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Member

Marco SQUARTA

ECR · Italy

Group
ECR
Country
Italy
Roll-call participation
74.4 %ⓘ of 620 roll calls in office · chamber median 90.6 % · whole term, final votes
With majority line
94.3 %ⓘ of 458 votes where the group had a line · ECR median 87.7 %
More facts (5)
National party
FdL FRATELLI D' ITALIA
In office
Since 16 Jul 2024
Against clear line
5 of 385 votesⓘ
Committees
CULT, ECON (substitute)
Member id
257109
More

Record

The member’s figures against the median of their group and of the chamber. Each vote counts the member in the group they belonged to that day.

Roll-call participation ⓘ

74.4 %

461 of 620 final votes while in office

ECR median: 91.9 % (−17.6 pts)

Chamber median: 90.6 %

With majority line ⓘ

94.3 %

432 of 458 votes where their group had a line

ECR median: 87.7 % (+6.6 pts)

Against clear line ⓘ

1.3 %

5 of 385 votes where their group had a clear line

2 opposite (for ↔ against), 3 abstained against the line

Abstention ⓘ

18.0 %

83 of 461 votes cast

Participation 74.4 % — ECR median 91.9 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
Participation among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureParticipation
Marco SQUARTA74.4 %
ECR median91.9 %
Lowest in the group51.0 %
Highest in the group99.8 %
Members79
With majority line 94.3 % — ECR median 87.7 %, 79 members.ⓘ
Data as a table
With majority line among the 79 members of the ECR with enough votes.
FigureWith majority line
Marco SQUARTA94.3 %
ECR median87.7 %
Lowest in the group46.1 %
Highest in the group94.6 %
Members79
  • Whole term, 620 final votes; 620 of 794 decisions had a final vote recorded by name. The dots are the other members of ECR; no ranks.
  • “No vote recorded” is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.
  • A group’s line is inferred from its members’ votes — Parliament publishes no whip.

Votes, 5 928

Export

Every roll-call vote of the term with the member’s position, newest first.

Result: for–against–abstained. Majority line: how most of the member’s group voted that day (“Tie” when no position won). ≠ group marks a vote otherwise than a clear line (at least two thirds, with at least 10 members voting) of their group.
DateDecision and voteResultPositionMajority line
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 101 — part 2 460 for, 194 against, 8 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 101 — part 1 475 for, 171 against, 22 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 53 to paragraph 99 167 for, 470 against, 29 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 94, adding text after paragraph 88 117 for, 489 against, 65 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on paragraph 82 458 for, 163 against, 43 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 52, adding text after paragraph 80 234 for, 414 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 6, adding text after paragraph 80 209 for, 445 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 80 — part 2 466 for, 187 against, 7 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 51 to paragraph 80 — part 2 209 for, 447 against, 2 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 51 to paragraph 80 — part 1 199 for, 458 against, 9 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 50, adding text after paragraph 79 196 for, 461 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 49, adding text after paragraph 79 203 for, 446 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 48, adding text after paragraph 78 190 for, 460 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 47, adding text after paragraph 78 191 for, 458 against, 7 abstainedPosition: No vote recorded Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 46, adding text after paragraph 78 209 for, 450 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 82 to paragraph 65 194 for, 437 against, 28 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 45 to paragraph 61 178 for, 463 against, 12 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 44, adding text after paragraph 56 148 for, 462 against, 59 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 43, adding text after paragraph 56 201 for, 453 against, 5 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 42, adding text after paragraph 53 197 for, 464 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 5, adding text after paragraph 53 212 for, 439 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 50 — part 2 465 for, 136 against, 62 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 41, adding text after paragraph 48 170 for, 462 against, 35 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 40, adding text after paragraph 48 129 for, 465 against, 73 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 39, adding text after paragraph 48 195 for, 455 against, 4 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 4, adding text after paragraph 48 173 for, 457 against, 32 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on paragraph 48 467 for, 185 against, 11 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 92 to paragraph 48 217 for, 427 against, 19 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on paragraph 47 458 for, 156 against, 47 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 20, adding text after paragraph 44 128 for, 492 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 19, adding text after paragraph 42 85 for, 538 against, 44 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 38, adding text after paragraph 34 192 for, 462 against, 11 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 3, adding text after paragraph 34 201 for, 446 against, 17 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 34 — part 2 440 for, 189 against, 34 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 17, adding text after paragraph 32 168 for, 447 against, 46 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 32 — part 2 482 for, 67 against, 121 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on paragraph 30 433 for, 137 against, 93 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 37, adding text after paragraph 29 162 for, 450 against, 36 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 36, adding text after paragraph 29 140 for, 493 against, 24 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 35, adding text after paragraph 25 188 for, 452 against, 16 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 16, adding text after paragraph 24 111 for, 535 against, 18 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 34 to paragraph 22 133 for, 481 against, 55 abstainedPosition: Abstained Majority line: Abstained
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 33, adding text after paragraph 20 191 for, 462 against, 6 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 32, adding text after paragraph 19 188 for, 464 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on paragraph 17 434 for, 235 against, 3 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 15 — part 2 434 for, 195 against, 41 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 65, adding text after paragraph 13 154 for, 474 against, 41 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Amendment 31, adding text after paragraph 12 197 for, 462 against, 10 abstainedPosition: For Majority line: For
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Separate vote on paragraph 12 404 for, 217 against, 30 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against
15 Sept 2026Findings and recommendations of the Special Committee on the European Democracy Shield Paragraph 9 — part 2 413 for, 237 against, 17 abstainedPosition: Against Majority line: Against

Show all 50 votes on this page

Roll-call participation

One cell per sitting while in office, shaded by the share of that day’s roll calls the member voted in. The official attendance register is kept separately by Parliament.

No vote recorded on 17 of 80 sittings with roll calls.

"No vote recorded" is not the same as absent: leave, illness and chairing the sitting look the same.

Data as a table

Voting neighbours

Members who voted the same way most often in the roll calls they both took part in, within and outside the member’s group (group at the date of each vote), over all roll calls of the term.

At least 200 shared roll calls over at least six months in office together. Within = both sat in the same group on the date of the vote; a member who changed group can appear on both lists. Baseline = the median agreement of all pairs of members of the groups the two sat in on the date of each shared vote (within: the group they shared; outside: the two groups), weighted by the votes they shared in each combination.

Within ECR

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in the same group (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of that group.
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Carlo FIDANZA ECRItaly99 % of 4 385 shared81 %
Alessandro CIRIANI ECRItaly99 % of 4 051 shared81 %
Francesco TORSELLI ECRItaly99 % of 4 459 shared81 %
Michele PICARO ECRItaly99 % of 4 319 shared81 %
Denis NESCI ECRItaly99 % of 4 532 shared81 %
Francesco VENTOLA ECRItaly99 % of 4 125 shared81 %
Antonella SBERNA ECRItaly99 % of 4 095 shared81 %
Alberico GAMBINO ECRItaly99 % of 3 512 shared81 %
Daniele POLATO ECRItaly99 % of 4 462 shared81 %
Mario MANTOVANI ECRItaly99 % of 3 365 shared81 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Outside the group

Agreement: roll calls where both cast the same position, of the roll calls both voted in while in different groups (“shared”); a count below 50 shared. Baseline: the median agreement of every pair of members of the groups the two sat in on those votes (groups at the date, weighted by the votes shared in each combination).
SelectMemberGroupCountryAgreementBaseline
Antonín STANĚK PatriotsCzechia74 % of 2 460 shared68 %
Jorge MARTÍN FRÍAS PatriotsSpain74 % of 3 403 shared68 %
Tiago MOREIRA DE SÁ PatriotsPortugal74 % of 4 333 shared68 %
Juan Carlos GIRAUTA VIDAL PatriotsSpain74 % of 4 262 shared68 %
Mireia BORRÁS PABÓN PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 204 shared68 %
Margarita DE LA PISA CARRIÓN PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 511 shared68 %
Hermann TERTSCH PatriotsSpain73 % of 3 384 shared68 %
Jorge BUXADÉ VILLALBA PatriotsSpain73 % of 4 377 shared68 %
Nikola BARTŮŠEK changed group ECRCzechia72 % of 3 942 shared63 %
Paolo BORCHIA PatriotsItaly72 % of 4 450 shared68 %

Show all 10 neighbours

Work

Seats in committees, delegations and intergroups, and the dossiers the member leads, shadows or negotiates.

Seats

Body: the committee, delegation or intergroup, with its kind. Role: the member’s role in it. From, To: the dates of the seat (“now” while it lasts).
BodyRoleFromTo
Committee on Culture and EducationCULT CommitteeMember19 Jul 2024now
Committee on Economic and Monetary AffairsECON CommitteeSubstitute23 Jun 2025now
Delegation to the EU-UK Parliamentary Partnership AssemblyD-UK Joint parliamentary committeeSubstitute19 Sept 2024now
Delegation for Northern cooperation and for relations with Switzerland and Norway and to the EU-Iceland Joint Parliamentary Committee and the European Economic Area (EEA) Joint Parliamentary CommitteeDEEA DelegationMember19 Sept 2024now
Committee on Budgetary ControlCONT CommitteeSubstitute19 Jul 202422 Jun 2025

Show all 5 seats

Dossiers

Dossier: the procedure the declaration names (“No dossier named” for a delegation without one). Role: rapporteur, shadow rapporteur, negotiator or delegation. Committee: the committee that appointed them. Date: of the declaration.
DossierRoleCommitteeDate
Establishing the European Competitiveness Fund ('ECF’), including the specific programme for defence research and innovation activitiesShadow rapporteur for an opinionECON12 Mar 2026
Establishing Horizon Europe, the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation, for the period 2028-2034 laying down its rules for participation and dissemination, and repealing Regulation (EU) 2021/695Shadow rapporteur for an opinionCULT3 Dec 2025
Competition policy – annual report 2025Shadow rapporteurECON3 Nov 2025
No dossier namedShadow rapporteur for an opinionCULT24 Oct 2025
The EU Youth Strategy 2019-2027Shadow rapporteurCULT13 Oct 2025
European Defence Readiness 2030: assessment of needsShadow rapporteur for an opinionECON13 Oct 2025
The EU Youth Strategy 2019-2027Shadow rapporteurCULT18 Jun 2025
(INI) 2025/2036 A new vision for the European Universities AlliancesShadow rapporteurCULT31 Jan 2025
Delegation to the EU-UK Parliamentary Partnership Assembly (EU-UK PPA)Official delegation27 Sept 2024
No dossier namedOfficial delegation27 Sept 2024

Show all 10 dossier roles

Topics they work on (model-assigned)

Counts: dossiers they spoke on, led or amended, and their questions and motions.

In the chamber

Speeches and statements in plenary debates, newest first; the verbatim report is on Parliament’s site.

16 contributions recorded; 3 on behalf of their group; 18 minutes of speaking time.

Show all 16 recent contributions

Questions and motions, 38

Parliamentary questions and motions for resolutions the member authored or co-signed, newest first.

Date: tabled. Title: the question or motion, with its id. Kind: written question or motion for a resolution, with the number of co-authors. Answer: the date of the answer to a question.
DateTitleKindAnswer
1 Sept 2026Paolo De Rosa’s links with the Autistici/Inventati hacker group and Italy’s Democratic Party P-10-2026-003407Priority written questionwith 20 co-authorsNot yet answered
1 Jul 2026The Erasmus+ ‘Spark’ project and the use of EU funds for sexual education programmes E-10-2026-002732Written questionwith 8 co-authors19 Aug 2026
1 Jul 2026MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the Commission delegated regulation (EU) of 27 March 2026 amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/688 as regards infection with bluetongue virus (serotypes 1-24) and infection with epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus and introducing a derogation for movements of registered equine animals B-10-2026-0342Motion for a resolutionwith 40 co-authors—
6 May 2026Continuity of tertiary education for pregnant women and women with children E-10-2026-001857Written questionwith 46 co-authors3 Jul 2026
10 Mar 2026Use of EU funds for ‘Voices – the European Festival of Journalism and Media Freedom’ E-10-2026-000993Written questionwith 11 co-authors22 May 2026
28 Jan 2026EU anti-racism strategy 2026-2030 E-10-2026-000347Written questionwith 10 co-authors2 Jul 2026
31 Dec 2025EU funding of the European Islamophobia Report 2024 P-10-2025-005081Priority written questionwith 21 co-authors8 Apr 2026
26 Dec 2025EU funding and media campaigns undermining regional policies promoting motherhood E-10-2025-005064Written questionwith 21 co-authors20 Feb 2026
4 Dec 2025Opening on European soil of Chinese companies free of governance and supply chain obligations E-10-2025-004818Written questionwith 13 co-authors9 Feb 2026
27 Nov 2025MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on banning all application and enforcement of Sharia law in the EU B-10-2025-0553Motion for a resolutionwith 53 co-authors—

Show all 38 questions and motions

Amendments tabled in committee, 44

Committee amendment documents that carry amendments by the member, with how many are theirs.

Date: of the amendment document. Text amended: the dossier and the document’s id. Committee: where the amendments were tabled. Amendments: how many in the document are the member’s.
DateText amendedCommitteeAmendments
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791137 ECON13
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791103 ECON12
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791136 ECON6
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791135 ECON21
31 Jul 2026on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulations (EU) No 1095/2010, No 648/2012, No 600/2014, No 909/2014, 2015/2365, 2019/1156, 2021/23, 2022/858, 2023/1114, No 1060/2009, 2016/1011, 2017/2402, 2023/2631 and 2024/3005 as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791134 ECON1
27 Jul 2026on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2011/61/EU and 2014/65/EU as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791083 ECON55
27 Jul 2026on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2009/65/EC, 2011/61/EU and 2014/65/EU as regards the further development of capital market integration and supervision within the Union ECON-AM-791126 ECON75
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790058 CJ655
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790059 CJ6519
19 Jun 2026Establishing the 'AgoraEU' programme for the period 2028-2034, and repealing Regulations (EU) 2021/692 and (EU) 2021/818 CJ65-AM-790061 CJ656

Show all 44 amendment documents

Connections

Dossiers they lead or shadow, committees, party, delegation and other related pages.

Political groups this term

National delegation

  • Delegation Italy National delegation

Sources & citation

Where the facts on this page come from, and how to cite it.

Data source
Licensed CC BY 4.0.
Data version
data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1 · methods
Retrieved
26 September 2026

Cite as

EU Parl Watch Research (2026). “Marco SQUARTA”. Member record. memberId 257109. EU Parl Watch Research. https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257109?page=6&scope=final&vscope=all (retrieved 26 September 2026). Official source: Member’s profile, European Parliament, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257109. Data: EP Open Data: member record, https://data.europarl.europa.eu/api/v2/meps/257109?format=application%2Fld%2Bjson (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1.
BibTeX
@misc{epw-member-257109,
  author = {{EU Parl Watch Research}},
  title = {{Marco SQUARTA}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257109?page=6&scope=final&vscope=all}},
  url = {https://news.eu-parl.st-solutions.dev/members/257109?page=6&scope=final&vscope=all},
  urldate = {2026-09-26},
  publisher = {EU Parl Watch Research},
  note = {Member record. memberId 257109. Official source: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meps/en/257109. Data: EP Open Data: member record (CC BY 4.0); data version 579b2832c723 (26 Sept 2026) · methods: group-at-date v1, participation v1, abstention v1, loyalty v1, against-clear v1, cohesion v1, agreement v1, group-agreement v1, winning-side v1, similar-votes v1, scope v1, data-version v1}
}