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Member

Rihards KOLS

ECR · Latvia

Group
ECR
Country
Latvia
Roll-call participation
92.6 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
87.0 %ⓘ of 570 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
TB/LNNK Nacionālā apvienība "Visu Latvijai!" - "Tēvzemei un Brīvībai/LNNK"
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
33 of 472 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, INTA, ITRE (substitute)
Member id
220871
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

92.6 %

574 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (+0.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

87.0 %

496 of 570 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (−0.7 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

7.0 %

33 of 472 votes where their group had a clear line

5 opposite (for ↔ against), 14 abstained against the line, 14 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

12.2 %

70 of 574 votes cast

Participation 92.6 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Rihards KOLS92.6 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 87.0 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Rihards KOLS87.0 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 620

Export

Every final roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecisionResultPositionMajority line
17 Sept 2026Deteriorating situation of media freedom and freedom of expression in Hong Kong following the recent arrest of bookseller Leticia Wong and the convictions of Lee Cheuk-yan and Chow Hang-tung Adopted 459 for, 12 against, 86 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Political prisoners in Cuba, in particular the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro Adopted 374 for, 198 against, 19 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026An EU health workforce crisis plan: sustainability of healthcare systems and employment and working conditions in the healthcare sector Adopted 514 for, 61 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Post-electoral repression in Zambia and the killing of Mutotwe Kafwaya Adopted 562 for, 1 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Impact of social media and the online environment on young people Adopted 395 for, 136 against, 80 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
17 Sept 2026The role of social, economic and environmental standards in safeguarding fair competition for all aquatic food products and improving food security Adopted 467 for, 92 against, 44 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Evaluation of the Common Fisheries Policy and follow-up Adopted 368 for, 172 against, 69 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Narco-trafficking in Europe’s waters: protecting our borders and supporting our law enforcement officers Adopted 601 for, 4 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect EU’s external borders Adopted 339 for, 225 against, 16 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
17 Sept 2026Strengthening global health resilience in partner countries Adopted 319 for, 142 against, 19 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) Passed 549 for, 92 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) Passed 540 for, 105 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Passed 530 for, 125 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Passed 496 for, 53 against, 125 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation 2028-2034 Passed 600 for, 21 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Nuclear decommissioning assistance programme of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania for the period 2028-2034 Passed 625 for, 20 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Switzerland Agreement on the transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Consent given 549 for, 75 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-UK Agreement regarding cooperation on the application of their respective competition laws Consent given 640 for, 5 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Iceland Agreement on the participation of Iceland in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 631 for, 7 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Norway Agreement on the participation of Norway in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Consent given 612 for, 8 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean GMB151 x DAS-44406-6 Objection passed 442 for, 184 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified soybean MON 94313 Objection passed 457 for, 184 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Genetically modified maize MON 87460 Objection passed 433 for, 159 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Adopted 470 for, 129 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026An EU cardiovascular diseases strategy Adopted 545 for, 47 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Adopted 390 for, 218 against, 29 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measures Passed 464 for, 50 against, 159 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Establishing the Temporary Decarbonisation Fund Passed 433 for, 97 against, 146 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS): ceasing the invalidation of allowances Passed 367 for, 240 against, 59 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Market stability reserve for the buildings, road transport and additional sectors Passed 467 for, 158 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Implementation into Union law of measures adopted by regional fisheries management organisations Passed 559 for, 48 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean (GFCM): fishing in the GFCM Agreement area Passed 580 for, 51 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Temporary trade-liberalisation measures applicable to Armenian products Passed 583 for, 49 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Draft amending budget No 2/2026: update of revenue (own resources) and adjustments to expenditure Passed 440 for, 127 against, 104 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Adopted 420 for, 220 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Implementation of the Council Recommendation on a Bridge to Jobs – Reinforcing the Youth Guarantee Adopted 530 for, 77 against, 61 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026The EU Youth Strategy 2019–2027 Adopted 477 for, 124 against, 66 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Global role of the euro Adopted 405 for, 146 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Abstained
9 Jul 2026Establishment of the digital euro Negotiating mandate approved 416 for, 169 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
9 Jul 2026The threat of war crimes, the escalating violations of international humanitarian law and the human rights situation in El-Obeid, Sudan Adopted 476 for, 28 against, 96 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Ongoing persecution of Christians in Nigeria, notably the Kawel village massacre Adopted 510 for, 1 against, 86 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness Adopted 366 for, 192 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Political, Economic and Cooperation Strategic Partnership Agreement Consent given 479 for, 119 against, 65 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Protection of the environment through criminal law Consent given 499 for, 99 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
8 Jul 2026EU–Mexico Interim Agreement on Trade Consent given 474 for, 131 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU–Morocco Euro-Mediterranean Aviation Agreement: accession to the EU of Croatia (Protocol) Consent given 625 for, 16 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026EU-Morocco Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation setting out the terms and conditions for the participation of Morocco in the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area (PRIMA): amendment and supplement Consent given 573 for, 35 against, 37 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Trajectory to decrease the contribution of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels to renewable energy targets Objection passed 388 for, 248 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Lead in certain fishing tackle Objection failed 197 for, 455 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Jul 2026Genetically modified maize NK603 × T25 Objection passed 460 for, 189 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 5 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Reinis POZŅAKS ECRLatvia97 % of 5 279 shared81 %
Roberts ZĪLE ECRLatvia96 % of 4 041 shared81 %
Ivaylo VALCHEV ECRBulgaria89 % of 5 381 shared81 %
Aurelijus VERYGA ECRLithuania86 % of 4 994 shared81 %
Nora JUNCO GARCÍA changed group ECRSpain86 % of 4 742 shared81 %
Diego SOLIER changed group ECRSpain86 % of 4 946 shared81 %
Mario MANTOVANI ECRItaly85 % of 3 851 shared81 %
Stephen Nikola BARTULICA ECRCroatia85 % of 4 685 shared81 %
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly85 % of 4 705 shared81 %
Marco SQUARTA ECRItaly85 % of 4 276 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Jaroslav KNOT PatriotsCzechia71 % of 2 832 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia71 % of 4 580 shared63 %
Klara DOSTALOVA PatriotsCzechia70 % of 4 447 shared68 %
Ondřej KNOTEK PatriotsCzechia69 % of 5 112 shared68 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal69 % of 5 242 shared68 %
Branko GRIMS changed group No groupSlovenia69 % of 5 016 shared50 %
Luis-Vicențiu LAZARUS No groupRomania69 % of 4 641 shared48 %
Tomáš KUBÍN PatriotsCzechia69 % of 5 116 shared68 %
Antonín STANĚK PatriotsCzechia68 % of 3 142 shared68 %
Jaroslava POKORNÁ JERMANOVÁ PatriotsCzechia68 % of 4 757 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Chile Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-CL Joint parliamentary committeeMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Mexico Joint Parliamentary CommitteeD-MX Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union for the MediterraneanDMED Parliamentary assemblySubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)IG10-22 Intergroup / working groupVice-chair12 Mar 2025now

Show all 8 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Agreement on Electronic CommerceShadow rapporteurINTA23 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET23 Sept 2026
Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on EU-Norway political relationsShadow rapporteurAFET8 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA8 Sept 2026
92nd EU US TLD meeting in San Francisco, California scheduled between 24 – 27 August 2026 Official delegationD-US15 Jul 2026
Situation of international law and the risks to multilateralism, democracy and the European UnionShadow rapporteurAFET11 May 2026
Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU tradeShadow rapporteurINTA14 Apr 2026
Establishment of European Business WalletsShadow rapporteurITRE30 Mar 2026
Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards the extension of its scope to downstream goods and anti-circumvention measuresShadow rapporteur for an opinionINTA4 Mar 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET24 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA18 Feb 2026
Establishing Global EuropeShadow rapporteurAFET19 Jan 2026
Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activitiesShadow rapporteurITRE4 Dec 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionITRE27 Nov 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionITRE17 Nov 2025
Global Gateway -– past impacts and future orientationShadow rapporteur for an opinionINTA22 Oct 2025
Recommendation for the Council, for the Commission and for the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on the changing geopolitical situation in East Asia and the need for closer cooperation with like-minded partners in the regionOpinion rapporteurINTA17 Oct 2025
Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2016/1036, (EU) 2016/1037, (EU) 2017/1129, (EU) 2023/1542 and (EU) 2024/573 as regards the extension of certain mitigating measures available for small and medium sized enterprises to small mid-cap enterprises and further simplification measuresShadow rapporteur for an opinionINTA15 Sept 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA9 Sept 2025
Phasing out Russian natural gas imports, improving monitoring of potential energy dependencies and amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1938Shadow rapporteurINTA14 Jul 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA7 Jul 2025
Amending Regulations (EU) 2021/694, (EU) 2021/695, (EU) 2021/697, (EU) 2021/1153, (EU) 2023/1525 and 2024/795, as regards incentivising defence-related investments in the EU budget to implement the ReArm Europe PlanRapporteurITRE22 May 2025
Suspending certain parts of Regulation (EU) 2015/478 as regards imports of Ukrainian products into the European UnionShadow rapporteurINTA27 Mar 2025
Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanismShadow rapporteur for an opinionINTA27 Mar 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationD-CL14 Mar 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurINTA27 Jan 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurINTA5 Nov 2024
INTA Committee mission Geneva in September 2024Official delegation4 Sept 2024

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

70 contributions recorded, 14 written statements; 10 on behalf of their group; 73 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Hybrid attacks against the EU Member States (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
9 Jul 2026Feasibility of a 28th tax regime and its potential to support EU competitiveness (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026The role of the EU in efforts for peace and stability throughout the Middle East after the announced deal between the US and Iran (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland (debate) StatementRead
19 May 2026Opportunities and challenges presented by a comprehensive artificial intelligence strategy for EU trade (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 2 minRead
19 May 2026Political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) StatementRead
28 Apr 2026Ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine Speech · 1 minRead
11 Mar 2026Multilateral negotiations in view of the WTO’s 14th Ministerial Conference in Yaoundé, 26 to 29 March 2026 (debate) on behalf of ECRSpeech · 1 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 79

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
14 Sept 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Political prisoners in Cuba, the case of Félix Navarro and his daughter Saylí Navarro B-10-2026-0419Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
14 Sept 2026Circular Economy Act: regulatory barriers to secondary raw materials E-10-2026-003654Written questionwith 29 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
22 Jun 2026VP/HR remarks on Israel P-10-2026-002573Priority written questionwith 2 co-authors5 Aug 2026
18 Jun 2026Human trafficking and human rights violations through recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine E-10-2026-002532Written questionwith 27 co-authors6 Aug 2026
16 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the deteriorating situation of political prisoners in Belarus, in particular the case of Aliaksandra Pulinovich B-10-2026-0327Motion for a resolutionwith 19 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland B-10-2026-0308Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
12 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the political repression and humanitarian situation in Cuba B-10-2026-0291Motion for a resolutionwith 12 co-authors—
2 Jun 2026Reports of the Palestinian Authority’s continuing ‘pay-for-slay’ scheme E-10-2026-002235Written questionwith 8 co-authors3 Sept 2026
13 May 2026Detailed criteria, data sources and methodology for Member State classification under the Migration Pact solidarity mechanism (2) E-10-2026-001990Written question31 Jul 2026

Show all 79 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 58

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Show all 58 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Latvia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Rihards KOLS”. Member record. memberId 220871. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220871?roles=all&rows=all&scope=final (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220871. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/220871?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-220871,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Rihards KOLS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220871?roles=all&rows=all&scope=final}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/220871?roles=all&rows=all&scope=final},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 220871. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/220871. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}