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Member

Riho TERRAS

EPP · Estonia

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Estonia
Roll-call participation
88.9 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
95.6 %ⓘ of 551 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
PP Isamaa
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
15 of 511 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, SEDE (vice-chair)
Member id
204449
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

88.9 %

551 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (−1.7 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

95.6 %

527 of 551 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (+0.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.9 %

15 of 511 votes where their group had a clear line

12 opposite (for ↔ against), 3 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

0.9 %

5 of 551 votes cast

Participation 88.9 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Riho TERRAS88.9 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 95.6 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Riho TERRAS95.6 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Amendment 2 to paragraph 11 467 for, 95 against, 90 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Paragraph 9 — part 2 500 for, 119 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Separate vote on paragraph 8 527 for, 82 against, 49 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Amendment 1 to paragraph 7 156 for, 307 against, 180 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
9 Oct 2024Strengthening Moldova’s resilience against Russian interference ahead of the upcoming presidential elections and a constitutional referendum on EU integration Separate vote on paragraph 5 530 for, 49 against, 77 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
8 Oct 2024Mobilisation of the European Union Solidarity Fund: assistance to Italy, Slovenia, Austria, Greece and France further to natural disasters that occurred in 2023 Final votePassed 632 for, 7 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 Oct 2024Tuesday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group Tuesday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group 189 for, 254 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 Oct 2024Tuesday’s agenda – Request by the PfE Group Tuesday’s agenda — Request by the PfE Group 85 for, 335 against, 5 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 10, adding text after recital J 181 for, 416 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 5, adding text after recital J 220 for, 365 against, 16 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 6 to recital J 343 for, 230 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 9, adding text after recital C 185 for, 409 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 1, adding text after recital C 213 for, 383 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on recital C 456 for, 112 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on recital B 458 for, 77 against, 72 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 2, adding text after paragraph 27 222 for, 375 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 21 — part 2 445 for, 128 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 21 — part 1 597 for, 5 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on paragraph 20 432 for, 145 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Separate vote on paragraph 12 468 for, 128 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 10 180 for, 409 against, 15 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 8 — part 2 85 for, 459 against, 63 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 8 — part 1 427 for, 151 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 6 145 for, 420 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 5 156 for, 419 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 4 172 for, 425 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 4 — part 2 416 for, 170 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024The devastating floods in central and eastern Europe, the loss of lives and the EU’s preparedness to act on such disasters exacerbated by climate change Paragraph 4 — part 1 429 for, 120 against, 55 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 309 for, 201 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 4 to paragraph 11 293 for, 285 against, 39 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 10 576 for, 3 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 9 510 for, 56 against, 43 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 8 554 for, 33 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 7 545 for, 9 against, 38 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 6 568 for, 25 against, 21 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 3 to paragraph 3 132 for, 362 against, 113 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 2 274 for, 311 against, 23 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Separate vote on paragraph 1 318 for, 258 against, 25 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 2 to paragraph 1 234 for, 338 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 425 for, 131 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 25 to citation 2 238 for, 303 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Situation in Venezuela Amendment 11, adding text before paragraph 1 251 for, 322 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 11 to recital P 364 for, 186 against, 64 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Recital M — part 2 445 for, 96 against, 81 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 10, adding text after recital H 167 for, 434 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 1 to recital H — part 2 253 for, 307 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 1 to recital H — part 1 406 for, 174 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 24, adding text after paragraph 23 104 for, 485 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 23 142 for, 395 against, 66 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
19 Sept 2024Continued financial and military support to Ukraine by EU Member States Amendment 23, adding text after paragraph 21 71 for, 460 against, 80 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 9 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Jüri RATAS EPPEstonia97 % of 4 989 shared89 %
Axel VOSS EPPGermany96 % of 3 919 shared89 %
Daniel CASPARY Former memberEPPGermany96 % of 2 995 shared89 %
Christine SCHNEIDER Former memberEPPGermany96 % of 3 299 shared89 %
Manfred WEBER EPPGermany96 % of 4 085 shared89 %
Ralf SEEKATZ EPPGermany96 % of 4 402 shared89 %
Siegfried MUREŞAN EPPRomania96 % of 4 833 shared89 %
Oliver SCHENK EPPGermany96 % of 4 917 shared89 %
Mircea-Gheorghe HAVA EPPRomania96 % of 4 076 shared89 %
Stefan KÖHLER EPPGermany95 % of 4 511 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia87 % of 4 609 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania86 % of 4 368 shared82 %
Anouk VAN BRUG RenewNetherlands86 % of 3 570 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany86 % of 3 524 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland86 % of 3 867 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium86 % of 4 825 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands86 % of 3 769 shared82 %
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands86 % of 4 330 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany86 % of 4 827 shared82 %
Marie-Agnes STRACK-ZIMMERMANN RenewGermany86 % of 3 961 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeVice-chair27 Jan 2025now
Delegation to the EU-UK Parliamentary Partnership AssemblyD-UK Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Association CommitteeD-MD DelegationSubstitute30 Sept 2025now
Delegation for relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, including the EU-Bosnia and Herzegovina Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary Committee and the EU-Kosovo Stabilisation and Association Parliamentary CommitteeDSEE DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation to the Euronest Parliamentary AssemblyDEPA Parliamentary assemblySubstitute30 Sept 2025now
Intergroup on Biodiversity, Hunting and CountrysideIG10-04 Intergroup / working groupVice-chair31 Mar 2025now
Intergroup on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)IG10-22 Intergroup / working groupMember12 Mar 2025now
Committee on Security and DefenceSEDE CommitteeMember23 Jan 202526 Jan 2025
Subcommittee on Security and DefenceSEDE SubcommitteeVice-chair23 Jul 202419 Jan 2025

Show all 12 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
No dossier namedOfficial delegationSEDE21 May 2026
No dossier namedCommittee vice-chairSEDE18 May 2026
Delegation mission to Yerevan. Armenia.Official delegationDEPA22 Oct 2025
Flagship European defence projects of common interestShadow rapporteurSEDE4 Sept 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationAFET14 Jul 2025
Amending Regulations (EU) 2021/1058 and (EU) 2021/1056 as regards specific measures to address strategic challenges in the context of the mid-term reviewOpinion rapporteurSEDE15 May 2025
No dossier namedCommittee vice-chairSEDE23 Jan 2025
AFET standing rapporteur for KosovoRapporteurAFET14 Nov 2024
No dossier namedCommittee vice-chairSEDE22 Jul 2024

Show all 9 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

28 contributions recorded, 2 written statements; 1 on behalf of their group; 37 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026Acceleration of permit-granting for defence readiness projects (Omnibus V) - Simplification of intra-EU transfers of defence-related products and simplification of security and defence procurement (Omnibus V) - Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) StatementRead
16 Jun 2026An EU future for the Western Balkans (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026An EU future for the Western Balkans (joint debate) Speech · 4 minRead
10 Mar 2026Defence (joint debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 1 minRead
10 Mar 2026EU enlargement strategy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Building a stronger European defence in light of an increasingly volatile international environment (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Jan 2026Drones and new systems of warfare – the EU’s need to adapt to be fit for today’s security challenges (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Dec 2025EU Defence Readiness (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
26 Nov 2025EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for Ukraine (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 Oct 2025Ending all energy imports from Russia to the EU and closing loopholes through third countries (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 28 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 21

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
27 Apr 2026Ukrainian children forcibly transferred and deported by Russia E-10-2026-001705Written questionwith 49 co-authors14 Jul 2026
27 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on ensuring accountability and justice in response to Russia’s continued attacks against the civilian population in Ukraine B-10-2026-0215Motion for a resolutionwith 30 co-authors—
17 Apr 2026Equal treatment of sport shooting disciplines under the proposed lead shot restrictions E-10-2026-001591Written question9 Jun 2026
24 Mar 2026Restricting lead shot under the REACH Regulation P-10-2026-001214Priority written question17 Apr 2026
10 Feb 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on four years of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and European contributions to a just peace and sustained security for Ukraine B-10-2026-0146Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—
25 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the EU position on the proposed plan and EU engagement towards a just and lasting peace for Ukraine B-10-2025-0546Motion for a resolutionwith 30 co-authors—
8 Oct 2025REACH restriction on lead in rimfire ammunition E-10-2025-003959Written question21 Nov 2025
2 Oct 2025Russian jets violating Estonian airspace P-10-2025-003855Priority written questionwith 17 co-authors4 Dec 2025
16 Sept 2025Commission proposal on centrefire ammunition E-10-2025-003562Written questionwith 4 co-authors31 Oct 2025
15 Sept 2025Managing lead gunshot at outdoor sports shooting ranges P-10-2025-003539Priority written question13 Oct 2025

Show all 21 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 34

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
19 Jun 2026Clean corporate vehicles CJ46-AM-789892 CJ4623
19 Jun 2026Clean corporate vehicles CJ46-AM-790087 CJ4630
18 Jun 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on clean corporate vehicles CJ46-AM-789893 CJ463
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788892 ITRE7
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788905 ITRE7
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788896 ITRE6
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788895 ITRE4
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788849 ITRE6
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788891 ITRE8
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788894 ITRE6

Show all 34 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Estonia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Riho TERRAS”. Member record. memberId 204449. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/204449?page=117&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/204449. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/204449?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-204449,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Riho TERRAS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/204449?page=117&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/204449?page=117&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 204449. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/204449. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}