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Member

Jaak MADISON

ECR · Estonia

Group
ECR
Country
Estonia
Roll-call participation
82.7 %ⓘ of 5 928 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
89.0 %ⓘ of 4 884 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 91.1 %
More facts (5)
National party
KE Eesti Keskerakond
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
316 of 4 255 votesⓘ
Committees
AFET, INTA
Member id
197493
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

82.7 %

4 900 of 5 928 roll calls while in office

ECR median: 91.6 % (−9.0 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

89.0 %

4 349 of 4 884 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 91.1 % (−2.1 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

7.4 %

316 of 4 255 votes where their group had a clear line

139 opposite (for ↔ against), 89 abstained against the line, 88 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

5.9 %

291 of 4 900 votes cast

Participation 82.7 % — ECR median 91.6 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Jaak MADISON82.7 %
ECR median91.6 %
Lowest in the group47.1 %
Highest in the group99.7 %
Members79
With majority line 89.0 % — ECR median 91.1 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Jaak MADISON89.0 %
ECR median91.1 %
Lowest in the group66.8 %
Highest in the group93.7 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 51, adding text after paragraph 51 206 for, 396 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 51 196 for, 445 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 50 to paragraph 50 92 for, 536 against, 44 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 48 — part 2 415 for, 251 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 45 — part 5 362 for, 283 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 45 — part 4 369 for, 267 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 45 — part 3 339 for, 299 against, 32 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 45 — part 2 547 for, 81 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 45 — part 1 345 for, 305 against, 26 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 16 to paragraph 45 239 for, 418 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 44 — part 2 381 for, 275 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 49 to paragraph 44 205 for, 403 against, 71 abstainedPosition: Against ≠ groupMajority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 15 to paragraph 43 228 for, 429 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 41 239 for, 409 against, 23 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 159 to paragraph 41 134 for, 450 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 46, adding text after paragraph 37 291 for, 335 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 35 — part 2 439 for, 181 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 45, adding text after paragraph 35 — part 1 451 for, 140 against, 74 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 30 — part 6 620 for, 40 against, 3 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 30 — part 5 509 for, 39 against, 119 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 30 — part 4 614 for, 42 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 30 — part 3 571 for, 43 against, 57 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 30 — part 2 357 for, 95 against, 209 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 30 — part 1 603 for, 31 against, 45 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 19 to paragraph 30 284 for, 355 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 29 258 for, 347 against, 69 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 29 196 for, 420 against, 49 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 29 114 for, 517 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 28 — part 2 537 for, 77 against, 57 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 106, adding text after paragraph 28 — part 1 406 for, 227 against, 39 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 28 114 for, 532 against, 28 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 28 — part 4 290 for, 339 against, 33 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 28 — part 3 308 for, 332 against, 35 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 28 — part 2 341 for, 201 against, 107 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 154 to paragraph 28 185 for, 445 against, 20 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 18 to paragraph 28 237 for, 339 against, 97 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 9 102 for, 486 against, 40 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 34, adding text after paragraph 9 106 for, 518 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 9 70 for, 565 against, 38 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 9 121 for, 500 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 30 to paragraph 8 — part 2 130 for, 463 against, 77 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 30 to paragraph 8 — part 1 246 for, 379 against, 52 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Separate vote on paragraph 4, indent 20 528 for, 61 against, 85 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 149 to paragraph 4, indent 20 187 for, 469 against, 14 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 147 to paragraph 4, after indent 8 172 for, 445 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Separate vote on paragraph 4, indent 8 664 for, 5 against, 8 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Paragraph 4, indent 7 — part 2 282 for, 340 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 145 to paragraph 4, indent 7 192 for, 448 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 27 to paragraph 4, after indent 6 548 for, 60 against, 64 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
2 Apr 2025Implementation of the common foreign and security policy – annual report 2024 Amendment 14 to paragraph 1 197 for, 463 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 34 of 107 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242320
18 Jul 202411
16 Sept 202420
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202420
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202420
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129129
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202420
14 Nov 2024360
25 Nov 202420
26 Nov 20241818
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245757
17 Dec 20241313
18 Dec 20243332
19 Dec 20244545
20 Jan 202520
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 20253232
12 Feb 20251010
13 Feb 2025300
10 Mar 202520
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228223
13 Mar 20252424
31 Mar 202530
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251251
3 Apr 2025620
5 May 202550
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220163
8 May 20251030
21 May 202520
22 May 2025530
16 Jun 202520
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258783
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 2025101100
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 20256966
6 Oct 202520
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 20255555
9 Oct 20256565
20 Oct 202530
21 Oct 20251313
22 Oct 2025186183
23 Oct 20255555
13 Nov 2025267215
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 20257575
26 Nov 202510062
27 Nov 2025125114
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254343
18 Dec 20254238
20 Jan 20266765
21 Jan 2026112111
22 Jan 20265856
9 Feb 202620
10 Feb 20263838
11 Feb 20261311
12 Feb 2026141140
24 Feb 2026430
9 Mar 202610
10 Mar 20261970
11 Mar 20266057
12 Mar 20263434
25 Mar 202633
26 Mar 20266968
27 Apr 202620
28 Apr 2026225216
29 Apr 2026296294
30 Apr 20266861
18 May 202640
19 May 202633
20 May 20269696
21 May 20269895
15 Jun 202620
16 Jun 20264040
17 Jun 2026127123
18 Jun 20267777
6 Jul 202620
7 Jul 20267272
8 Jul 2026144140
9 Jul 2026670
14 Sept 202610
15 Sept 20261550
16 Sept 20268078
17 Sept 2026124123

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Stephen Nikola BARTULICA ECRCroatia87 % of 4 300 shared81 %
Michał DWORCZYK ECRPoland86 % of 3 574 shared81 %
Diego SOLIER changed group ECRSpain86 % of 4 433 shared81 %
Mariusz KAMIŃSKI ECRPoland86 % of 4 844 shared81 %
Małgorzata GOSIEWSKA ECRPoland86 % of 4 424 shared81 %
Daniel OBAJTEK ECRPoland85 % of 4 179 shared81 %
Kosma ZŁOTOWSKI ECRPoland85 % of 4 851 shared81 %
Patryk JAKI ECRPoland85 % of 4 567 shared81 %
Anna ZALEWSKA ECRPoland85 % of 4 849 shared81 %
Jadwiga WIŚNIEWSKA ECRPoland85 % of 4 734 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain77 % of 4 340 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain76 % of 3 699 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 534 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 775 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain76 % of 4 856 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain76 % of 3 868 shared68 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal76 % of 4 686 shared68 %
Anna BRYŁKA changed group PatriotsPoland73 % of 4 417 shared67 %
Vilis KRIŠTOPANS PatriotsLatvia73 % of 4 475 shared68 %
Mieke ANDRIESE PatriotsNetherlands72 % of 2 319 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Foreign AffairsAFET CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on International TradeINTA CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation for relations with the People's Republic of ChinaD-CN DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with the United StatesD-US DelegationSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on DemographyIG10-09 Intergroup / working groupMember27 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on DisabilityIG10-10 Intergroup / working groupMember11 Mar 2025now

Show all 6 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
I will participate at the mission to Dominican Republic as a INTA standing rapporteur for Central America and with the delegation for relations with Central America and Cuba. Official delegation16 Sept 2026
Conclusion, on behalf of the Union, of the Agreement on Digital Trade between the European Union and the Republic of KoreaShadow rapporteurINTA16 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA16 Sept 2026
Recommendation to the Council, the Commission and the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy on EU engagement in the Horn of Africa – challenges and strategic prioritiesShadow rapporteurAFET8 Sept 2026
No dossier namedOpinion rapporteurINTA8 Sept 2026
Agreement in the form of an exchange of letters between the Union and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan relating to the modification of concessions on all the tariff rate quotas included in the EU Schedule CLXXV as a consequence of the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European UnionShadow rapporteurINTA15 Apr 2026
Role of trade in strengthening the EU's economic securityShadow rapporteurINTA15 Apr 2026
No dossier namedRapporteurINTA4 Feb 2026
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA25 Jun 2025
No dossier namedOfficial delegationINTA29 Apr 2025

Show all 11 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

33 contributions recorded; 42 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Sept 2026State of the Union (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
8 Jul 2026EU’s response and preparedness to protect people against recurring heatwaves and upcoming wildfires (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
16 Jun 2026Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 May 2026High time to deliver on the Single Market, providing certainty and predictability for EU businesses and quality jobs (continuation of debate) Speech · 1 minRead
29 Apr 2026EU strategy in response to the ongoing Middle East crisis, its implications on energy prices and the availability of fertilizers (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
10 Feb 2026Building a stronger European defence in light of an increasingly volatile international environment (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026European Council meeting (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 Jan 2026European Council meeting (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
20 Jan 2026Territorial integrity and sovereignty of Greenland and the Kingdom of Denmark: the need for a united EU response to US blackmail attempts (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 33 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 35

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
27 Aug 2026The EU’s deadly anti-racism ideology: the death of Henry Nowak E-10-2026-003350Written questionwith 22 co-authorsNot yet answered
31 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the need to combat migrant grooming gangs B-10-2026-0373Motion for a resolutionwith 80 co-authors—
15 Jun 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Russia’s unacceptable provocative actions and drone incursions into Romania, the Baltic states and Finland B-10-2026-0308Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
18 May 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Repression and execution of protesters, dissidents, political prisoners and religious minorities in Iran B-10-2026-0266Motion for a resolutionwith 17 co-authors—
22 Apr 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on protecting places of worship in the EU from foreign political interference and state-linked influence operations B-10-2026-0187Motion for a resolutionwith 16 co-authors—
8 Apr 2026Union Resettlement and Humanitarian Admission Framework Regulation E-10-2026-001410Written questionwith 25 co-authors18 Jun 2026
9 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Human trafficking and grave human rights violations linked to the recruitment of non-Russian nationals, in particular from Africa, for Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine B-10-2026-0175Motion for a resolutionwith 26 co-authors—
3 Mar 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on halting the expansion of mosques and Islamic centres in the EU B-10-2026-0154Motion for a resolutionwith 37 co-authors—
3 Mar 2026Visa requirement imposed by Nicaragua on certain EU citizens and application of the reciprocity mechanism P-10-2026-000868Priority written questionwith 9 co-authors31 Mar 2026
19 Jan 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the brutal repression against protestors in Iran B-10-2026-0083Motion for a resolutionwith 29 co-authors—

Show all 35 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 3

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
10 Dec 2025Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781316 INTA8
5 Dec 2025Addressing the negative trade-related effects of global overcapacity on the Union steel market INTA-AM-781298 INTA9
3 Apr 2025Public procurement INTA-AM-772121 INTA1

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Estonia National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
28 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Jaak MADISON”. Member record. memberId 197493. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=98&rows=all&vscope=all (retrieved 28 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197493. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/197493?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-197493,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Jaak MADISON}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=98&rows=all&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/197493?page=98&rows=all&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-28},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 197493. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/197493. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 5a7357168c2a (28 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}