Skip to content

Member

Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI

ECR · Poland

Group
ECR
Country
Poland
Roll-call participation
92.1 %ⓘ of 2 891 roll calls in office · chamber median 91.2 % · 2025, roll calls
With majority line
91.5 %ⓘ of 2 657 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 91.5 %
More facts (5)
National party
PiS Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
67 of 2 329 votesⓘ
Committees
CONT, LIBE (substitute)
Member id
197501
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.1 %

2 664 of 2 891 roll calls while in office

ECR median: 92.1 % (±0.0 pts)

Chamber median: 91.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

91.5 %

2 430 of 2 657 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 91.5 % (−0.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.9 %

67 of 2 329 votes where their group had a clear line

34 opposite (for ↔ against), 29 abstained against the line, 4 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

8.0 %

213 of 2 664 votes cast

Participation 92.1 % — ECR median 92.1 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI92.1 %
ECR median92.1 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members79
With majority line 91.5 % — ECR median 91.5 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI91.5 %
ECR median91.5 %
Lowest in the group67.6 %
Highest in the group94.4 %
Members79
  • 2025, 2 891 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 404 for, 208 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 19 to recital B 176 for, 446 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 24 to paragraph 22 187 for, 430 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 19 192 for, 429 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 22 to paragraph 19 190 for, 438 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Paragraph 17 — part 3 282 for, 335 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Paragraph 17 — part 2 287 for, 278 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Paragraph 17 — part 1 434 for, 173 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 21 to paragraph 9 196 for, 410 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 8 267 for, 278 against, 88 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 6 299 for, 293 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 20 to paragraph 5 165 for, 461 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2026 Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 3 313 for, 270 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 392 for, 219 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 4, adding text after recital 3 71 for, 476 against, 84 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Paragraph 32 — part 3 383 for, 220 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 13, adding text after paragraph 30 70 for, 506 against, 56 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 28 183 for, 404 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Paragraph 28 — part 2 593 for, 23 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 16 to paragraph 28 189 for, 415 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 24 184 for, 441 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Paragraph 24 — part 2 444 for, 176 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 22 79 for, 519 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 22 97 for, 367 against, 161 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 16 71 for, 388 against, 171 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 15 62 for, 535 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 14 58 for, 544 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 14 67 for, 501 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026European Semester for economic policy coordination 2026 Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 11 107 for, 458 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 458 for, 72 against, 98 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Separate vote on paragraph 53 379 for, 180 against, 68 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Separate vote on paragraph 30 340 for, 155 against, 124 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Separate vote on paragraph 29 418 for, 140 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Paragraph 10 — part 2 377 for, 163 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Gender pay and pension gap in the EU: state of play, challenges and the way forward, and developing guidelines for the better evaluation and fairer remuneration of work in female-dominated sectors Paragraph 10 — part 1 449 for, 139 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2025/004 BE/Tupperware – Belgium Final vote on the motion for a resolutionPassed 562 for, 53 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026EU-Ecuador Agreement: cooperation between Europol and the Ecuadorian authorities competent for combating serious crime and terrorism Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 586 for, 21 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 455 for, 101 against, 74 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Final votePassed 458 for, 103 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 12, adding text after recital 5 201 for, 413 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 18, adding text after recital 4 270 for, 325 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 10, adding text after recital 3 195 for, 424 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 3 to Article 1 488 for, 92 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 2, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 — part 2 334 for, 251 against, 25 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 2, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 — part 1 469 for, 77 against, 70 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 5, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 235 for, 203 against, 174 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Amendment 1, adding text before Article 1; Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 540 for, 21 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2026Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application Proposal to reject the text 172 for, 435 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2026Framework Agreement on relations between the European Parliament and the European Commission Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 446 for, 100 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
10 Mar 2026The upcoming European Research Area (ERA) Act Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 399 for, 78 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 12 of 51 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland98 % of 5 484 shared81 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland98 % of 5 014 shared81 %
Marlena MALĄG ECRPoland97 % of 5 426 shared81 %
Bogdan RZOŃCA ECRPoland97 % of 5 504 shared81 %
Piotr MÜLLER ECRPoland97 % of 4 727 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 5 487 shared81 %
Dominik TARCZYŃSKI ECRPoland97 % of 3 621 shared81 %
Daniel OBAJTEK ECRPoland97 % of 4 554 shared81 %
Beata SZYDŁO ECRPoland97 % of 5 457 shared81 %
Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA ECRPoland97 % of 5 363 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal74 % of 5 294 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 904 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain73 % of 5 263 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain73 % of 5 167 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain73 % of 5 499 shared68 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania73 % of 4 572 shared48 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland73 % of 5 038 shared67 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 193 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 105 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia72 % of 4 548 shared62 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Budgetary ControlCONT CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Türkiye Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-TR Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the countries of Central America, including the EU-Central America Association Parliamentary CommitteeDCAM DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary AssemblyDLAT Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Committee on BudgetsBUDG CommitteeMember19 Jul 20246 Oct 2024

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionCONT28 Jan 2026
Discharge 2024: General budget of the EU - Joint UndertakingsShadow rapporteurCONT17 Nov 2025
2023 discharge: General budget of the EU - European Council and CouncilRapporteurCONT24 Sept 2025
Combating VAT fraud – the effectiveness of cross-border cooperation when it comes to VAT fraud and its impact on the EU budgetShadow rapporteurCONT3 Jul 2025
2024/0804(NLE) Partial renewal of Members of the Court of Auditors – BG nomineeShadow rapporteurCONT14 Nov 2024
2024/2030(DEC) 2023 Discharge - Decentralised AgenciesShadow rapporteurCONT10 Oct 2024
2024/2031 (DEC) 2023 Discharge: General budget of the EU - Joint UndertakingsShadow rapporteurCONT10 Oct 2024
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurCONT1 Oct 2024
\"\"2023 Discharge – European Council and Council – 2024/2021(DEC)\"\"RapporteurCONT12 Sept 2024
2023 discharge: General budget of the EU - European External Action Service - 2024/2024(DEC)RapporteurCONT12 Sept 2024

Show all 14 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

56 contributions recorded, 26 written statements; 6 on behalf of their group; 53 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders (debate) StatementRead
8 Jul 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers (debate) StatementRead
16 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) (debate) StatementRead
30 Apr 2026How to secure a sustainable future for the EU livestock sector in light of the need to ensure food security, farmers’ resilience and the challenges posed by animal diseases? (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026Situation in Lebanon: implementation of the ceasefire, support peace efforts and humanitarian access (debate) StatementRead
25 Mar 2026Combating corruption (debate) StatementRead
24 Feb 2026Four years of Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine and European contributions to a just peace and sustained security for Ukraine (debate) StatementRead
11 Feb 2026Topical debate requested by a political group (S&D) (Rule 169) - State violence in Minneapolis and the rule of law in the United States (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Feb 2026Rule of law, fundamental rights and misuse of EU funds in Slovakia: the need for an EU response (debate) StatementRead
21 Jan 2026Attempted takeover of Lithuania’s public broadcaster and the threat to democracy in Lithuania (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 98

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya B-10-2026-0420Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong-Kong, amid the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung B-10-2026-0407Motion for a resolutionwith 23 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders B-10-2026-0411Motion for a resolutionwith 10 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre B-10-2026-0356Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Threat of War Crimes, the Escalating Violations of International Humanitarian Law and the Human Rights Situation in El-Obeid, Sudan B-10-2026-0363Motion for a resolutionwith 15 co-authors—
6 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the abduction, forced conversion and child marriage of Maria Shahbaz and the protection of girls in Pakistan B-10-2026-0351Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
17 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Continued crackdown on civic space and fundamental freedoms in Burkina Faso B-10-2026-0329Motion for a resolutionwith 18 co-authors—
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0327Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Nicaragua - the cases of Carlos Brenes, Salvadora del Socorro Martínez Aburto and Brooklyn Rivera B-10-2026-0317Motion for a resolutionwith 20 co-authors—

Show all 98 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 26

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 26 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political groups this term

National delegation

  • Delegation Poland National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 7669c786bb14 (1 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
1 October 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI”. Member record. memberId 197501. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197501?page=37&period=2025&vscope=all (retrieved 1 October 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197501. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197501?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 7669c786bb14 (1 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197501,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Joachim Stanisław BRUDZIŃSKI}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197501?page=37&period=2025&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197501?page=37&period=2025&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-10-01},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197501. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197501. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 7669c786bb14 (1 Oct 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}