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Member

Pilar DEL CASTILLO VERA

EPP · Spain

Group
EPP PPE
Country
Spain
Roll-call participation
78.4 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
95.3 %ⓘ of 486 votes where the group had a line · EPP median 95.6 %
More facts (5)
National party
PP Partido Popular
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
13 of 450 votesⓘ
Committees
CULT (substitute), IMCO (substitute), ITRE
Member id
28390
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

78.4 %

486 of 620 final votes while in office

EPP median: 90.6 % (−12.2 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

95.3 %

463 of 486 votes where their group had a line

EPP median: 95.6 % (−0.3 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.9 %

13 of 450 votes where their group had a clear line

10 opposite (for ↔ against), 3 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

1.2 %

6 of 486 votes cast

Participation 78.4 % — EPP median 90.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Pilar DEL CASTILLO VERA78.4 %
EPP median90.6 %
Lowest in the group18.4 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members192
With majority line 95.3 % — EPP median 95.6 %, 192 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 192 members of the EPP with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Pilar DEL CASTILLO VERA95.3 %
EPP median95.6 %
Lowest in the group67.8 %
Highest in the group99.0 %
Members192
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of EPP; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 46 — part 2 406 for, 214 against, 29 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 46 — part 1 470 for, 117 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 45 — part 3 334 for, 270 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 45 — part 2 327 for, 272 against, 42 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 45 — part 1 433 for, 153 against, 53 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Separate vote on paragraph 44 349 for, 228 against, 79 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 43 — part 2 340 for, 285 against, 24 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 43 — part 1 358 for, 210 against, 81 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Separate vote on paragraph 41 362 for, 214 against, 75 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 24 — part 2 337 for, 303 against, 19 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 24 — part 1 532 for, 42 against, 82 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 21 — part 2 433 for, 135 against, 65 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 21 — part 1 548 for, 37 against, 60 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Amendment 8, adding text after paragraph 19 215 for, 294 against, 144 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Amendment 7, adding text after paragraph 19 278 for, 304 against, 69 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 18 — part 3 399 for, 182 against, 72 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 18 — part 2 299 for, 354 against, 6 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 18 — part 1 435 for, 197 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 4 353 for, 224 against, 63 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 3 330 for, 256 against, 57 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 2 339 for, 302 against, 12 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 16 — part 1 539 for, 20 against, 88 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 8 — part 3 388 for, 169 against, 88 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 8 — part 2 472 for, 133 against, 45 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 8 — part 1 501 for, 61 against, 74 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 6 194 for, 309 against, 145 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 6 — part 5 342 for, 280 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Abstained ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 6 — part 4 601 for, 46 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 3 — part 2 490 for, 141 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Gender inequalities in health, specifically as regards gender-specific conditions Paragraph 3 — part 1 406 for, 200 against, 35 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026An EU cardiovascular diseases strategy Final vote on the motion for a resolutionAdopted 545 for, 47 against, 75 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Final vote — text as a wholeAdopted 470 for, 129 against, 62 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 6, adding text after recital F 213 for, 426 against, 20 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 12, adding text after paragraph 64 218 for, 434 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 11, adding text after paragraph 64 220 for, 432 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 10, adding text after paragraph 64 175 for, 438 against, 50 abstainedPosition: For ≠ groupMajority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 9 to paragraph 64 205 for, 442 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 8 to paragraph 56 216 for, 439 against, 8 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Hybrid warfare and the protection of the EU’s territorial integrity and critical security and defence infrastructure Amendment 7 to paragraph 35 231 for, 426 against, 9 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Nuclear decommissioning assistance programme of the Ignalina nuclear power plant in Lithuania for the period 2028-2034 Final votePassed 625 for, 20 against, 22 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Norway Agreement on the participation of Norway in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 612 for, 8 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Instrument for Nuclear Safety Cooperation 2028-2034 Final votePassed 600 for, 21 against, 48 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Iceland Agreement on the participation of Iceland in GOVSATCOM and in the Union Secure Connectivity Programme Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 631 for, 7 against, 15 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-Switzerland Agreement on the transfer of passenger name record (PNR) data for the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of terrorist offences and serious crime Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 549 for, 75 against, 30 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026EU-UK Agreement regarding cooperation on the application of their respective competition laws Final vote on the draft Council decisionConsent given 640 for, 5 against, 26 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Final votePassed 496 for, 53 against, 125 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Amendment 86 to Article 9, paragraph 2 131 for, 532 against, 10 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Amendment 85, adding text after Article 8 138 for, 532 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Establishing the Single Market and Customs Programme for the period 2028-2034 Amendment 84 to Article 4, after paragraph 1 168 for, 505 against, 4 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
16 Sept 2026Defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for the defence industry (Omnibus V) Final vote on the provisional agreementPassed 530 for, 125 against, 12 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 17 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within EPP

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Susana SOLÍS PÉREZ EPPSpain97 % of 4 082 shared89 %
Maravillas ABADÍA JOVER EPPSpain97 % of 4 551 shared89 %
Carmen CRESPO DÍAZ EPPSpain97 % of 3 940 shared89 %
Antonio LÓPEZ-ISTÚRIZ WHITE EPPSpain97 % of 4 211 shared89 %
Fernando NAVARRETE ROJAS EPPSpain97 % of 4 378 shared89 %
Borja GIMÉNEZ LARRAZ EPPSpain97 % of 4 531 shared89 %
Gabriel MATO EPPSpain97 % of 4 163 shared89 %
Alma EZCURRA ALMANSA EPPSpain97 % of 1 586 shared89 %
Dolors MONTSERRAT EPPSpain97 % of 4 276 shared89 %
Esteban GONZÁLEZ PONS EPPSpain97 % of 4 152 shared89 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Urmas PAET RenewEstonia85 % of 4 096 shared82 %
Dan BARNA RenewRomania84 % of 4 012 shared82 %
Katri KULMUNI RenewFinland84 % of 3 568 shared82 %
Andreas GLÜCK RenewGermany84 % of 2 997 shared82 %
Hilde VAUTMANS RenewBelgium84 % of 4 389 shared82 %
Bart GROOTHUIS RenewNetherlands83 % of 3 340 shared82 %
Eugen TOMAC RenewRomania83 % of 3 232 shared82 %
Olivier CHASTEL RenewBelgium83 % of 4 201 shared82 %
Jeannette BALJEU RenewNetherlands83 % of 3 951 shared82 %
Jan-Christoph OETJEN RenewGermany83 % of 4 397 shared82 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Culture and EducationCULT CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer ProtectionIMCO CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Industry, Research and EnergyITRE CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Delegation to the EU-UK Parliamentary Partnership AssemblyD-UK Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for relations with IndiaD-IN DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Intergroup on Children’s RightsIG10-06 Intergroup / working groupMember19 Feb 2025now
Intergroup on European Cultural Heritage, Ways of Saint James and other European Cultural RoutesIG10-11 Intergroup / working groupMember29 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Sustainable LivestockIG10-15 Intergroup / working groupMember31 Jan 2025now
Intergroup on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)IG10-22 Intergroup / working groupMember12 Mar 2025now

Show all 9 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Cloud and AI Development ActShadow rapporteurITRE22 Sept 2026
Digital networks, amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120, Directive 2002/58/EC and Decision No 676/2002/EC and repealing Regulation (EU) 2018/1971, Directive (EU) 2018/1972 and Decision No 243/2012/EU (Digital Networks Act)Shadow rapporteurITRE4 Mar 2026
No dossier namedShadow rapporteurITRE14 Feb 2025

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

14 contributions recorded; 1 on behalf of their group; 21 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
16 Jun 2026Achieving digital sovereignty and resilience for Europe, in light of recent developments affecting access to advanced AI technologies (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
25 Mar 2026Energy security, independence and supply in the geopolitical context - ensuring market stability and affordable energy for industry and citizens (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
10 Mar 2026Presentation of the Energy Package (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
21 Jan 2026Presentation of the Digital Networks Act (debate) on behalf of EPPSpeech · 3 minRead
16 Dec 2025Grids package and tackling raising energy prices through robust infrastructure (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
25 Nov 2025Digital Package (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
21 May 2025Russian energy phase-out, Nord Stream and the EU's energy sovereignty (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
7 May 2025Resilience and the need to improve the interconnection of energy grid infrastructure in the EU: the first lessons from the blackout in the Iberian Peninsula (debate) SpeechRead
7 May 2025Resilience and the need to improve the interconnection of energy grid infrastructure in the EU: the first lessons from the blackout in the Iberian Peninsula (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
2 Apr 2025Energy-intensive industries (debate) Speech · 2 minRead

Show all 14 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 15

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
13 Mar 2026Simplifying cross-border sales in the internal market E-10-2026-001058Written questionwith 21 co-authors26 May 2026
29 Jan 2026Extraordinary regularisation of immigrants in Spain E-10-2026-000366Written questionwith 21 co-authors8 Apr 2026
18 Nov 2025Commission guarantees as to delays in electricity interconnection projects between Spain and France E-10-2025-004586Written questionwith 1 co-author9 Mar 2026
2 Jul 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission delegated regulation of 10 June 2025 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1675 to add Algeria, Angola, Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, Laos, Lebanon, Monaco, Namibia, Nepal and Venezuela to the list of high-risk third countries which have provided a written high-level political commitment to address the identified deficiencies and have developed an action plan with the FATF, and to remove Barbados, Gibraltar, Jamaica, Panama, the Philippines, Senegal, Uganda and the United Arab Emirates from that list B-10-2025-0318Motion for a resolutionwith 48 co-authors—
18 Jun 2025Stress tests potentially run on the Spanish grid with no prior notification during the blackout of 28 April 2025 E-10-2025-002456Written question28 Nov 2025
13 Jun 2025State of play of Spain-France electricity interconnection projects E-10-2025-002389Written questionwith 1 co-author2 Sept 2025
5 Jun 2025Independence of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity expert group in the investigation of the 28 April blackout E-10-2025-002274Written questionwith 1 co-author9 Sept 2025
5 Jun 2025Need to ensure compensation for those affected by the 28 April blackout on the Iberian Peninsula E-10-2025-002275Written questionwith 1 co-author28 Nov 2025
19 May 2025Inclusion of nuclear energy production targets and deployment pathways in the revised PINC E-10-2025-001997Written questionwith 10 co-authors31 Jul 2025
13 Mar 2025Impact of national restrictions on strategic autonomy and uranium supply in the EU E-10-2025-001097Written questionwith 21 co-authors10 Jun 2025

Show all 15 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 54

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792052 ITRE12
17 Sept 2026Mobile satellite services: selection and authorisation of systems using the harmonised 2 GHz frequency band ITRE-AM-792193 ITRE13
27 Jul 2026Amending Regulations (EU) 2016/679, (EU) 2018/1724, (EU) 2018/1725, (EU) 2023/2854 and Directives 2002/58/EC, (EU) 2022/2555 and (EU) 2022/2557 as regards the simplification of the digital legislative framework, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2018/1807, (EU) 2019/1150, (EU) 2022/868, and Directive (EU) 2019/1024 (Digital Omnibus) CJ72-AM-791071 CJ723
5 Jun 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788898 ITRE7
27 May 2026Amending Directives (EU) 2018/2001, (EU) 2019/944, (EU) 2024/1788 as regards acceleration of permit-granting procedures ITRE-AM-788845 ITRE24
19 May 2026Guidelines for trans-European energy infrastructure, amending Regulations (EU) 2019/942, (EU) 2019/943 and (EU) 2024/1789 and repealing Regulation (EU) 2022/869 ITRE-AM-788922 ITRE2
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788897 ITRE5
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788892 ITRE2
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788893 ITRE3
18 May 2026Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activities ITRE-AM-788896 ITRE3

Show all 54 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Spain National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
25 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Pilar DEL CASTILLO VERA”. Member record. memberId 28390. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/28390?page=4&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 25 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/28390. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/28390?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-28390,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Pilar DEL CASTILLO VERA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/28390?page=4&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/28390?page=4&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-25},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 28390. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/28390. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version f37e5638cded (25 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}