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Member · Former member

Antonio DECARO

S&D · Italy · left on 1 February 2026

Group
S&D
Country
Italy
Roll-call participation
60.2 %ⓘ of 3 644 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.2 % · whole term, roll calls
With majority line
97.1 %ⓘ of 2 194 votes where the group had a line · S&D median 96.3 %
More facts (4)
National party
PD Partito Democratico
In office
16 Jul 2024 – 1 Feb 2026 (left on 1 February 2026)
Against clear line
51 of 2 163 votesⓘ
Member id
257122
More
Cite this page EP profile (opens the official site)
Link to this page

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Period Whole term2024 (from July)20252026
Custom dates
Votes Final votes620All roll calls5 928

Roll-call participation ⓘ

60.2 %

2 195 of 3 644 roll calls while in office

S&D median: 89.9 % (−29.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.2 %

With majority line ⓘ

97.1 %

2 131 of 2 194 votes where their group had a line

S&D median: 96.3 % (+0.9 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

2.4 %

51 of 2 163 votes where their group had a clear line

37 opposite (for ↔ against), 12 abstained against the line, 2 voted for or against when the line was to abstain

Abstention ⓘ

2.6 %

58 of 2 195 votes cast

Participation 60.2 % — S&D median 89.9 %, 138 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 138 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Antonio DECARO60.2 %
S&D median89.9 %
Lowest in the group30.4 %
Highest in the group99.6 %
Members138
With majority line 97.1 % — S&D median 96.3 %, 138 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 138 members of the S&D with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Antonio DECARO97.1 %
S&D median96.3 %
Lowest in the group81.9 %
Highest in the group99.4 %
Members138
  • Whole term, 5 928 roll-call votes. The dots are the other members of S&D; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 3 644

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Show Final votesAll roll calls
Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 160, adding text after paragraph 84 188 for, 451 against, 15 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 168, adding text after paragraph 82 71 for, 542 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 159, adding text after paragraph 82 84 for, 483 against, 76 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 169, adding text after paragraph 82 72 for, 527 against, 47 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 1, adding text after paragraph 82 282 for, 317 against, 39 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 158, adding text after paragraph 81 141 for, 445 against, 67 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 157, adding text after paragraph 79 182 for, 412 against, 59 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 173, adding text after paragraph 79 284 for, 314 against, 52 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 172, adding text after paragraph 79 254 for, 331 against, 72 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 178 to paragraph 79, after point l 249 for, 275 against, 127 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Abstained
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 177 to paragraph 79, after point l 285 for, 306 against, 52 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 151 to paragraph 79, after point l 169 for, 443 against, 35 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 26 to paragraph 79, after point j 321 for, 240 against, 84 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 150 to paragraph 79, after point g 161 for, 448 against, 48 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 147 to paragraph 78 171 for, 462 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 154, adding text after paragraph 77 131 for, 456 against, 56 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 167, adding text after paragraph 75 115 for, 471 against, 47 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 156, adding text after paragraph 75 120 for, 483 against, 48 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 166, adding text after paragraph 73 202 for, 431 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 152, adding text after paragraph 73 152 for, 468 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 103, adding text after paragraph 72 65 for, 519 against, 61 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 41, adding text after paragraph 71 121 for, 496 against, 31 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 146, adding text after paragraph 68 199 for, 443 against, 4 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 145, adding text after paragraph 67 — part 3 219 for, 406 against, 6 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 145, adding text after paragraph 67 — part 2 176 for, 438 against, 28 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 145, adding text after paragraph 67 — part 1 224 for, 418 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 102, adding text after paragraph 67 223 for, 423 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Paragraph 67 — part 2 417 for, 211 against, 11 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Paragraph 67 — part 1 501 for, 143 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 144, adding text after paragraph 65 222 for, 408 against, 24 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 40, adding text after paragraph 65 74 for, 491 against, 91 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 61, adding text after paragraph 64 142 for, 496 against, 9 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 165, adding text after paragraph 63 176 for, 444 against, 33 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 164, adding text after paragraph 63 176 for, 442 against, 35 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 143, adding text after paragraph 60 206 for, 424 against, 13 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 104 to paragraph 58 122 for, 502 against, 22 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 99, adding text after paragraph 57 94 for, 523 against, 23 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 98, adding text after paragraph 57 61 for, 566 against, 14 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 97, adding text after paragraph 57 74 for, 537 against, 23 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 96, adding text after paragraph 57 76 for, 506 against, 63 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 60, adding text after paragraph 57 119 for, 490 against, 35 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 59, adding text after paragraph 57 72 for, 561 against, 23 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 163, adding text after paragraph 56 196 for, 426 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 161, adding text after paragraph 56 205 for, 427 against, 16 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 175, adding text after paragraph 56 183 for, 446 against, 12 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Separate vote on paragraph 56 532 for, 84 against, 20 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 142, adding text after paragraph 55 214 for, 436 against, 4 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Separate vote on paragraph 55 430 for, 189 against, 30 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 174, adding text after paragraph 54 224 for, 425 against, 5 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against
22 Oct 2025General budget of the European Union for the financial year 2026 – all sections Amendment 136, adding text after paragraph 54 185 for, 448 against, 12 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: Against

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 27 of 76 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table
Roll calls held at each sitting while in office and how many of them the member voted in.
SittingRoll callsVoted in
17 Jul 20242322
18 Jul 202410
16 Sept 202421
18 Sept 202422
19 Sept 20249292
7 Oct 202422
8 Oct 202411
9 Oct 20241818
10 Oct 202444
21 Oct 202422
22 Oct 20241010
23 Oct 2024129129
24 Oct 20241313
13 Nov 202422
14 Nov 20243636
25 Nov 202420
26 Nov 20241813
27 Nov 20241111
28 Nov 20245757
17 Dec 2024130
18 Dec 20243333
19 Dec 20244544
20 Jan 202520
21 Jan 202511
22 Jan 202522
23 Jan 20254544
10 Feb 202510
11 Feb 20253231
12 Feb 2025109
13 Feb 20253029
10 Mar 202520
11 Mar 202599
12 Mar 2025228225
13 Mar 20252423
31 Mar 202533
1 Apr 20253535
2 Apr 2025251250
3 Apr 20256260
5 May 202555
6 May 20251010
7 May 2025220219
8 May 2025103102
21 May 202522
22 May 20255353
16 Jun 202520
17 Jun 20254141
18 Jun 20259191
19 Jun 20258787
7 Jul 202510
8 Jul 20255555
9 Jul 2025134134
10 Jul 20253636
8 Sept 202510
9 Sept 20251010
10 Sept 20253434
11 Sept 2025690
6 Oct 202521
7 Oct 202555
8 Oct 2025550
9 Oct 2025650
20 Oct 202530
21 Oct 2025130
22 Oct 20251860
23 Oct 2025550
13 Nov 20252670
24 Nov 202530
25 Nov 2025750
26 Nov 20251000
27 Nov 20251250
15 Dec 202540
16 Dec 20256666
17 Dec 20254341
18 Dec 2025420
20 Jan 2026670
21 Jan 20261120
22 Jan 2026580

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within S&D

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Matteo RICCI S&DItaly99 % of 1 862 shared93 %
Camilla LAURETI S&DItaly99 % of 2 184 shared93 %
Giuseppe LUPO S&DItaly98 % of 2 177 shared93 %
Alessandra MORETTI S&DItaly98 % of 1 914 shared93 %
Irene TINAGLI S&DItaly98 % of 2 125 shared93 %
Sandro RUOTOLO S&DItaly98 % of 1 958 shared93 %
Stefano BONACCINI S&DItaly98 % of 2 028 shared93 %
Annalisa CORRADO S&DItaly98 % of 2 012 shared93 %
Pierfrancesco MARAN S&DItaly98 % of 2 177 shared93 %
Giorgio GORI S&DItaly98 % of 1 913 shared93 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Gerben-Jan GERBRANDY RenewNetherlands88 % of 2 129 shared86 %
Raquel GARCÍA HERMIDA-VAN DER WALLE RenewNetherlands88 % of 2 184 shared86 %
Charles GOERENS RenewLuxembourg88 % of 1 908 shared86 %
Valérie DEVAUX RenewFrance87 % of 1 739 shared86 %
Martin HOJSÍK RenewSlovakia87 % of 2 102 shared86 %
Lukas SIEPER changed group RenewGermany87 % of 2 051 shared33 %
Lucia YAR RenewSlovakia87 % of 2 146 shared86 %
Marjan ŠAREC RenewSlovenia87 % of 1 768 shared86 %
Jana TOOM RenewEstonia87 % of 2 089 shared86 %
Michal WIEZIK RenewSlovakia87 % of 2 143 shared86 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Dossiers

No rapporteur, shadow or negotiator role recorded this term.

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

21 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 33 minutes of speaking time.

Date: the sitting. Debate: the item debated, and the group when they spoke on its behalf. Kind: speech or written statement, with speaking time. Verbatim: the verbatim report on Parliament’s site.
DateDebateKindVerbatim
9 Sept 2025Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: simplification and strengthening (debate) Speech · 2 minRead
9 Sept 2025Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: simplification and strengthening (debate) Speech · 4 minRead
9 Jul 2025EU Preparedness Union in light of the upcoming wildfire and droughts season (debate) on behalf of S&DSpeech · 1 minRead
17 Jun 2025European Ocean Pact (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
22 May 2025Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanism (A10-0085/2025 - Antonio Decaro) (vote) SpeechRead
21 May 2025Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanism (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
21 May 2025Amending Regulation (EU) 2023/956 as regards simplifying and strengthening the carbon border adjustment mechanism (debate) Speech · 4 minRead
6 May 2025The European Water Resilience Strategy (debate) Speech · 1 minRead
6 May 2025Discharge 2023 (joint debate) Speech · 1 minRead
2 Apr 2025Outcome of the recent COP16 biodiversity negotiations in Rome (debate) Speech · 1 minRead

Show all 21 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 33

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
29 Jan 2026Activating EU funds and support instruments for Sicily, Sardinia and Calabria in the wake of Cyclone Harry P-10-2026-000378Priority written questionwith 20 co-authors12 Mar 2026
10 Dec 2025RECOMMENDATION FOR A DECISION to raise no objections to the Commission delegated regulation of 20 November 2025 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2023/956 of the European Parliament and of the Council by specifying the conditions for granting accreditation to verifiers, for the control and oversight of accredited verifiers, for the withdrawal of accreditation and for mutual recognition and peer evaluation of accreditation bodies B-10-2025-0565Motion for a resolution—
20 Nov 2025EU funding of companies linked to spyware and illegal surveillance E-10-2025-004636Written questionwith 54 co-authors20 Feb 2026
12 Nov 2025The sacking of journalist Gabriele Nunziati over a question he asked the Commission E-10-2025-004502Written questionwith 22 co-authorsNot yet answered
15 Oct 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the EU strategic objectives for the 20th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), to be held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, from 24 November to 5 December 2025 B-10-2025-0450Motion for a resolutionwith 6 co-authors—
13 Oct 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30) B-10-2025-0445Motion for a resolutionwith 5 co-authors—
6 Oct 2025Defence of the European pasta sector against new US tariffs P-10-2025-003915Priority written questionwith 3 co-authors13 Nov 2025
25 Sept 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan O-10-2025-000035Oral questionwith 5 co-authorsNot yet answered
25 Sept 2025Key objectives for the CITES COP20 meeting in Uzbekistan O-10-2025-000036Oral questionwith 5 co-authorsNot yet answered
11 Sept 2025UN Climate Change Conference 2025 in Belém, Brazil (COP30) O-10-2025-000029Oral questionwith 5 co-authorsNot yet answered

Show all 33 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 8

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
27 Nov 2025Safety, resilience and sustainability of space activities in the Union ENVI-AM-779793 ENVI14
29 Oct 2025Amending Regulations (EC) No 1907/2006, (EC) No 1272/2008, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2019/1021 and (EU) 2021/697 as regards defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for defence industry CJ61-AM-779431 CJ613
29 Oct 2025Amending Regulations (EC) No 1907/2006, (EC) No 1272/2008, (EU) No 528/2012, (EU) 2019/1021 and (EU) 2021/697 as regards defence readiness and facilitating defence investments and conditions for defence industry CJ61-AM-778402 CJ614
26 May 2025Amending Regulations (EU) 2021/1058 and (EU) 2021/1056 as regards specific measures to address strategic challenges in the context of the mid-term review REGI-AM-773415 REGI1
24 Feb 2025The European Water Resilience Strategy ENVI-AM-770029 ENVI1
24 Feb 2025The European Water Resilience Strategy ENVI-AM-770030 ENVI2
11 Dec 20242023 discharge: General budget of the EU - Agencies ENVI-AM-766863 ENVI11
11 Dec 20242023 discharge: General budget of the EU - Commission ENVI-AM-766861 ENVI5

Show all 8 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political group

National delegation

  • Delegation Italy National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Permalink
https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257122?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all
Official source
Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
27 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Antonio DECARO”. Member record. memberId 257122. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257122?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all (retrieved 27 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257122. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257122?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX 
@misc{epw-member-257122,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Antonio DECARO}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257122?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257122?page=22&rows=all&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-27},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257122. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257122. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version e994c83b5003 (27 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}