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Member

Petra STEGER

Patriots · Austria

Group
Patriots PfE
Country
Austria
Roll-call participation
94.8 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
70.9 %ⓘ of 587 votes where the group had a line · Patriots median 80.0 %
More facts (5)
National party
FPÖ Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
111 of 463 votesⓘ
Committees
ITRE (substitute), LIBE, SEDE
Member id
220897
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

94.8 %

588 of 620 final votes while in office

Patriots median: 90.8 % (+4.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

70.9 %

416 of 587 votes where their group had a line

Patriots median: 80.0 % (−9.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

24.0 %

111 of 463 votes where their group had a clear line

45 opposite (for ↔ against), 48 abstained against the line, 18 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

16.7 %

98 of 588 votes cast

Participation 94.8 % — Patriots median 90.8 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Petra STEGER94.8 %
Patriots median90.8 %
Lowest in the group44.2 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members89
With majority line 70.9 % — Patriots median 80.0 %, 89 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 89 members of the Patriots with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Petra STEGER70.9 %
Patriots median80.0 %
Lowest in the group59.5 %
Highest in the group94.8 %
Members89
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of Patriots; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 35 135 for, 502 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 35 213 for, 433 against, 13 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 26 256 for, 373 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 4 to paragraph 22 342 for, 260 against, 61 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 3 to paragraph 15 555 for, 56 against, 50 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 2 to paragraph 12 327 for, 291 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 1 to paragraph 6 236 for, 377 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 5 173 for, 448 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 8 to paragraph 1 123 for, 512 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 20262025 Commission report on Türkiye Amendment 33 to paragraph 1 179 for, 445 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO) and European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF): access to VAT information at Union level Final votePassed 549 for, 33 against, 84 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
17 Jun 2026Hague Convention (1980) on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction: accession of Cabo Verde Final votePassed 659 for, 1 against, 1 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026General arrangements for excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products Final votePassed 325 for, 304 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026General arrangements for excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products Amendment 4 to Article 1, paragraph 1, after point 1; Directive (EU) 2020/262 287 for, 352 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Final voteFailed 181 for, 439 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 93 to recital 18 300 for, 331 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 92 to recital 15 281 for, 315 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 91, adding text after Recital 4 297 for, 267 against, 87 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 90, adding text after Recital 3 284 for, 293 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 89 to recital 3 287 for, 304 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendments 67 + 70 (voted as one) to Article 20 289 for, 316 against, 51 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendments 60 + 61 (voted as one) to Article 16 328 for, 294 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 96 to Article 12, after paragraph 4 266 for, 363 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 95 to Article 12, paragraph 4 273 for, 352 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Structure and rates of excise duty applied to tobacco and tobacco related products (recast) Amendment 94 to Article 12, after paragraph 3 269 for, 353 against, 37 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination (Resolution) Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 542 for, 52 against, 70 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU–Liberia Voluntary Partnership Agreement on forest law enforcement, governance and trade in timber products: termination Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 608 for, 38 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: For
17 Jun 2026EU-Pakistan Agreement: modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 276 for, 13 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 418 for, 218 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Proposal to vote on amendments 258 for, 394 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Common system for the return of third-country nationals staying illegally in the Union (Return Regulation) Proposal to reject the text 198 for, 453 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 30, adding text after Recital 68 261 for, 365 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 1 to recital 34 270 for, 349 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 20 + 28 (voted as one), adding text after Recital 25 258 for, 370 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 19, adding text after Recital 18 185 for, 450 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 27, adding text after Recital 15 212 for, 424 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 18 + 26 (voted as one), adding text after Recital 1 209 for, 433 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 37 to Annex II, after point 2 205 for, 425 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 15 + 16 + 24 + 36 (voted as one), adding text after Article 37 280 for, 343 against, 40 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 9 to Article 27, paragraph 1, point c 257 for, 353 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 23 + 35 (voted as one), adding text after Article 24 262 for, 369 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 34, adding text after Article 11 264 for, 372 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 22 + 33 (voted as one) to Article 10, after paragraph 1 258 for, 376 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 32 to Article 10, paragraph 1 264 for, 372 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 8 to Article 9, paragraph 1, subparagraph 2, after point d 269 for, 355 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 7 to Article 7, paragraph 2, after point d 257 for, 354 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendment 6 to Article 6, paragraph 3, after point d 269 for, 357 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 21 + 31 (voted as one), adding text after Article 4 202 for, 428 against, 33 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
17 Jun 2026Plants obtained by certain new genomic techniques and their food and feed Amendments 17 + 25 (voted as one) 201 for, 431 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Jun 2026Reinforcing development cooperation to address irregular population movements and their root causes in partner countries Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 344 for, 237 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 4 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within Patriots

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Roman HAIDER PatriotsAustria99 % of 5 724 shared74 %
Gerald HAUSER PatriotsAustria99 % of 5 473 shared74 %
Georg MAYER PatriotsAustria99 % of 4 843 shared74 %
Elisabeth DIERINGER PatriotsAustria99 % of 5 707 shared74 %
Harald VILIMSKY PatriotsAustria98 % of 5 532 shared74 %
Ewa ZAJĄCZKOWSKA-HERNIK changed group PatriotsPoland78 % of 1 354 shared74 %
Tom VANDENDRIESSCHE PatriotsBelgium76 % of 5 675 shared74 %
Barbara BONTE PatriotsBelgium76 % of 5 636 shared74 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland76 % of 5 059 shared74 %
Gerolf ANNEMANS PatriotsBelgium75 % of 4 938 shared74 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
René AUST ESNGermany77 % of 5 256 shared70 %
Marc JONGEN ESNGermany77 % of 5 128 shared70 %
Siegbert Frank DROESE ESNGermany77 % of 5 246 shared70 %
Anja ARNDT ESNGermany77 % of 4 983 shared70 %
Roberto VANNACCI changed group ESNItaly77 % of 2 235 shared68 %
Christine ANDERSON ESNGermany77 % of 5 398 shared70 %
Alexander SELL ESNGermany77 % of 5 277 shared70 %
Markus BUCHHEIT ESNGermany77 % of 5 277 shared70 %
Irmhild BOSSDORF ESNGermany77 % of 5 543 shared70 %
Hans NEUHOFF ESNGermany76 % of 4 357 shared70 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home AffairsLIBE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember30 Apr 2026now
Delegation to the EU-Türkiye Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-TR Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblyMember19 Sept 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeSubstitute23 Jan 202529 Apr 2026

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Implementation of the common security and defence policy – annual report 2026Shadow rapporteurSEDE23 Jun 2026
Establishing the Union support for internal security for the period from 2028 to 2034Shadow rapporteurLIBE9 Dec 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurLIBE10 Nov 2025
Amending Regulations (EC) No 1907/2006, (EC) No 1272/2008, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2019/1021 and (EU) 2021/697 as regards defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for defence industryShadow rapporteurSEDE21 Oct 2025

Show all 4 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

49 contributions recorded, 5 written statements; 2 on behalf of their group; 59 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Hybrid attacks against the EU Member States (joint debate) Speech · 2 minRead
15 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) - Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) - Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) StatementRead
14 Sept 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
6 Jul 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
19 May 2026EU cybersecurity and preparedness in view of advanced AI systems (debate) StatementRead
18 May 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
28 Apr 2026Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
28 Apr 2026Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025 (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
25 Mar 2026One-minute speeches on matters of political importance Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 100

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
15 Sept 2026Migrant invasion in Ceuta: much-needed vigilance E-10-2026-003663Written questionwith 7 co-authorsNot yet answered
27 Aug 2026The EU’s deadly anti-racism ideology: the death of Henry Nowak E-10-2026-003350Written questionwith 22 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
16 Jul 2026Constitutional coup by Péter Magyar’s government E-10-2026-003035Written questionwith 42 co-authors11 Sept 2026
24 Apr 2026Transparency of EU funding for the German-Austrian Digital Media Observatory (GADMO) E-10-2026-001697Written questionwith 5 co-authors4 Aug 2026
23 Mar 2026ProtectEU: stronger security for Europeans or the policing of ideas and democratic dissent? E-10-2026-001208Written questionwith 11 co-authors19 May 2026
19 Mar 2026Use of the ‘borderline content’ handbook promoted at the EU Internet Forum for moderating lawful political speech E-10-2026-001160Written questionwith 31 co-authors19 May 2026
16 Mar 2026Threats to energy security posed by Ukraine’s attacks on the TurkStream gas pipeline E-10-2026-001068Written question12 May 2026
7 Mar 2026Follow-up question to E-001868/2025 – DSA recruitment drive setting the stage for a powerful Brussels censorship machine E-10-2026-000947Written questionwith 1 co-author17 Apr 2026
5 Mar 2026Anti-fascist movements and political violence – the real threat to democracy E-10-2026-000925Written questionwith 62 co-authors29 Apr 2026

Show all 100 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 19

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
24 Jun 2026Establishing the Union support for internal security for the period from 2028 to 2034 LIBE-AM-790119 LIBE20
18 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2019/631 as regards CO2 emission performance standards for new light duty vehicles and vehicle labelling and repealing Directive 1999/94/EC ITRE-AM-790043 ITRE23
17 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2019/631 as regards CO2 emission performance standards for new light duty vehicles and vehicle labelling and repealing Directive 1999/94/EC ITRE-AM-789960 ITRE37
15 Dec 2025The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report – annual report 2025 LIBE-AM-781446 LIBE60
10 Dec 2025Amending Directives 2014/65/EU and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the extension of certain mitigating measures available for small and medium sized enterprises to small mid-cap enterprises and further simplifying measures CJ12-AM-781388 CJ128
17 Nov 2025Public access to documents – report covering the years 2022 - 2024 LIBE-AM-779637 LIBE12
12 Nov 2025Situation of fundamental rights in the European Union in 2024 and 2025 LIBE-AM-779631 LIBE6
6 Nov 2025Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1348 as regards the application of the ‘safe third country’ concept LIBE-AM-779510 LIBE11
29 Oct 2025Amending Regulations (EC) No 1907/2006, (EC) No 1272/2008, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2019/1021 and (EU) 2021/697 as regards defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for defence industry CJ61-AM-779431 CJ611
29 Oct 2025Amending Regulations (EC) No 1907/2006, (EC) No 1272/2008, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2019/1021 and (EU) 2021/697 as regards defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for defence industry CJ61-AM-778402 CJ613

Show all 19 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Austria National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Petra STEGER”. Member record. memberId 220897. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220897?page=17&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220897. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/220897?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-220897,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Petra STEGER}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220897?page=17&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220897?page=17&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 220897. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220897. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}