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Member

Elio DI RUPO

S&D · Belgium

Group
S&D
Country
Belgium
Roll-call participation
89.8 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
94.4 %ⓘ of 557 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 97.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
PS Parti Socialiste
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
29 of 550 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, LIBE (substitute), SEDE
Member id
1294
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

89.8 %

557 of 620 final votes while in office

S&D median: 89.5 % (+0.3 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

94.4 %

526 of 557 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 97.1 % (−2.7 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

5.3 %

29 of 550 votes where their group had a clear line

16 opposite (for ↔ against), 13 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

2.7 %

15 of 557 votes cast

Participation 89.8 % — S&D median 89.5 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Elio DI RUPO89.8 %
S&D median89.5 %
Lowest in the group48.1 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
With majority line 94.4 % — S&D median 97.1 %, 137 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 137 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Elio DI RUPO94.4 %
S&D median97.1 %
Lowest in the group86.7 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members137
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 5 469 for, 60 against, 153 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination: employment and social priorities for 2025 Separate vote on paragraph 3 325 for, 294 against, 56 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 469 for, 162 against, 54 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 2, adding text after recital P 129 for, 499 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 13, adding text after recital K 139 for, 471 against, 53 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 1, adding text after recital F 175 for, 484 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 41 175 for, 463 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 35 172 for, 473 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 35 122 for, 504 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Paragraph 35 — part 2 501 for, 164 against, 14 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Paragraph 32 — part 2 529 for, 132 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 31 103 for, 531 against, 44 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Paragraph 29 — part 2 487 for, 137 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 23 74 for, 521 against, 82 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 23 115 for, 543 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 21 138 for, 378 against, 159 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 21 109 for, 556 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Paragraph 10 — part 2 535 for, 72 against, 71 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Paragraph 10 — part 1 525 for, 129 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 9 122 for, 506 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 5 112 for, 531 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 4 139 for, 392 against, 139 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 3 to paragraph 4 115 for, 508 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Paragraph 3 — part 2 465 for, 187 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025European Semester for economic policy coordination 2025 Amendment 15 to paragraph 3 — part 2 188 for, 460 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
12 Mar 2025Agreement between Canada and the European Union on the transfer and processing of Passenger Name Record (PNR) data Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 521 for, 90 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025EU-Norway Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff-rate quotas included in EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 525 for, 5 against, 34 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
12 Mar 2025Parliament’s calendar of part-sessions – 2026 11-12 November 294 for, 77 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 472 for, 75 against, 92 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 57 210 for, 449 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 57 206 for, 456 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 51 191 for, 450 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2025Assessment of the implementation of Horizon Europe in view of its interim evaluation and recommendations for the 10th Research Framework Programme Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 4 190 for, 469 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2025European Social Fund Plus post-2027 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 432 for, 155 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025European Social Fund Plus post-2027 Amendment 1 176 for, 468 against, 27 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
11 Mar 2025Verification of credentials Final voteAdopted 643 for, 10 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
11 Mar 2025Establishing the Reform and Growth Facility for the Republic of Moldova Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 499 for, 117 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
10 Mar 2025Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the ESN Group Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the ESN Group 109 for, 317 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
10 Mar 2025Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the ECR Group Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the ECR Group 110 for, 309 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 443 for, 4 against, 48 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 20 62 for, 408 against, 60 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Amendment 2 to paragraph 17 114 for, 401 against, 15 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Paragraph 15 — part 2 489 for, 4 against, 31 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Paragraph 15 — part 1 426 for, 78 against, 24 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Amendment 1 to paragraph 15 102 for, 406 against, 23 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
13 Feb 2025Further deterioration of the political situation in Georgia Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 400 for, 63 against, 81 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Separate vote on paragraph 11 475 for, 14 against, 43 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Amendment 4 to paragraph 11 142 for, 281 against, 108 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
13 Feb 2025Escalation of violence in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Separate vote on paragraph 10 464 for, 13 against, 55 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
13 Feb 2025Further deterioration of the political situation in Georgia Amendment 3 to paragraph 27 282 for, 207 against, 60 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 10 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Estelle CEULEMANS S&DBelgium91 % of 5 000 shared93 %
Antonio DECARO Former memberS&DItaly90 % of 2 056 shared93 %
Iratxe GARCÍA PÉREZ S&DSpain90 % of 5 009 shared93 %
Francisco ASSIS S&DPortugal90 % of 4 427 shared93 %
Kathleen VAN BREMPT S&DBelgium90 % of 5 061 shared93 %
Marc ANGEL S&DLuxembourg90 % of 5 189 shared93 %
Günther SIDL S&DAustria90 % of 4 897 shared93 %
Irene TINAGLI S&DItaly90 % of 5 169 shared93 %
Udo BULLMANN S&DGermany90 % of 4 473 shared93 %
Carla TAVARES S&DPortugal90 % of 4 882 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Mélissa CAMARA GreensFrance86 % of 4 533 shared83 %
Vladimir PREBILIČ GreensSlovenia86 % of 4 585 shared83 %
Yvan VEROUGSTRAETE RenewBelgium85 % of 4 009 shared86 %
Elisabetta GUALMINI changed group RenewItaly85 % of 1 583 shared86 %
Irena JOVEVA RenewSlovenia84 % of 5 131 shared86 %
Kim VAN SPARRENTAK GreensNetherlands84 % of 5 099 shared83 %
Catarina VIEIRA GreensNetherlands84 % of 4 887 shared83 %
Terry REINTKE GreensGermany84 % of 4 955 shared83 %
Bas EICKHOUT Former memberGreensNetherlands84 % of 4 353 shared83 %
Pär HOLMGREN GreensSweden84 % of 5 142 shared83 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember23 Jan 2025now
Delegation for relations with the Federative Republic of BrazilD-BR DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the Maghreb countries and the Arab Maghreb Union, including the EU-Morocco, EU-Tunisia and EU-Algeria Joint Parliamentary CommitteesDMAG DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Anti-CorruptionIG10-01 Intergroup / working groupMember16 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Cohesion Policy and Outermost RegionsIG10-08 Intergroup / working groupMember25 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on LGBTIQ+IG10-16 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now

Show all 16 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Situation of international law and the risks to multilateralism, democracy and the European UnionRapporteurAFET19 May 2026
Mission to Brazil 6-8 May 2026Official delegationD-BR7 Apr 2026
Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the UnionShadow rapporteurSEDE23 Feb 2026
Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153Shadow rapporteur for an opinionSEDE23 Feb 2026
Military mobilityShadow rapporteurSEDE10 Sept 2025
Amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1057 establishing the European Social Fund + (ESF+) as regards specific measures to address strategic challengesShadow rapporteur for an opinionSEDE21 May 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET17 Mar 2025
Inter-Parliamentary Conference for the Common Foreign and Security Policy and the Common Security and Defence Policy (CFSP/CSDP) in Warsaw from 23 to 25 March 2025Official delegation12 Feb 2025
AFET draft report on the 2023-2024 Commission Reports on Kosovo, 2025/2019(INI).Shadow rapporteurAFET28 Jan 2025
AFET opinion on providing MFA to EgypteShadow rapporteurAFET21 Nov 2024

Show all 10 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

20 contributions recorded; 1 on behalf of their group; 26 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
11 Mar 2026EUCO and situation in the Middle East (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
11 Feb 2026Topical debate requested by a political group (S&D) (Rule 169) - State violence in Minneapolis and the rule of law in the United States (topical debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Violence in the Great Lakes Region, particularly in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2025Preparation of the European Council meeting of 18-19 December 2025, in particular the need to support Ukraine, transatlantic relations and the EU’s strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2025Preparation of the European Council meeting of 18-19 December 2025, in particular the need to support Ukraine, transatlantic relations and the EU’s strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
17 Dec 2025Preparation of the European Council meeting of 18-19 December 2025, in particular the need to support Ukraine, transatlantic relations and the EU’s strategic autonomy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Dec 2025EU Defence Readiness (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Oct 2025Allegations of espionage by the Hungarian government within the EU institutions (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
9 Oct 2025Request for waiver of immunity Speech · 1 minRead
7 Oct 2025This is Europe - Debate with the Prime Minister of Luxembourg, Luc Frieden (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 20 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 51

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026Circular Economy Act: regulatory barriers to secondary raw materials E-10-2026-003654Written questionwith 29 co-authorsNot yet answered
9 Sept 2026European defence readiness by 2030 E-10-2026-003595Written questionwith 1 co-authorNot yet answered
8 Sept 2026Chatbots directing women with unwanted pregnancies to anti-abortion websites E-10-2026-003539Written questionwith 67 co-authorsNot yet answered
1 Jul 2026PROPOSAL FOR A DECISION requesting the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations to verify whether Europe of Sovereign Nations Party complies with the conditions laid down in Article 3(1), points (d) and (e), of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2025/2445 B-10-2026-0338Motion for a resolutionwith 246 co-authors—
30 Jun 2026Follow-up to question for written answer E-001083/2025 on menstrual products: transparency and health risks E-10-2026-002698Written questionwith 43 co-authors18 Sept 2026
17 Jun 2026Request that the Commission publish evidence pertaining to the non-activation of the Blocking Statute E-10-2026-002520Written questionwith 31 co-authorsNot yet answered
11 Jun 2026Small modular reactors E-10-2026-002408Written questionwith 25 co-authors20 Aug 2026
8 Jun 2026Access to Temporary Protection Directive provisions in Belgium for babies born after 24 February 2022 E-10-2026-002349Written questionwith 6 co-authors31 Aug 2026
6 May 2026European capacity for AI-driven large-scale vulnerability research and cybersecurity resilience E-10-2026-001844Written questionwith 3 co-authors12 Aug 2026
6 May 2026European regulatory gap regarding offensive AI capabilities E-10-2026-001843Written questionwith 3 co-authors7 Jul 2026

Show all 51 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 28

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
15 Jun 2026A new co-ownership for the future of Euro-Mediterranean relations – the Pact for the Mediterranean AFET-AM-789979 AFET26
11 Jun 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure SEDE-AM-789927 SEDE114
13 Apr 20262025 Commission report on Kosovo AFET-AM-785346 AFET18
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786977 CJ5754
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786975 CJ5735
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786976 CJ5737
10 Apr 2026Framework of measures to facilitate the transport of military equipment, goods and personnel across the Union CJ57-AM-786978 CJ5721
6 Mar 2026Establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 SEDE-AM-785215 SEDE34
26 Feb 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities SEDE-AM-785200 SEDE88
2 Feb 2026Interim report on the proposal for the multiannual financial framework for 2028-2034 SEDE-AM-784153 SEDE13

Show all 28 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Belgium National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Elio DI RUPO”. Member record. memberId 1294. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/1294?page=106&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/1294. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/1294?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-1294,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Elio DI RUPO}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/1294?page=106&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/1294?page=106&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 1294. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/1294. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}