinations Amendment 1, adding text after recital O 273 for, 290 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × MON 88017 × 59122 and eight of its sub-combinations Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 2 281 for, 233 against, 128 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified cotton COT102 Final vote on the motion for a resolutionObjection passed 496 for, 143 against, 18 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × NK603 Final vote — text as a wholeObjection passed 474 for, 171 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × NK603 Amendment 1, adding text after recital O 275 for, 288 against, 68 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
26 Nov 2024Genetically modified maize MON 89034 × 1507 × NK603 Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 2 281 for, 233 against, 124 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
25 Nov 2024Wednesday’s agenda Wednesday’s agenda 415 for, 5 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
25 Nov 2024Monday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group Monday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group 156 for, 277 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Amendment 5 to recital G 252 for, 318 against, 64 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Paragraph 16 — part 2 482 for, 108 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 15 131 for, 444 against, 57 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Paragraph 15 — part 2 477 for, 132 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Amendment 4 to paragraph 4 167 for, 384 against, 78 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 2 76 for, 524 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 2 116 for, 483 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024EU actions against the Russian shadow fleets and ensuring a full enforcement of sanctions against Russia Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 1 113 for, 458 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
14 Nov 2024UN Climate Change Conference 2024 in Baku, Azerbaijan (COP29) Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 429 for, 183 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 5 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Renew

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Marie-Pierre VEDRENNE Former memberRenewFrance98 % of 2 268 shared92 %
Bernard GUETTA RenewFrance98 % of 4 870 shared92 %
Valérie DEVAUX RenewFrance98 % of 5 053 shared92 %
Fabienne KELLER RenewFrance97 % of 5 378 shared92 %
Valérie HAYER RenewFrance97 % of 5 224 shared92 %
Sandro GOZI RenewFrance97 % of 4 865 shared92 %
Pascal CANFIN RenewFrance97 % of 4 906 shared92 %
Grégory ALLIONE RenewFrance97 % of 4 726 shared92 %
Stéphanie YON-COURTIN RenewFrance97 % of 4 527 shared92 %
Nathalie LOISEAU RenewFrance97 % of 4 423 shared92 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Dan NICA S&DRomania89 % of 3 299 shared86 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain89 % of 5 070 shared86 %
Carla TAVARES S&DPortugal89 % of 5 038 shared86 %
Isilda GOMES S&DPortugal88 % of 4 842 shared86 %
Laura BALLARÍN CEREZA S&DSpain88 % of 3 901 shared86 %
Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ S&DLithuania88 % of 5 172 shared86 %
Alicia HOMS GINEL S&DSpain88 % of 4 857 shared86 %
Jonás FERNÁNDEZ S&DSpain88 % of 5 048 shared86 %
Lina GÁLVEZ S&DSpain88 % of 4 773 shared86 %
Rosa SERRANO SIERRA S&DSpain88 % of 5 426 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeSubstitute23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for Northern cooperation and for relations with Switzerland and Norway and to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA) Joint Parliamentary CommitteeDEEA DelegationVice-chair9 Jul 2025now
Delegation for relations with the Mashreq countriesDMAS DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblySubstitute23 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Attracting Investment to Ensure a Competitive and Sustainable European UnionIG10-03 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Children’s RightsIG10-06 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on Fighting against PovertyIG10-12 Intergroup / working groupMember24 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Sustainable LivestockIG10-15 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now

Show all 17 seats

Dossiers

Show all 18 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

41 contributions recorded; 20 on behalf of their group; 57 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
8 Jul 2026Harnessing the potential of a competitive and sustainable EU Bioeconomy Strategy for EU strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 Jul 2026Presentation of the Action Plan on Cybersecurity and AI (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2026Electrification Action Plan (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
15 Jun 2026Time for European economic independence (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Reviewing the ETS system to support European competitiveness (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
25 Mar 2026Energy security, independence and supply in the geopolitical context - ensuring market stability and affordable energy for industry and citizens (debate) on behalf of RenewSpeech · 1 minRead
19 Jan 2026Order of business Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 20

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
2 Jul 2026EU financing instruments for the deployment of fusion energy infrastructure E-10-2026-002744Written questionwith 13 co-authors18 Sept 2026
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
11 Jun 2026Small modular reactors E-10-2026-002408Written questionwith 25 co-authors20 Aug 2026
9 Apr 2026Ecodesign requirements for high-voltage switchgear critical to electricity grid expansion P-10-2026-001442Priority written questionwith 5 co-authors5 May 2026
3 Mar 2026Protection of EU officials and civil society against risks of privacy violations and foreign sanctions in relation to the implementation of the Digital Services Act E-10-2026-000880Written questionwith 23 co-authors20 May 2026
19 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protection of EU consumers against the practices of certain e-commerce platforms: the case of child-like sex dolls, weapons and other illegal products and materials B-10-2025-0500Motion for a resolutionwith 71 co-authors—
12 Nov 2025Child-like sex dolls for sale: major e-commerce platforms failing to comply with EU law E-10-2025-004488Written questionwith 47 co-authors5 Jan 2026
2 Oct 2025New European firefighting hub in Cyprus E-10-2025-003858Written questionwith 9 co-authors5 Jan 2026
19 Sept 2025Suspension of the EU-Qatar agreement on air transport O-10-2025-000031Oral questionwith 35 co-authorsNot yet answered
17 Jul 2025Study on the potential costs and impact of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) on the pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. E-10-2025-002988Written questionwith 24 co-authors26 Sept 2025

Show all 20 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 105

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792052 ITRE78
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792193 ITRE48
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-790968 CJ721
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791873 CJ728
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-786820 CJ727
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791072 CJ7215
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791071 CJ7228
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791073 CJ726
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791883 CJ722
13 Jul 2026Establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Union’s biotechnology and biomanufacturing sectors particularly in the area of health and amending Regulations (EC) No 178/2002, (EC) No 1394/2007, (EU) No 536/2014, (EU) 2019/6, (EU) 2024/795 and (EU) 2024/1938 (European Biotech Act) CJ53-AM-790936 CJ534

Show all 105 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

  • Group Renew Europe Renew · Centre · liberalism, pro-Europeanism

National delegation

  • Delegation France National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
28 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Christophe GRUDLER”. Member record. memberId 197557. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197557?page=112&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 28 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197557. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197557?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197557,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Christophe GRUDLER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197557?page=112&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197557?page=112&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-28},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197557. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197557. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}