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Member

Javier ZARZALEJOS

EPP · Spain

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Spain
Roll-call participation
94.7 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
95.6 %ⓘ of 587 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (4)
National party
PP Partido Popular
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
15 of 547 votesⓘ
Member id
197606
More
Cite this page EP profile (opens the official site)
Link to this page

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term2024 (from July)20252026
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928

Roll-call participation ⓘ

94.7 %

587 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (+4.1 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

95.6 %

561 of 587 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (±0.0 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.7 %

15 of 547 votes where their group had a clear line

8 opposite (for ↔ against), 7 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.7 %

10 of 587 votes cast

Participation 94.7 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Javier ZARZALEJOS94.7 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 95.6 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Javier ZARZALEJOS95.6 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Show Final votesAll roll calls
Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Amendment 57, adding text after paragraph 3 192 for, 456 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 3 203 for, 417 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 3 171 for, 436 against, 36 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Amendment 56 to paragraph 2 211 for, 443 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Amendment 55, adding text after paragraph 1 169 for, 429 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Amendment 54, adding text after paragraph 1 195 for, 444 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Amendment 53 to paragraph 1 193 for, 460 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
7 May 2025Discharge 2023: EU general budget – Commission, executive agencies and European Development Funds Final voteDischarge decision adopted 412 for, 245 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 May 2025Amending of Regulation (EU) 2021/1057 establishing the European Social Fund + (ESF+) as regards specific measures to address strategic challenges Request for urgent procedure 370 for, 268 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
7 May 2025Amending of the ERDF, Cohesion Fund and Just Transition Fund as regards specific measures to address strategic challenges in the context of the mid-term review Request for urgent procedure 316 for, 291 against, 27 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Control of the financial activities of the European Investment Bank – annual report 2023 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 340 for, 162 against, 150 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 473 for, 59 against, 114 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Amendment 8, adding text after recital L 206 for, 424 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Amendment 7, adding text after recital F 206 for, 431 against, 13 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Amendment 15, adding text after paragraph 68 207 for, 420 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Amendment 14, adding text after paragraph 36 203 for, 436 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
6 May 2025Protection of the European Union’s financial interests – combating fraud – annual report 2023 Amendment 9, adding text after paragraph 1 172 for, 438 against, 35 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
6 May 2025Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – Belgium Final vote — text as a wholePassed 598 for, 48 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Mobilisation of the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund for Displaced Workers: application EGF/2024/003 BE/Van Hool – Belgium Separate vote on recital F 478 for, 149 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
6 May 2025Amendments to the International Health Regulations contained in the Annex to Resolution WHA77.17 and adopted on 1 June 2024 A10–0064/2025 — Adam Jarubas — Consent procedure 514 for, 126 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
5 May 2025Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the ECR Group – Cyprus (resolution) Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the ECR Group — Cyprus (resolution) 103 for, 301 against, 24 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
5 May 2025Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the S&D Group – Cyprus (debate) Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the S&D Group — Cyprus (debate) 420 for, 4 against, 12 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
5 May 2025Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the Renew Group – TikTok Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the Renew Group — TikTok 319 for, 37 against, 79 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
5 May 2025Wednesday’s agenda – Request by the Verts/ALE Group – Gaza Wednesday’s agenda — Request by the Verts/ALE Group — Gaza 184 for, 241 against, 18 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
5 May 2025Wednesday’s agenda – Request by The Left Group – Freedom Flotilla Wednesday’s agenda — Request by The Left Group — Freedom Flotilla 164 for, 256 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Targeted attacks against Christians in the Democratic Republic of the Congo – defending religious freedom and security Recital Q — part 2 of 2 502 for, 51 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Targeted attacks against Christians in the Democratic Republic of the Congo – defending religious freedom and security Demande d'ajournement du groupe The Left 46 for, 466 against, 14 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 9 to recital D 165 for, 417 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 8, adding text after recital B 348 for, 260 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Separate vote on recital B 453 for, 127 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 7 to recital A 236 for, 370 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 3 386 for, 211 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 2 369 for, 219 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 16 to paragraph 7 — part 1 430 for, 129 against, 44 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 6 204 for, 370 against, 31 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 7 372 for, 226 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 6 376 for, 229 against, 7 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 5 357 for, 226 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 4 352 for, 214 against, 42 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 15 to paragraph 6 — part 1 282 for, 309 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 11 to paragraph 6 112 for, 454 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 23 to paragraph 6 178 for, 421 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 10 to paragraph 3 300 for, 248 against, 59 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 1 209 for, 386 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 1 182 for, 414 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Final votePassed 531 for, 69 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 15, adding text after recital 4 176 for, 411 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries Amendment 18 to paragraph 1 194 for, 407 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 14, adding text after recital 2 180 for, 403 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
3 Apr 2025Amending Directives (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards the dates from which Member States are to apply certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements Amendment 13, adding text after recital 2 179 for, 405 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 4 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 202411
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 202466
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 202422
10 Oct 202411
22 Oct 202455
23 Oct 202422
24 Oct 202422
14 Nov 202455
26 Nov 202488
27 Nov 202477
28 Nov 202466
17 Dec 202466
18 Dec 202477
19 Dec 202455
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202511
23 Jan 202544
11 Feb 202543
12 Feb 202540
13 Feb 202520
11 Mar 202544
12 Mar 202577
13 Mar 202533
1 Apr 202577
2 Apr 202599
3 Apr 202555
6 May 202544
7 May 20252019
8 May 20251211
22 May 202560
17 Jun 202588
18 Jun 202576
19 Jun 202566
8 Jul 202588
9 Jul 20251412
10 Jul 202577
9 Sept 202566
10 Sept 20251515
11 Sept 202588
7 Oct 202544
8 Oct 2025109
9 Oct 20251010
21 Oct 202588
22 Oct 202565
23 Oct 202555
13 Nov 20251615
25 Nov 20251312
26 Nov 2025109
27 Nov 20251111
16 Dec 20251111
17 Dec 20251111
18 Dec 202566
20 Jan 202666
21 Jan 202688
22 Jan 202688
10 Feb 202688
11 Feb 20261010
12 Feb 202688
24 Feb 202611
10 Mar 202699
11 Mar 20261211
12 Mar 202666
26 Mar 20261313
28 Apr 20261412
29 Apr 20261717
30 Apr 2026119
19 May 202630
20 May 20261212
21 May 2026109
16 Jun 20261010
17 Jun 20261615
18 Jun 202677
7 Jul 20261515
8 Jul 20261515
9 Jul 202644
15 Sept 20261212
16 Sept 20261616
17 Sept 20261010

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Alma EZCURRA ALMANSA EPPSpain99 % of 1 900 shared89 %
Pablo ARIAS ECHEVERRÍA EPPSpain99 % of 5 197 shared89 %
Isabel BENJUMEA BENJUMEA EPPSpain99 % of 5 547 shared89 %
Fernando NAVARRETE ROJAS EPPSpain99 % of 5 434 shared89 %
Carmen CRESPO DÍAZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 855 shared89 %
Gabriel MATO EPPSpain98 % of 5 029 shared89 %
Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE EPPSpain98 % of 4 937 shared89 %
Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER EPPSpain98 % of 5 332 shared89 %
Dolors MONTSERRAT EPPSpain98 % of 5 084 shared89 %
Susana SOLÍS PÉREZ EPPSpain98 % of 4 697 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia84 % of 5 076 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany84 % of 3 769 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania83 % of 5 005 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands83 % of 4 246 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium83 % of 5 444 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland83 % of 4 425 shared82 %
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands83 % of 4 975 shared82 %
Olivier CHASTEL RenewBelgium83 % of 5 070 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany83 % of 5 448 shared82 %
Marie-Agnes STRACK-ZIMMERMANN RenewGermany82 % of 4 600 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

47 contributions recorded; 10 on behalf of their group; 76 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
15 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
15 Sept 2026The recent hybrid attacks and instrumentalisation of migrants in Ceuta and the need for a coordinated response to protect the EU’s external borders (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
17 Jun 2026Protecting children’s safety and mental health from the risks posed by social media – our duty to act now (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026Rights, support and protection of victims of crime (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
29 Apr 2026The need for targeted criminal provisions and platforms’ responsibility to effectively address cyberbullying and online harassment (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026The need for targeted criminal provisions and platforms’ responsibility to effectively address cyberbullying and online harassment (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
28 Apr 2026The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
27 Apr 2026Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
27 Apr 2026Importance of consent-based rape legislation in the EU (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
25 Mar 2026Combating corruption (debate) Speech · 2 minRead

Show all 40 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 21

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
11 Sept 2026Ceuta migrant crisis E-10-2026-003642Written questionwith 3 co-authorsNot yet answered
4 Sept 2026Direct applicability of the regulations comprising the Migration and Asylum Pact P-10-2026-003509Priority written questionwith 4 co-authorsNot yet answered
27 Aug 2026Urgent enhancement of maritime surveillance, European cooperation to tackle the use of high-powered vessels by criminal human and drug trafficking networks E-10-2026-003351Written questionwith 2 co-authorsNot yet answered
15 Jul 2026The upcoming EU anti-corruption strategy O-10-2026-000031Oral questionNot yet answered
13 Jul 2026Missing and runaway children as an indicator of violence, abuse and grooming E-10-2026-002868Written questionwith 15 co-authorsNot yet answered
9 Jul 2026Document fraud in extraordinary regularisation processes and protecting the integrity of the Schengen area E-10-2026-002850Written questionwith 3 co-authors1 Sept 2026
9 Jul 2026Mass granting of Spanish citizenship by descent, document authenticity and governance of the Schengen area E-10-2026-002849Written questionwith 3 co-authors18 Sept 2026
24 Jun 2026Timeline and scope of the forthcoming simplification package on fisheries legislation to support the competitiveness of the EU fleet E-10-2026-002596Written questionwith 13 co-authors20 Aug 2026
10 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the recruitment of children by organised crime B-10-2026-0275Motion for a resolutionwith 33 co-authors—
4 Jun 2026Possible misappropriation of campaign funds for the 2024 European Parliament elections E-10-2026-002309Written questionwith 1 co-author25 Sept 2026

Show all 21 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 17

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
27 Apr 2026Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing the Connecting Europe Facility for the period 2028-2034, amending Regulation (EU) 2024/1679 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/1153 CJ05-AM-787838 CJ051
10 Feb 2026Amending Regulation (EU) 2021/1232 as regards the extension of its period of application LIBE-AM-784377 LIBE1
15 Dec 2025The Commission’s 2025 Rule of Law report – annual report 2025 LIBE-AM-781446 LIBE18
18 Nov 2025Monitoring the application of European Union law in 2023, 2024 and 2025 JURI-AM-779701 JURI7
10 Jul 2025Protection of minors online IMCO-AM-775649 IMCO10
10 Jul 2025Protection of minors online IMCO-AM-774602 IMCO9
9 Jul 2025Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775460 JURI1
8 Jul 2025Amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775459 JURI3
4 Jul 2025Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775458 JURI1
4 Jul 2025Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2006/43/EC, 2013/34/EU, (EU) 2022/2464 and (EU) 2024/1760 as regards certain corporate sustainability reporting and due diligence requirements JURI-AM-775457 JURI2

Show all 17 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Spain National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=94&scope=final&vscope=all
Official source
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
30 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Javier ZARZALEJOS”. Member record. memberId 197606. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=94&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 30 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197606. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197606?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-member-197606,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Javier ZARZALEJOS}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=94&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197606?page=94&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-30},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197606. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197606. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 772c7b2d0380 (30 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}